FEATURES OF THE TRANSLATION RECEPTION OF THE FAIRY TALE BY C. COLLODI “THE ADVENTURES OF PINOCCHIO” IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE XX CENTURY
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2020-3-72-85
Introduction. A brief history of the Italian literary tale is given, the main features of its poetics are highlighted, the most important features of its reception in Russian literature of the 19th-20th centuries are characterized. The goal - is to present a comparative analysis of the translation of the fairy tale by C. Collodi “The Adventures of Pinocchio”, made by E. Kazakevich, and its translation-alteration, carried out by A. Tolstoy under the title “The Golden Key, or The Adventures of Buratio”. Material and methods. The material of the study was the translation of C. Collodi’s fairy tale “The Adventures of Pinocchio” into Russian, made partially by A. Tolstoy (the first four chapters) and completely by E. Kazakevich. When writing the article, historical-cultural and comparative-historical methods were used, allowing to consider the original and translated text within the framework of intercultural dialogue. An important place is given to translational receptive approaches and the imagological method. Results and discussion. The story of the creation of C. Collody’s fairy tale “The Adventures of Pinocchio” and its translations into Russian at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries is revealed. Particular attention is paid to the Berlin translation of “The Adventures of Pinocchio” (1924) into Russian, made by N. Petrovskaya and edited by A. Tolstoy. This translation is perceived as an intermediary text between the C. Collody fairy tale and A. Tolstoy’s “Golden Key”. It is proved that the action in the work of C. Collodi is built according to the laws of commedia dell’arte, and by A. Tolstoy - in accordance with the traditions of the Russian puppet theater and an adventure story. The author analyzes the initial plot underlying the Italian fairy tale and the structural elements of the fairy tale, which the Russian author focuses on. The equivalent translation by E. Kazakevich of the fairy tale by K. Collodi is compared with the translation-remake of A. Tolstoy, which is characterized by plot and compositional contraction compared to the original, narrative dynamics and stylistic laconicism. Comparison of the C. Collody fairy tale with its translation by E. Kazakevich and the remake translation by A. Tolstoy suggests that a complex semantic and aesthetic connection is established between the original, E. Kazakevich’s translation and the fairy tale “Golden Key”, a text that has come from one culture to another directly affects this latter, enriching it with new meanings, encouraging the creation of independent works based on the borrowing of images, individual plot schemes and motifs. Conclusion. Thus, one of the characteristic features of Russian-Italian literary relations in the field of children’s literature of the 19th-20th centuries was the activation of the translation process. It can be argued that the “inclusion” of Italian literature in the development of their own literature and in the spiritual life of the nation during these years in Russia was more intense than in other countries. Russian literature, perceiving Italian plots and images, gave them their own interpretation. The works of Italian writers opened up a new world and new ideas about Italy. The story of “The Adventures of Pinocchio” is unique, numerous translations became a twist in its fate, they gave the fairy tale a new life in a different language environment. Translations that exist along with the original in various cultural contexts, regardless of space and time, gave the literary fairy tale the opportunity to live an infinite number of lives. In the XIX-XX centuries the fairy-tale by K. Collodi translated into Russian by various translators entered the treasury of children’s literature and took forever its place in it, and each subsequent translation of “The Adventures of Pinocchio” only confirmed the invariable relevance and relevance of the tale to young readers. The work of C. Collodi is a thread connecting and bringing together the culture of Italy with the culture of Russia. The Italian fairy tale, thanks to the efforts of, first of all, A. Tolstoy and E. Kazakevich, became a “common” book for the two countries.
Keywords: children’s literature, literary fairytale, C. Collodi, A. Tolstoy, E. Kazakevich, translation, reception, Russian-Italian dialogue, intercultural transfer
References:
1. Poplavskaya I. A., Efendiyeva N. R. Ital’yanskaya literaturnaya skazka v russkoy kriticheskoy retseptsii XIX–XXI vv. (G. Bazile, C. Gotstsi, C. Kollodi, G. Rodari) [Italian literary tale in Russian critical reception of the 19th – 21st centuries (G. Bazile, C. Gozzi, C. Collodi, G. Rodari)]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Tomsk State University Journal, 2019, no. 442, pp. 52–60 (in Russian).
2. Muratov P. P. Obrazy Italii: Polnoye izdaniye: I–III tom [Images of Italy: Full edition: I–III volume]. Istoricheskiy putevoditel’ [Historical guide]. Moscow, Izd-vo V. Shevchuk Publ., 2016. 672 p. (in Russian).
3. Lipovetskiy M. N. Poetika literaturnoy skazki (na materiale russkoy literatury 1920–1930-kh godov [Poetics of a literary fairy tale (based on the material of Russian literature of the 1920s and 1930s]. Sverdlovsk, Ural Universtiy Publ., 1992. 184 p. (in Russian).
4. Pichugina V. S., Poplavskaya I. A. “Skazki prosto tak” (“Just So Stories”) D. R. Kiplinga v russkoy izdatel’skoy i perevodcheskoy retseptsii XX–XXI vekov [Fairy tales just like that” (“Just So Stories”) by D. R. Kipling in Russian publishing and translation reception of the XX–XXI centuries]. Vestnik Tomskogo universiteta – Tomsk State University Journal, 2016, no. 411, pp. 12–22 (in Russian).
5. Arzamastseva I. N., Nikolayeva S. N. Detskaya literatura: uchebnik [Children’s literature: a textbook]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2008. 576 p. (in Russian).
6. Epifanov P. Ob etoy knige [About this book]. In: Giambattista B. Skazka skazok, ili Zabava dlya malykh rebyat [Basile Giambattista. Tale of tales, or Fun for small children]. Translation from neap. By P. Epifantsev. Saint Petersburg, Izd-vo Ivana Limbakha Publ., 2018. 552 p. (in Russian).
7. Khlodovskiy R. I. Pentameron Dzh. Bazile i ital’yanskaya literatura na rubezhe XVI i XVII stoletiy [Pentameron G. Basile and Italian literature at the turn of the XVI and XVII centuries]. XVII vek v mirovom literaturnom razvitii [XVII century in the world of literary development]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1969. 515 p. (in Russian).
8. Zhilyakova E. M., Budanova I. B. A. N. Ostrovskiy i Karlo Gotstsi [A. N. Ostrovsky and Carlo Gozzi]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Tomsk State University Journal, 2017, no. 417, pp. 13–19 (in Russian).
9. Vogak K. A. O teatral’nykh maskakh [About theatrical masks]. Lyubov’ k trem apel’sinam, 1914, no. 3, pp. 11–16 (in Russian).
10. Meletinsky E. M. Istoricheskaya poetika novelly [Historical poetics of the short story]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1990. 278 p. (in Russian).
11. Balina M. R. Sovetskaya detskaya literatura: sbornik statey [Soviet children’s literature: a collection of articles]. Saint Peterburg, Aleteyya Publ., 364 p. (in Russian).
12. Lipovetsky M. N. Buratino: utopiya svobodnoy marionetki [Pinocchio: Utopia of a Free Puppet]. In: Veselyye chelovechki: Kul’turnyye geroi sovetskogo detstva: sb. statey [Cheerful Little Men: Cultural Heroes of Soviet Childhood: collection of articles]. Comp. and ed. I. Kukulin et al. Moscow, Novoye literaturnoye obozreniye Publ., 2008. 544 p. (in Russian).
13. Stepanov Yu. S. Konstanty. Slovar’ russkoy kul’tury. Opyt issledovaniya [Constants. Dictionary of Russian culture. Research experience]. Moscow, Yazyki russkoy kul’tury Publ., 1997. 824 p. (in Russian).
14. Mineralova I. G. Zarubezhnyye detskiye pisateli v Rossii: Bibliograficheskiy slovar’ [Foreign children’s writers in Russia: Bibliographic dictionary]. Moscow, Flinta Publ., 2005. 429 p. (in Russian).
15. Papilova E. V. Imagologiya kak gumanitarnaya distsiplina [Imagology as a humanitarian discipline]. Vestnik MGGU im. M. A. Sholokhova. Filologicheskiye nauki – Bulletin of Moscow State University for the Humanities, 2011, no. 4, pp. 31–40 (in Russian).
16. Fedorov A. V. Iskusstvo perevoda i zhizn’ literatury [The art of translation and the life of literature]. Leningrad, Sovetskiy pisatel’ Publ., 1983. 352 p. (in Russian).
17. Dzhivelegov A. K. Ital’yanskaya narodnaya komediya [Italian folk comedy]. Moscow, Academy of Sciences of the USSR Publ., 1954. 288 p. (in Russian).
18. Dlya legkogo chteniya: Sobraniye yumoristicheskikh povestey i rasskazov [For easy reading: A collection of humorous novels and short stories]. Saint Petersburg, Izdatel’ K. Geruts Publ., 1895. 259 p. (in Russian).
19. Petrovsky M. S. Knigi nashego detstva [Books of our childhood]. Moscow, Kniga Publ., 1986. 288 p. (in Russian).
20. Arzamastseva I. N., Nikolayeva S. N. Detskaya literatura: uchebnik [Children’s literature: a textbook]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2008. 576 p. (in Russian).
21. Tolstoy A. N. Zolotoy klyuchik, ili Priklyucheniya Buratino [Golden Key, or The Adventures of Buratino]. Moscow, Detskaya literatura Publ., 1982. 142 p. (in Russian).
22. Marshak S. Ya. Sobr. soch.: v 8 t. T. 7 [Collected works: in 8 volumes. Vol. 7]. 569 p. (in Russian).
23. Anisimov I. I. Gor’kiy i sovetskiye pisateli: Neizdannaya perepiska [Gorky and Soviet writers: Unpublished correspondence]. Literaturnoye nasledstvo. Tom. 70 [Literary heritage. Vol. 70]. 1963. 420 p. (in Russian).
24. Sepanlu Nazanin. Ot Pinokkio k Buratino: Traditsii i novatorstvo A. N. Tolstogo [From Pinocchio to Buratino: Traditions and Innovation by A. N. Tolstoy]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 9. Filologiya – MSU Bulletin. Series 9. Philology, 2011, no. 5, pp. 159–165 (in Russian).
25. Ganin V. N., Lukov Vl. A., Chernozemova E. N. Istoriya zarubezhnoy literatury XVII–XVIII vekov: uchebnik [The history of foreign literature of the XVII–XVIII centuries: a textbook]. Moscow, Yurayt Publ., 2016. P. 383 (in Russian).
26. Collodi C. Le avventure di Pinocchio (Rus. ed.: Kollodi K. Priklyucheniya Pinokkio. Transl. by E. Kazakevich. Moscow, AST Publ., 2013. 170 p.).
27. Tyupa V. I. Analitika khudozhestvennogo vvedeniya v literaturovedcheskiy analiz [Analytics of the artistic introduction to literary analysis]. Moscow, Labirint, RGGU Publ., 2001. 192 p. (in Russian).
28. Propp V. Ya. Morfologiya volshebnoy skazki [Morphology of a fairy tale]. Moscow, Labirint Publ., 2001. 192 p. (in Russian).
29. Akimova A. S. Priklyucheniya Pinokkio v Rossii: k istorii mirovogo syuzheta [The Adventures of Pinocchio in Russia: on the History of the World Plot]. Kul’turologicheskiy zhurnal – Journal of Cultural Research, 2014, no. 4 (18) (in Russian). URL: http://www.intelros.ru/readroom/kulturologicheskiy-zhurnal/ku4-2014/25698-priklyucheniya-pinokkio-v-rossii-k-istorii-mirovogo-syuzheta.html (accessed 13 November 2019).
30. Tolstaya E. D. Klyuchi schast’ya: Aleksey Tolstoy i literaturnyy Peterburg [Keys to happiness: Alexey Tolstoy and literary Petersburg]. Moscow, NLO Publ., 2013. 544 p. (in Russian).
31. Eco U. Six walks in the literary forests (Rus. ed.: Eco U. Shest’ progulok v literaturnykh lesakh. Transl. by A. Glebovskaya. Saint Petersburg, Simpozium Publ., 2014. 285 p.).
32. Tolstoy A. N. Zolotoy klyuchik: p’yesa v 3 deystviyakh dlya samodeyatel’nogo detskogo teatra [Golden Key: play in 3 acts for an amateur children’s theater]. Moscow, Detizdat Publ., 1939. 70 p. (in Russian).
33. Bashkatova A. G. Igray kak Fray [Play as Fry]. Oktyabr’, 2010, no. 12 (in Russian). URL: https://magazines.gorky.media/october/2010/12/igraj-kak-fraj.html (accessed 13 November 2019).
Issue: 3, 2020
Series of issue: Issue 3
Rubric: TOPICAL ISSUES OF LITERARY CRITICISM
Pages: 72 — 85
Downloads: 816