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| 1 | The term “the national character of the literary creation” is in the base of our research showing how the language material can reflect peculiar features of a certain culture. Language and culture meet each other with the help of a concept. Usually an interpreter translates only a conceptual component, as a rule ignoring an associative-cultural one. In our work we reveal lexemes which reflect national concepts of Little Russia and analyze English translation of them. On the basis of Little Russian songs from the stories “The fair of Sorochinetz” and “A night in May or drowned maiden” we are revealing lexemes which reflect national Little Russian concepts, which are given in the texts of songs as ethnographic and political realia and analyzing a specific character of their translation into English. Keywords: national character, concept, non-equivalent lexicon, realia, denotative meaning, significative meaning, connotation, songs of Little Russia | 1054 | ||||
| 2 | In the XXI century sport begins to return the position which it lost at the end of the last century. The Olympic Games-2014 in Sochi, the introduction of GTO (Ready for Labor and Defense ) standards (especially for schoolchildren and students) and the additional points for admission to universities for the delivery of these norms, various sporting events of the regional level – all these things make an impact on the formation of the positive sport’s image among the modern youth. In accordance with this indicator, we have established the percentage of students of higher and secondary education who are engaged in physical culture and sports. We used the technique of the linguistic and cognitive modeling of the concept’s maintenance. We developed the reference points of the sport’s image model on the basis of results of an associative experiment. From the positions of cognitive linguistics it is possible to offer the following definition of the sport’s image: sport’s image is a mental construct formed by means of information influence for the purpose of fixing in the picture of the world of the addressee of a steady set of representations and associations connected with sport. The results of the experiment allow to draw a conclusion that in language consciousness of the native speakers the concept has more values, than it is described in the dictionaries. The results of the associative experiment and the poll allow us to offer the following reference points for modeling of the sport’s image. 1. It is necessary to use the words connected with the concept for the concept’s verbalization in the different types of the propaganda materials designed for young people. 2. It is worth thinking of development of the parallel advertizing campaigns designed for different target audiences taking into account gender aspect. 3. Such way of formation of the image as involvement in this activity of the famous athletes, in this case seems to us demanding a further research. Keywords: sport’s image, propaganda, concept, associative experiment, associative field of a concept | 1102 | ||||
| 3 | The Gogol’s story “Nevsky Prospekt”, repeatedly becoming a subject of reflection for two centuries, is of interest to researchers for its multifacetedness and inexhaustible possibilities for interpretation. The author’s aim is the systematization of the story’s verbal lexicon into lexico-semantic groups and the demonstration of typological and mental differences of the characters. These differences were the subject of scientist’s reflection, however, in our view, they are not only in the ideological and semantic levels of the work, but, first of all, in the linguistic level. The author does not analyze the entire verbal lexicon, but only those verbs that are directly related to the description of the main characters - Piskarev and Pirogov. We rely on the definition of Z. D. Popova and I. A. Sternin who believe that “lexico-semantic group is a large group of words of one part of speech united by a single word-an identifier or a stable phrase-combination, whose meaning is fully included in the meaning of the remaining words of the group and which can replace the remaining words in certain contexts” [7, р. 95]. We also rely on the verbal lexicon classification, proposed in the dictionary edited by T. V. Matveyeva, considering this classification the most complete. The most frequent are the lexico-semantic groups of the following verbs: Pirogov – displacement in space (15), speech message (10), thinking (4), utterance (4), perception (6), penetration (4); Piskarev – displacement in space (40), perception (16), utterance (5), thinking (4). In addition, there are unique lexical and semantic groups for each hero. The total number of verbal lexicon in the case of Piskarev is much larger than in the case of Pirogov. That’s why Piskarev is not just a naive dreamer, but an actor who is trying to transform the surrounding reality. As a true romantic, he produces a modified (idealized) reality in his works, then – dreams, and finally he perishes, failing in the transformation of the real life and consciousness of the beauty girl. Keywords: verbal lexicon, lexico-semantic group, romanticism, “natural school”, spectacular folklore | 1065 | ||||
| 4 | Adequate reproduction of the national-cultural color of the text is always at the center of the translation and accentuates the problem of the interrelation between language and culture. The translation of the works of the XIX century with the specific style and a large number of obsolete words and realities is complicated because of the need to preserve the historical color. The national coloring of the work is manifested in such elements of the text as the plot, characters, individual realities, which are the most “nationally” painted vocabulary, situations that at first glance do not have a pronounced national character. When translating, there is often a situation where cultural information, understandable to the native speaker, does not correspond to information contained in the target language. The analysis showed that in the English version of the story, the denotative meaning of the original language units is preserved in most cases. However, the connotative significance of realities is often lost, which damages the reproduction of the national color of the story. During the transfer, a significant part of the stylistic specificity of Gogol disappeared. The title of the cycle “Evenings in Little Russia”, which led to the change of the name of the stories (“An evening in May”, “Mid-summer evening”), removes the accent on the national color of Dikanka made by Gogol. Successful reception of preservation of national color can be considered transcription of realities and transfer of its content as a descriptive expression. In some parts of the text, in particular where appropriate equivalents are used, interpreters manage to convey the national flavor of the story, but in most cases the national color is lost. Keywords: national color, equivalence, non-equivalent lexis, realia, anthroponym | 1067 | ||||