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ADAPTIVE COMPARISON OF THE CONCEPT OF GOVERNANCE IN RUSSIAN AND PERSIAN LANGUAGES // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2022. Issue 1 (219). P. 141-148

Introduction. By the method of comparative research, the concepts of governance in the Russian and Persian languages are considered and compared. At the same time, an emphasis is placed on the common Indo-European root of these two languages. The purpose of this study is a better understanding of governance in the Russian language and the identification of the presence of governance in the Persian language, which, in addition to its definition in Persian, tries to consider its aspects based on the Russian language, such as strong and weak, direct and indirect, and functions that perform dependent words. The materials of this article are grammar guides in both languages and specialized books on the topic of governance, especially in Russian. Consideration of governance in Russian. Governance in the Russian language undoubtedly exists, only there are some moments in its full-fledged existence as its delimitation with adjoining, which in this work explains their difference. Consideration of the presence or absence of governance in Persian. The presence of governance in the Persian language is controversial, but this work proves that it exists, but in comparison with the Russian language, it is expressed differently. Comparison of governance in Russian and Persian. Governance in the Russian language is more elaborate, therefore it is used as a template and on its basis the governance in the Persian language is considered. Conclusion. In conclusion, the main results of research are drawn about the comparison of governance in both given languages, in connection with which facts are revealed such as the usage of the postposition – را in many cases is similar to the governance masculine gender accusative case, as well as the presence of strong and weak, direct and indirect governance. The results of this study can be effective in teaching Russian or Persian.

Keywords: consideration, governance, language, Russian, Persian, grammar, presence, absence

COMPARATIVE DISCUSSION OF COMMON MISTAKES BY USING THE GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIAN AND PERSIAN LANGUAGES // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2022. Issue 4 (222). P. 26-33

Itroduction. The correct usage of grammatical government in Russian sometimes encounters difficulties, on the other hand, due to the structural differences in grammatical ways of expressing government in both Russian and Persian languages and moreover, the absence of a case category in Persian, the topic of the article acquires special relevance for teaching Russian and Persian languages. The topic of government in the Russian language has been researched a lot and many books and articles have been written on this topic, but in the Persian language. Linguists did not pay much attention to this topic, only at the level of dissertations and articles, not a large number of works have been written by linguists with knowledge of the Russian language. The aim of the study is to analyze the errors associated with the use of government in Russian and compare them with the Persian language. Material and methods. In this article, using the method of comparative linguistics, common mistakes are considered when using government in Russian language, after which the results are additionally analyzed and compared with the Persian language, and as a result, the similarities and differences in grammatical ways of expressing government between the Russian and Persian languages will be revealed. The material of this article is grammar guides in both languages and specialized books and articles on the topic of government, especially in Russian. The objectives of this study are to increase the understanding of government among students in two languages, familiarize themselves with the mistakes in connection with the use of government in Russian and their comparison with the Persian language. Results and discussion. The results of the article can be helpful for students of both named languages, who, firstly, due to the lack of research on this topic, especially on government in Persian, cannot compare the ways of expressing government in a foreign language with their native language and, as a result, suffer from an incomplete concept of this topic and secondly, due to the lack of familiarization with common mistakes when using government, they are often mistaken in their application. Conclusions are drawn about different theories on the definition of the term “government” as a grammatical term in the field of linguistics. Not all linguists in Russian accept all existing generally accepted definitions of government. Researchers of the Persian language also pay attention to government in the Persian language, although some, such as L. S. Peisikov, completely deny the existence of government, but this study confirms that the grammatical meaning of government cannot be abandoned.

Keywords: language, Russian, Persian, grammar, government