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| 1 | The article gives a description and assessment of non-normative linguistic facts (misprints, typo errors, violations of the lexical rules) operating in the street space of Omsk and collected as part of a student project designed to improve the ecology of the city speech. On the basis of numerical calculations were obtained the data on three unstable sites of modern spelling rules. Revealed a wide range of blunders. It was concluded that the culture of street speech communication, which is media for the type of recipient, is being formed by native speakers with low literacy. Presented and commented on the results of the survey, the purpose of which was to study the perception of texts with a misprint, a typo error, a slang term by residents of Omsk and the Omsk region. Results of the survey show that norm violations were fixed by informants in proportion to the degree of how gross the mistakes are and give them the desire to correct the text. The latter point supports the position of the normative view of the language. Keywords: speech environment of the city, sign, advertising, language norm, misprint, typo error, perception of error | 1149 | ||||
| 2 | On the basis of conversations between the six-year-old boy and his mother the organization and ways of adultchild communication, semantics, pragmatics, and discourse language are revealed. Taken for study parameters, described in general, fit into the existing models of discursive analysis, which as an object considers oral dialogue. In particular, strategies, objectives, control over the course and change of types of speech activity, channels, tone, genres are described. Metacommunicative indicators and their role in organizational communication are determined. On the basis of speech characteristics, the question of whether the constitutive characteristics of discourse are in conversations is positively solved: fixed relative design, thematic and structural unity, relative semantic completeness. It is established that gaming and learning/cognitive strategies prevail; genre repertoire combines traditional children’s genres, popular science literature for children and new formats of the entertainment industry (cartoon, computer game); in the thematic field, modern cartoons, games (computer, desktop, mobile), history of inventions, microcosm, etc. prevail. Values and assessments are not emphasized. The analysis of the discourse testified to various cultural attitudes of the elderly and younger informants. Special appeal for boy new formats of the entertainment industry is faced with restrictions from his mother on viewing of this production. Keywords: discourse, child, strategies, genres, topics of discourse | 1184 | ||||
| 3 | Introduction. The amateurish text is a notable phenomenon of modern mass (not elitist) speech culture. Factors that ensure the promotion of this type of text in the media include the priority of the hedonistic function to the detriment of the cognitive, as well as the interest of society in the public figure, which the media institute provides an opportunity to speak on issues not related to education and profession. The aim of the article is to study the perception of an amateurish text (its content and form) by different groups of recipients. The research issues are aimed at identifying the heterogeneity of mass speech culture by comparing the estimated positions of different recipients of the same text. Material and methods. As an example of amateurish text, the text of the chief editor of a glossy magazine is used, which emphasizes distance from specialists in the field of knowledge (philology) that he discusses. Based on the semantic- stylistic method, speech material obtained in a psycholinguistic experiment, that is, secondary reaction texts, is analyzed. Recipients are divided into three groups: non-specialists from 18 to 44 years old; non-specialists from 50 to 62 years old; students studying in the direction of “Philology”. Results and discussion. It is established that the text broadcasts relatively reliable information (scientific and semiscientific knowledge, a linguistic myth), contains factual errors. An experimental study of evaluative reactions to the text shows that the information transmitted by the text is uncritically accepted by a significant part of the recipients. Non-specialists regard the amateur as a social type depending on age: young participants in the experiment are more loyal to him than senior group recipients. Students who have mastered the problem under discussion in theory and practice speak out sharply negatively about amateur judgments. Assessment of the speech features of the text correlate with the assessment of content. The younger group approves of the humor, accessibility, “ease” with which the information is presented; the senior group notes in the text speech aggression, violation of ethical standards. Philologists in their assessments of the author’s speech style are closer to the older group, that is, more conservative than their peers. Conclusion. Evaluative reactions to one of the varieties of modern mass culture – the amateurish text – allow us to talk about the heterogeneity of this culture, namely the existence of an older and younger communicative norm. The positions of the younger norm in mass speech culture are stronger. This conclusion is based on the fact that the speech features of the source text, which received approval from the younger group recipients, and disapproval of the senior recipients, are considered in modern style as the most striking features of the press as a whole. Keywords: mass speech culture, amateur text, text perception, text assessment, junior communicative norm, senior communicative norm | 1103 | ||||
| 4 | Introduction. The influence of modern media on the worldview and behavioral attitudes of society remains poorly understood. Behavioral norms, broadcast in the format of talk shows, are the basis for evaluative statements, are correlated with the values of different types. The dialectical relations of the components of the axiological complex determine the feasibility of their joint consideration. The goal is to identify and describe behavioral norms, assessments of a person and the values of society represented in one of the programs of the talk show “Live with Andrey Malakhov”. Material and methods. Linguoaxiological analysis is a semantic analysis of units of different language levels and categories of discursive nature, aimed at identifying normative and estimated values in the field of human behavior. The stages of the analysis are the identification of typical means of expressing these values and the formation on their basis of a factual basis for research, the classification of statements according to their relation to certain types of values, the reconstruction of relevant behavioral norms, the interpretation of the results taking into account information about the features of the talk show format. Results and discussion. Along with the lexical and phraseological units of the language, estimated and normative values are regularly expressed by markers of deontic modality, grammatical means of enlarging the scale of the situation, lexical and grammatical indicators of deviation from the norm; moreover, in their translation involved knowledge. Utility-material prevail in the repertoire of values. Behavioral norms correlate with traditional values of different social groups and post-Soviet values. The influence of the transmission format on the presentation of axiological meanings lies in the relational (from the negative) presentation of the norms of behavior and in the level of their generality, in a strict balance of sign ratings, in the prevalence of personal values over social, utilitarianmaterial – over spiritual. A methodology for describing the axiological complex “behavioral norms, assessments of a person and the values of socie-ty”, presented in a media text imitating a discussion about a socially significant problem, is proposed and tested. Conclusion. The findings correlate with the results obtained in works in other humanitarian areas. Due to the presuppositive nature of the norm semantics, its linguistic reconstruction presupposes attention to non-specialized language means, as well as discursive phenomena. Keywords: talk shows, value, assessment, behavioral norm, linguo-axiological analysis | 1199 | ||||
| 5 | The article analyzes the communicative and cognitive components of a dialogue that induce one of its participants to repeat what has been said and preliminarily reflect this fact in the form of a modus of repeated speaking. The study was carried out on the material of responses of the main corpus of the NCRN to the queries “once again to you”, “once again to you”, “once again to you”, “once again to you”. Except for cases of positive phatic (e.g., “thank you again”), such repetition of information by one of the dialogue participants is due to a communicative failure in the past, for which the speaker attributes responsibility to the interlocutor. The pragmatic prerequisite of such repetition is also the fact that the speaker attributes to himself a status not lower than that of the interlocutor. The cognitive basis of failure in the article is recognised as uncertainty of information, which can be removed or lowered as a result of understated (variant) repetition. It is shown that semantic varieties of uncertainty correlate with the intents of repetitive speech acts. For example, a repeated representative reduces the degree of incompleteness of knowledge or corrects the addressee’s misinterpretation of the information from the speaker’s point of view; a repeated directive and a repeated commission are initiated by an uncertain forecast regarding the further development of events. Repetition can be realised both in the interests of the speaker (imposing his interpretation of the events under discussion) and in the interests of the addressee (clarifying his ideas about the subject of speech). The theoretical significance of the study consists in clarifying the markers of the status positions of the participants of dialogues; the evaluation of the effectiveness of utterances with the explicated modus of repetitive speaking can be used in the practice of teaching communicative disciplines. Keywords: modus of repeated speaking, information repetition, communicative failure, uncertainty, intension | 629 | ||||