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1 | The microflora of researched peat deposits was diverse. On botanical structure the Taganskoe deposit concerns to the tree-sedge, Rojnevskoe - to hipn-sedge. Dependence between number of microorganisms and botanical structure of peats was not established. | 1337 | ||||
2 | Increased, but low activity of destructive and synthetic processes in a residual (1 1) layer of peat under long-term grasses after 1-7 years of the turbary development has been established | 1255 | ||||
3 | The estimation of the process activites of the transformation carbon and nitrogen – containing compounds in the native and recultivated sites of the low marsrh ecological system “Tagan”, representative for Tomsk discrict were given. In creased, but low activiti of destructive processes in residual (1 m) a layer of peat under longterm grasses | 1208 | ||||
4 | Peat deposit of marsh ecosystem «Tagan» is characterized by presence of mani groups of soil microorganisms, which are able to convert different peat compounds. In upper lay of native soil of ecosystem ammonificative microorganisms with domination nonsporiferous forms are the most abundant, and in bottom lay organisms assimilating mineral forms of nitrogen are plentiful (that is coordinated with distribution N-NH3 on deep is deposits). Nitrifiers and cellulosedestroyers developing in nutrient medium are less active. Content of microorganisms in native soil is constant. Cultivation of permanent grasses during 18-20 years stimulated development of microflora on deep of relict peat. Content of all groups microorganisms including organisms assimilating mineral forms of nitrogen, bacillus, actinomycete, denitrifiers, nitrifiers was essentially increased. Increase in the number of these (and others) microorganisms can point out probability of destruction amplification of organic matter in recultivated part of soil | 1242 | ||||
5 | In peat soil number of the microorganisms assimilating organic and mineral forms of nitrogen, their parity, production СО2, correlating with number of given microorganisms, a cellulose mineralization are defined by a number of factors: a hydrothermal mode, presence of nutrients in the form of NPK and spontaneously present at peat N-NH3, a competition from plants at assimilation of nutrients. Results of definition of number of microorganisms methods of direct consideration under a microscope and crops on nutrient mediums have the alternative character, confirming opinion that number of microorganisms not always reflects their activity. Higher indicators of biological activity in residual peat under grown up cereal grasses, in comparison with a native soil, testify to an intensification in it of destructive processes Keywords: biological activity, low-lying marsh ecosystem, microorganisms, assimilating organic forms of nitrogen, assimilating mineral forms of nitrogen, cellulose-decomposing, defined to straight microscoping, dynamics СО2, mineralization of organic substance | 1260 | ||||
6 | In virgin and residual (1 m) peat under permanent cereal grasses of reclamated site of lowland bog ecosystem activity of catalase was defined in 1993, 2002 and 2008 in dynamics. It is shown, that activity of this enzyme is defined by local meteoconditions, peat temperature, level of swamp waters, presence of nutrients (in the form of mineral fertilizers). The reclamation of the developed site (since 1986) has not caused essential increase of fermentative activity in all terms of researches, only in 2008 the tendency to its increase was teethed. The soil of a virgin fallow and soil of experiment site are characterized by comparable sizes of activity of catalase, possibly because residual peat is the lowermost horizon of before not drained virgin soil. Keywords: marsh ecosystems, virgin soil, reclamated soil, enzymes, catalase, biological potency, peat, manurials, grasses | 1330 | ||||
7 | Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity was determined in virgin peat deposit (3 m) and residual eutrophic peat (1 m) under permanent grasses in microfield experiment. Enzyme activity in virgin soil was determined through the thickness (0–100 cm); in residual peat – up to 60 cm deep – at the beginning of observations (1993), and through the profile – in subsequent terms (2002 and 2008). While the ratio «polyphenol oxidase activity: peroxidase activity» was approximately equal to 1, that could point to the relational balance of the processes of synthesis and decay of humic substances – both in virgin and reclamated peat of investigated ecosystem. Keywords: peat bog ecosystem, virgin peat, residual peat, microflora, enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase | 1085 |