Search
| # | Search | Downloads | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The article presents a comparative study of approaches to teaching the French language at Russian and Tanzanian universities. The analysis is held within curricula for Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees of smaller universities in both countries, such as Kemerovo State University (South Western Siberia) and Dodoma University (Tanzania). This illustrates general principles of foreign language teaching in the systems of higher education of these countries. A brief historical reference is given for the overall comprehension of the status of the French language in the systems of foreign language teaching at universities of these countries. The methods of research chosen for the study are: interviews with university and school students and teachers, reviews of official educational documents and standards, comparative analysis, analysis of the authors’ own teaching experience. The new results and conclusions of the analyzed problem can be formulated as follows: the lack of didactic materials and text books for students learning French is the typical problem for Russian and Tanzanian universities; various special forms of extracurricular work promoting the French language and culture studies by students as well as a balanced language policy on the part of the state (both in the Russian Federation and in the United Republic of Tanzania) improve the status of the French language in the system of university education. Keywords: foreign languages, the French language and culture, higher educational system, language teaching methods, extracurricular activities | 1229 | ||||
| 2 | Introduction. The article deals with the problem of modern English punctuation in a written communication of American mass media (The New York Times, San Francisco Chronicle). The paper is focused on the rules of putting comma as a sign, the functions of which are very contradictory and diverse, since in the same syntactic contexts it can be either allowed or avoided. The analysis of the comma functioning rules is explained by the fact that this sign often replaces all other punctuation marks in modern written communication. The aim of the work is to identify and explain the principles of comma functioning in modern communication (based on the material of American English) in order to facilitate the understanding of the laws of punctuation in the English language. Material and methods. The main research methods are the method of linguistic description, syntactic analysis, interpretative method, the method of stylistic description. Results and discussion. In the undertaken analysis, we claim that in American written communication, comma performs the following set of functions: dividing or separating syntactic units within a syntactic structure, highlighting the meaning, enhancing an expressiveness and semantic significance of a syntactic element, using the sign as an individualised stylistic means of expressiveness in the text. The scientific novelty of this work is systematization and scientific classification of functions typical of a comma from the point of view of the English grammar laws and their stylistic variation, which practically were not covered in other studies on the grammar of English. Conclusion. The proposed list of functions performed by comma in a modern American discourse allows us to offer students studying English a relatively complete overview of the possible meanings characteristic of this sign, and thus, remove some difficulties in understanding and mastering the syntactic theory of English. Keywords: punctuation, written communication, comma, syntactic relations, expressive function, emphasising function | 967 | ||||
| 3 | The article describes the English advertising discourse for women, the texts of which were present in the 30-s and 40-s of the twentieth century. The purpose of the study is to analyze the arsenal of expressive linguistic means, both verbal and paralinguistic, to influence the female readership in order to enhance the pragmatic effect of the texts about the advertised product. The material of the study are texts of British and American magazines for women, presented on the websites of archival publications (vintageadbrowser.com, etc.), using the methods of linguistic description, classification, linguistic-stylistic and contextual analysis and translation. The analysis of expressive means in the English discourse of advertising texts for women made it possible to assume that advertising texts of this chronological period are polycode messages containing various means of verbal and non-verbal, paragraphemic expressions, such as various rhetorical devices (epithets, euphemisms, puns), visual images – drawings, photography, font variation, punctuation variation, implications, etc. Obviously, for the female readership, the greatest persuasiveness of the advertising text lies in the visual effect, therefore, visualization plays a central role in the set of expressive means of advertising discourse, i.e. drawings and photographs that, through a set of appropriate implications, cause a predictable psychological effect - the conviction of the need to purchase a product. The meaning of the actual verbal component of the text is not the leading one, since the gender characteristics of this readership are due to the motive – to imitate higher standards and more successful and beautiful people, whose images are present in advertising. The polycode nature of the advertising text is a necessary condition for achieving the pragmatic function of advertising aimed at persuading the target audience, and it consists in the mandatory combination of means of various language codes: verbal (graphemic proper) and paragraphemic (punctuation, graphics, drawings) means of discourse. Keywords: polycode, discourse, advertising, expressive means | 822 | ||||