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| 6751 | The study of axiological sphere and means of its representation is one of the up-to-date problems of linguistics. This is especially true for the study of media communication in view of the communicative-cognitive scientific paradigm and the media vector of Russian studies’ development. The interpretation of value dominants in the discourses of public personalities is of interest as an object of perception of the mass addressee and influence on him. The aim of the article is to define language representation of value dominants of the participants of the author program "Very personal" on the channel "Open Television of Russia", taking into account the structure, content and pragmatics of the media discourse of the program. The study of discursive practices of the guest and the host is based on the theory of regulation, developed in the communicative stylistics of the text. This study includes the use of discursive and semantic-stylistic analysis. The material of the study is the release of the program "Very personal" on the channel "OTR" with the participation of People’s Artist of the USSR Vladimir Vasiliev. The means of representing the value picture of the world of a person are the following: explicit and implicit, linguistic and extralinguistic, including nonverbal behavior. The characteristic linguistic regulatory means and structures of the discourse of the participants of the "Very Personal" program, which have a communicative-pragmatic impact, include: melioration evaluative vocabulary, stylistic devices of repetition, gradation, antithesis, syntactic parallelism, rhetorical questions and exclamations, making clear the value picture of the world of the guest and the journalist. The guest’s discourse is characterized by the usage of semantic text paradigms of the synonymous type, actualizing the value dominants of the personality, first of all, complete dedication in creative work. The explicit regulatory strategy of the intensifying-convergent type in the discourses of Vladimir Vasiliev and the host of the author’s program allows the recipient to form an integral idea of their values and preferences. Gestures and facial expressions, look, appearance and communication environment of the program participants as the extralinguistic means of representing the value picture of the world are considered. We interpret value dominants in the discourse of a language personality as the conjugation of various linguistic and non-linguistic signals that directly or indirectly intensify value meanings that are important to the personality and characteristic of it. It was determined that the regulatory means and structures represent the value meanings of the program guest: complete dedication to creative work, service to society, loyalty to a lifework, honesty, modesty, love, sincerity, the desire to give joy, etc. Numerous comments from listeners and viewers of the program confirm that these value dominants were perceived by the audience. The regulatory theory’s use allows to specify the peculiarities of the representation of the value picture of the world of media communication participants, which was demonstrated using the example of the author’s program "Very Personal" by Viktor Loshak on Public Television of Russia. The results of analysis are of interest for axiological linguistics, media linguistics, theory and practice of speech communication. Keywords: value picture of the world, value dominants, communicative stylistics, regulatory means, regulatory structures, regulatory strategy, media discourse, Viktor Loshak, Vladimir Vasiliev | 292 | |||||
| 6752 | The changing environment of schools and education systems call for changes in the type of teachers and their personal and professional characteristics. The generation of students is changing its parameters too. How does the teacher of today appear to their students? How do schoolchildren see each other? We tried to get answers to these questions by using the projective method «Pishu-Risuyu» for the first-year undergraduates majoring in education at Vyatka State University. This article aims to share the results of this projective method with the pedagogical community to create an image of a modern school teacher and student. The scientific novelty of the article lies in molding the “image” of a school teacher on the basis of empirical data “from students”, taking into account their individual and personal characteristics, in particular, the modality of information output. The study revealed that the “image” of a modern teacher is composed of the following characteristics: a creative, intelligent, patient, responsible person who complies with the norms of pedagogical ethics (tactful), who understands their students; b) the “image” of a modern student consists of the following parameters: inquisitive, active, creative and imaginative, proficient in IT technologies, attentive, but dependent on gadgets, cunning, and therefore lazy, but self-developing, diligent, hardworking, responsible, communicative and independent in behavior representative of the “Z” generation. Research methods: the projective method «Pishu/Risuyu» («I Write and Draw») is the main tool for collecting empirical database; ranking, methods of qualitative data processing, construction of graphic objects, analysis, synthesis, modeling (images of teacher and student), and interpretative method are all part of the process. The theoretical significance of the article lies in the confirmation / denial of some characteristic features of a modern teacher and secondary school student, identifying the transformation of ideas about the main and priority characteristics of a teacher and student, which can serve as some factual basis for confirming / clarifying generational theory. The practical significance of the article is determined by the creation of the “images” of the teacher and student, which can be taken as some guidelines for the development of personal qualities of these subjects. The obtained data can be utilized in the development of teaching strategies at universities and in the implementation of additional vocational education programs for certified teachers. Keywords: secondary school; modern teacher; modern student; generational theory; teacher image; student image; projective method; modality of information output | 286 | |||||
| 6753 | In the period of threat to the national sovereignty of the country, awareness of the value of the Motherland through the education and upbringing system will serve as the mobilizing force that will help us confront the challenges of the present time. However, numerous teachers are experiencing some problems in realization of the tasks of the patriotic education in general; and in particular, in developing the Motherland’s image during foreign language lessons. The teachers of European languages are suffering from specific difficulties in terms of maintaining fierce information war. The aim of the study was to rethink traditional approaches to organizing patriotic education in foreign language classes, the core of which is the formation of a personality that values its Motherland. The objectives of the research are in the study of the national experience of Motherland’s image development during foreign language lessons; underpinning of the importance to review longstanding norms in accordance with the current situation; the elaboration of new approaches in the development of patriotic education which will satisfy today’s requirements. The main directions of the research were constructed on the basis of empirical data results and the methods of comparison, generalization and analysis of literature data. The material of the research is the results of the practical experience of teaching the discipline ‘Foreign language’ to the students of linguistic faculties. The formation of the image of the Motherland in foreign language lessons should be based on the following principles: 1. Preservation of continuity. Work on patriotic education in foreign language lessons should be based on the best traditions of the national system of upbringing and education. 2. Formation of a holistic image of the Motherland. For a long time, knowledge about our country was transmitted fragmentarily and, as a rule, was only supplemented with some information about the country of the language being studied. It is important once again to assess the content of major disciplines with the aim to fill in the gaps which were made earlier and did not allow to see the multi-faceted image of the country. 3. The creation of a positive image of the country. It is essential to revise the curriculum with the aim to decently and informally cover the heritage of the country in specific sectors of economy and in the world landscape. 4. The development of the skill to criticize constructively by providing a weighted and critical analysis of the disadvantages, by being able to provide positive as well as negative sides. 5. The motivation to define the student’s personal opinion as an active citizen in our society. 6. The encouragement of the students’ proactivity. 7. The revealing of the most significant contemporary issues which require the youth active participation comprises the basis of the relevance principle. A special role in this paper is attributed to the personality of a teacher who develops the need to know more about their country; enables the formation of spiritual youth’s experience which serves as a basis for developing the feeling of love to Homeland; forms the sense of belonging to the common activity; teaches to see the ways to realize their own possibilities in favor of the motherland. On the contemporary stage it is important to be aware of the significance of the individual algorithm to the acquisition of the Motherland’s image among students, as well as the skills not only in presenting this image to a representative of another culture but also in guarding the interests of the Motheland’s image. Keywords: foreign languages, higher education, fatherland, homeland, patriotic education, national identity, civic position | 284 | |||||
| 6754 | The analyzed story uses different types of comic, such as irony, parody, humor, in its soft and delicate form. Here is an example of literature addressed to readers who have only just begun to form their literary taste, and representing a kind of encyclopedia of the funny, not using extreme forms (sarcasm, satire), activating the ability to catch subtle, implicit shades of the comic, contributing to the expansion of cultural horizons and the development of logical thinking. The use of the original narration and the “text within the text” technique allow A. Aleksin to create a story literally overflowing with various kinds and techniques of the comic: from puns and incorrect word usage to parody and gentle irony, while the author never humiliates his characters, on the contrary, he makes readers sympathize with the selfless, well-read and inquisitive children, who treat their parents, teachers, and each other with respect and love. Texts of this kind, aimed at attentive readers with a fairly broad historical and literary outlook, encourage reading, activate the reader’s attention, and introduce various literary techniques. The genre of a humorous detective story in a children’s story turned out to be possible due to the fact that A. Aleksin adheres to strict rules characteristic of humorous literature: there is nothing really shocking, terrible and compassionate in his story, thanks to which the element of humor turns out to be justified and is not replaced by pity. At the same time, the plot of the detective story is motivated by the psychology of the young heroes, and their actions and deeds correspond to ideas about morality and ethics. Keywords: Anatoly Aleksin, “A Very Scary Story”, teenage literature, detective story, comic techniques, humor, irony | 282 | |||||
| 6755 | The study of the media discourse of public linguistic personalities belongs to the relevant areas of modern linguistics. Of particular interest is the analysis of interviews with the participation of the writer as a creative personality with a special worldview and the ability to focus on the mass addressee. The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of the communicative style of the creative media linguistic personality of the writer based on his speech behavior in interviews. The article analyzes the material of 4 interviews in 2013-2023 with the participation of Tatyana Efremovna Meiko, a member of the Union of Writers of Russia. The research was carried out in line with communicative stylistics using the theory of regularity developed within the framework of this direction and using methods of discursive analysis, semantic-stylistic, contextual analysis and experiment based on a survey of informants. It is established that in the interview T. Meiko reveals herself as a creative, emotional, passionate person, constantly on the lookout, able to support young writers by sharing his experience. In interviews, the author often uses communicative strategies of influence, self-presentation, positive attitude, openness, and trust. This is reflected in the verbal and non-verbal behavior of the individual, including phonation features, gestures and facial expressions. It is revealed that the writer in public media communication is characterized by a figurative metaphorical style, which manifests itself in the use of vivid regulatory means (metaphors, epithets, comparisons), as well as stylistic techniques of repetition, contrast, rhetorical questions and exclamations. Of the regulatory strategies in the writer’s discourse, strong explicit regulatory strategies of a mixed sequential-convergent type prevail in terms of uniformity / heterogeneity of the regulatory tools used, performing one function. The experiment on the recognition of the writer and his perception as a person and participant in the interview showed that most of the participants in the experiment know Tatiana Meiko and assess her as a creative person, open to positive communication, capable of emotionally influencing the recipient. The theory of regularity makes it possible to reveal the individual author’s peculiarities of the communicative style of the writer’s public linguistic personality, to identify communication strategies characteristic of it, as well as various means and methods of effective influence on the addressee. Keywords: communicative style, public linguistic personality, interview, theory of regularity | 276 | |||||
| 6756 | The purpose of the article is to trace the act of communication of A. S. Pushkin’s poetic text in its pragmatic orientation; an act of emotive influence of the Russian language, Russian culture and manifestation of the Russian mentality in Pushkin’s works. The task is to find out: 1) the linguistic essence of the text; 2) extralinguistic orientations, taking into account: the author; the addressee (who are they – “To the Slanderers of Russia”); correlation with the historical, social and cultural context (Pushkin’s attitude to the Polish-Russian issue; Russian-French context (in particular); relations between Russia and the West (in general); provocativeness of the text in relation to liberal-minded compatriots. The article presents the text in linguodidactic consideration during classes on Russian as a foreign language with philology students; educational material has been developed for a practical course on intercultural communication, including co-study of the Russian language, history, literature and culture. Work on the text is carried out in the context of a communicative approach, revealing the informative, semantic and pragmatic essence of a literary text; Not only the “language technique” is studied, but also the culture of the country. In the process of working on a literary text, students get acquainted with the history of Russia, the mentality of the Russian people, reflect on problematic issues and communicative tasks – the desire and ability to “think for themselves” (critical thinking) is gradually formed, and the need arises to share thoughts in Russian. Philology students (3–4 years), analyzing the text, reflecting on it, learn to understand the processes taking place today in modern society - in the year of the 225th anniversary of the great Russian poet. Pushkin’s ingenious prophetic text, problematic issues, communicative tasks and line-by-line analysis of the text “To the Slanderers of Russia” help foreign students understand historical realities, teach them (“while their hearts are alive for honor”) to think critically, and therefore to prevent problems intercultural communication. The research materials were the theoretical works of scientists (linguists, methodologists, historians), reflection of many years of teaching experience at the university. Methods of complex analysis of text and discourse were used, as a result of which the pragmatic orientation of A. S. Pushkin’s ode was revealed – the “spirit” of the great Pushkin text and the “spirit” (albeit not strong in the knowledge of the history and culture of Russia, but searching, thinking) - the “spirit” of the reader. The emotive impact on the contemporaries of A. S. Pushkin, and us, reading these poems in the year of the 225th anniversary of the genius, is equally strong and provocative. Keywords: methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language, ode to “Slanderers of Russia” by A. S. Pushkin, educational material for a practical course on intercultural communication, co-study of the Russian language, history, literature and culture | 269 | |||||
| 6757 | The article notes approaches to the interpretation of “time travel” literature and the characteristics of one of its varieties – a fantastic school/vacation story about “time travelers” to the Soviet past. A review of texts written in the first decades of the 21st century about the displacement of children into the Soviet past (T. Kryukova, A. Zhvalevsky, E. Pasternak, etc.) allows us to speak about the development of a certain genre formula, which all authors follow in one way or another. A. Remеz’s novel “The Cat from Jupiter” is analyzed from the point of view of the embodiment of the selected genre features and the author’s originality. The writer follows the main plot line of the genre (the sudden transfer of a child from the present to the past, the use of a border locus, the perception by the “time traveler” of Soviet life as gray and dull, relationships with adults as stricter, more regulated, not taking into account the subjectivity of the child). But, unlike other authors, A. Remez uses the locus of a sanatorium, not a school or a pioneer camp to move a character; she, more than other writers, pays attention not only to the difference, but also to the similarity of forms of children’s subculture of the Soviet period and the 2010s, gives a kind of encyclopedia of children’s life in a medical sanatorium 1980s: describes the rules of street team games, burying “secrets” for memory, as well as forms of spending time in the ward (weaving toys, telling horror stories, reading books, discussing films) and many others. Moving into the past, and in the finale back to one’s own time, strengthened the connection between generations, made the world of parents, their values and childhood memories more understandable for a modern child, as they became familiar with this world through immersion. Keywords: Soviet past, “time travelers to the USSR”, fantastic school story, modern children’s literature, A. Remеz | 265 | |||||
| 6758 | The article thoroughly examines the development and scientific substantiation of a military-pedagogical system of adaptive physical culture (APC) aimed at the rehabilitation, professional training, and effective integration of military personnel with disabilities (hereinafter referred to as MPwD) into professional activities within the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In the context of contemporary challenges and demands placed on the defense and security system, emphasis is placed on the necessity of modernizing professional education, improving the qualifications of personnel, and enhancing the preparation of specialists working with MPwD. The study includes a comprehensive analysis of scientific-theoretical foundations and practical approaches to building pedagogical systems, enabling consideration of the specificities of military service and the unique needs of MPwD. Special attention is given to the integration of innovative technologies such as functional state monitoring systems, virtual simulators, digital platforms, and software that facilitate the adaptation and development of military personnel with disabilities. An essential element of the development is the consideration of regulatory requirements and the implementation of individualized training methods that align with modern educational standards and international recommendations. The primary goal of the research is to form a comprehensive pedagogical system aimed at enhancing the physical, psychological, and professional readiness of MPwD to fulfill assigned service tasks, including their successful integration into military unit teams. The analysis of identified contradictions in theory and practice allowed the determination of key issues related to the integration of rehabilitative and educational components, as well as the development of personalized professional growth trajectories. The proposed methodological approaches are based on the principles of systemic, person-centered, innovative development, and axiological justification. The application of these principles facilitates the creation of a multifunctional pedagogical system that harmoniously combines the objectives of combat training and rehabilitation, adapting MPwD to fulfill their service duties, which in turn ensures the enhancement of the combat readiness of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Keywords: professional education, adaptive physical culture, servicemen with disabilities, professional training, rehabilitation, military-pedagogical system | 265 | |||||
| 6759 | The study of the accumulated experience of national physical education systems in the context of their patriotic education of young people, the study of "mistakes" and the most effective practices of organizing sports and patriotic education, is a key factor in the process of solving the tasks set by the President of the country and the government. The relevance of the study is emphasized in a number of government documents and reflects the objective request of the state to restructure the existing system of patriotic education of young people. The article examines the history of the formation of sports and gymnastic societies in Germany in the XIX-early XX centuries, identifies German teachers who stand at the origins of the use of physical culture and sports activities for the purpose of patriotic education of young people. The purpose of the study is a retrospective analysis of the formation of sports and gymnastics societies in Germany and their role in the patriotic education of German youth in the XIX-early XX centuries. Materials and methods of research. In the process of research, we used theoretical methods: analysis and synthesis, generalization, abstraction. The main research materials were digitized works of the creators of the German gymnastic system, the works of the founders of the national history of physical culture, scientific publications considering the features of the militarization of the younger generation in Germany in the late XIX – early XX century. As the results of the study, 4 stages in the history of sports and gymnastic societies in Germany of the XIX – XX century and their functions in the patriotic education of young people were identified: the period of the origin of gymnastic schools associated with the activities of Fit and Guts–Mouts, the introduction of gymnastic training in general education organizations, the prerequisites for the use of the educational function of physical culture; the period of strengthening associated with the activities of F. Jan, the development of the gymnastic movement and the strong relationship between physical fitness and patriotic education; the period of "struggle" associated with the imposition of state control in matters of nationalist education of German youth and the response of society in the form of organizations of "Migratory Birds"; the period of nationalization, complete subordination to the state of sports and gymnastics societies, the implementation of ideological "processing" of the population with their help. Keywords: patriotic education, militarization of physical education, youth, sports and gymnastics societies, turkunst | 254 | |||||
| 6760 | This article is devoted to the consideration of the possibilities of using a methodological designer in the process of professional training of future teachers of a foreign language at a university. The review of the existing definitions of the concept of “professional competence” is made, its structure is revealed, three main components are distinguished: linguistic, pedagogical and methodological. Methodological competence is understood as the ability to effectively plan, organize and implement the educational process, includes the ability of a teacher to choose and apply various approaches and teaching methods, as well as evaluate and adjust their activities taking into account the goals and needs of students. An attempt is made to apply such a tool as a methodological constructor to organize work on the formation of methodological competence of undergraduate students. It is the methodological designer, as a system designed to create and organize educational materials, curricula, that allows you to plan and model the educational process for the formation of methodological competence and bring it closer to the needs of the real professional activities of future teachers. The proposed methodological constructor includes two blocks: classroom and extracurricular activities. The first block contains the following components: 1) interactive lectures; 2) seminars; 3) project practice; 4) production practice and research. The block of the methodological designer related to the extracurricular activities of students includes: 1) participation of students in methodological competitions”; 2) participation in interuniversity and all-Russian Olympiads on pedagogy and theory of teaching and learning; 3) participation in student scientific and practical conferences. When implementing all the blocks of the methodological designer, it is recommended to use interactive and digital resources in order for the training to be of an active nature. Examples of the use of various digital materials in lectures and seminars on the discipline “Methods of teaching foreign languages” are given; a project carried out by sophomores in the framework of project practice is described; the All-Russian video tutorial competition on the methodology of teaching foreign languages is briefly described; the results of the All-Russian student scientific and practical conference “New technologies in teaching foreign languages”, which is annually held by teachers of the department, are analyzed theories and methods of teaching at the Moscow State University named after F.M. Dostoevsky. It is concluded that the methodological constructor allows teachers to comprehensively and flexibly approach the implementation of all requirements for the professional standard of a future foreign language teacher. Keywords: professional competence, methodological competence, methodical constructor, professional standard of a future foreign language teacher, methods of teaching a foreign language | 245 | |||||
| 6761 | The transition to industrialization 2.0 – a modern technological mode in conditions of an acute shortage of personnel, a low level of their qualifications, negative competition changes the paradigm of employment and actualizes the professional identity of the individual with a focus on high-tech spheres, primarily industrial production, supported by artificial intelligence, digitalization and automation. In these conditions, the demand for a new nomenclature and content of competencies increases, which represents the guidelines for methodological innovation and determines the initial principles of such work – consistency, individual approach, gamification, design of the educational and professional route of the optant. On the example of SibGIU, the possibilities of the vocational orientation system are shown. The analysis, synthesis and generalization of theoretical research in the field of professional definition and orientation, the Doctrine of Industry, the Unified Model of Vocational Orientation of the Population, the leading provisions of the anthropological and convergent approaches made it possible to formulate contradictions between the current state of the labor market and the possibilities of education to reproduce personnel of the necessary qualification and nomenclature. Institutional opportunities for overcoming the axiological heterogeneity of representatives of individualistic and collectivist Russia in the management of employees are revealed, the principles of a human-centric society are formed, representing an acmeological and civilizational turn in public consciousness, which can be implemented on the basis of the mental concept of professional orientation at the pre-professional, professional and post-professional levels. The author reveals an actual mechanism of professional definition, relevant to the needs of the labor market, but also representing the contract between citizens and the state as mutual obligations in relation to employment and satisfaction of the hierarchy of personal needs. The content of the processes of professional identification, immanently representing the quantitative and qualitative transformation of the personality, as a transition from sociality to professionalism and in a modified form again to sociality, is determined. The targets at the individual and public levels are indicated, representing clusters of tasks implemented in the stratagems of the country’s socio-economic development, which are essentially a civilizational turn in mentality. The initial foundations of mental conceptualization are determined. Keywords: professional identity, industrialization, human-centric society, employment paradigm, mechanism of professional definition, individualization, project approach, system approach | 243 | |||||
| 6762 | Mathematical activity is the exchange of information and its processing. Typically the focus is on learning to process information. For example, we highlight information processing at the level of: 1) standard algorithms; 2) standard activity strategies; 3) methodology. But working with information begins with its presentation, which is characterized by the language used, the pace and style of transmitting information, etc. But the influence of the level of fixation of the order of presentation of information units has not been studied enough. The purpose is to study different models of presentation of information units and their impact on the process of learning mathematics. The authors developed different models of presentation and primary perception of information units and built an axiomatic theory that helped to systematize and study the influence of different approaches to the presentation of information on teaching mathematics. The article presents a new approach to studying the influence of the order of information presentation on mathematics learning. This has both theoretical and practical significance, since the results of the study can be used to develop more effective methods of teaching mathematics, as well as to improve educational programs. During the study, three options for the presentation of information units and their primary perception were identified: sequential presentation of information units (oral speech), one-time presentation of all units of information with a fixed priority order of their analysis (text message), one-time presentation of all units of information with arbitrary order of their analysis (table, drawing). Each option has a different impact on the effectiveness of teaching mathematics. The authors came to the conclusion that it is important to take into account the order in which information is presented when developing educational programs and methods for teaching mathematics. This allows you to increase the efficiency of the educational process. Keywords: teaching mathematics, information, presentation of information, axiomatic theory | 241 | |||||
| 6763 | The modern labor market requires graduates of professional educational institutions to have certain competencies in their field of specialization. The development of musical thinking, which includes a whole range of professional competencies in the field of musical art, including the field of music and computer technologies, becomes a priority goal in the process of professional training of music teachers. Musical thinking, as a type of specific thinking of a music teacher, allows you to quickly solve various professional problems and understand musical processes. A teacher with a high level of development of musical thinking is able to adapt teaching methods to the individual characteristics of students, promptly identify and respond to their needs and capabilities in the process of educational musical activity, fill the educational process with creative content, thereby arousing interest and maintaining a high level of motivation for students to master educational programs, promoting further professional self-realization. There is an obvious need to introduce innovative teaching methods that contribute to the effective and accessible acquisition of the necessary educational material during the learning process. Due to the fact that musical thinking has many manifestations, methods of activation, as well as assessing the level of its development in students, create a problematic situation in the learning process. As one of these methods, the study will consider the use of multimedia lectures aimed at developing musical thinking in future music teachers, since it is this ability that combines several competency characteristics of a specialist in the field of music and computer technologies. In this regard, this article will be one of the first to present the experience of using multimedia lectures in professional music education to develop students’ musical thinking, as well as the results confirming the effectiveness of this digital didactic technology. As part of the study, criteria and indicators of the presence of musical thinking among future music teachers were determined. An assessment was made of the level of development of musical thinking among students of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University (n=28). The results of a study of the effectiveness of using multimedia lectures in the process of training future music teachers are presented. Keywords: digital technologies, multimedia lecture, musical thinking, professional competencies, music teachers | 234 | |||||
| 6764 | The article analyzes the issue of insufficient learnability in foreign language acquisition. Despite substantial research in pedagogy and psychology, a comprehensive understanding of the causes and mechanisms leading to difficulties in mastering a second language remains underdeveloped. Students at higher technical institutions often encounter challenges in learning English, significantly limiting their professional and academic prospects. These difficulties can be attributed to various factors such as cognitive traits, hemispheric interaction, cultural differences, lack of motivation and time, as well as the influence of traditional educational methodologies, which do not always consider individual student needs. Lateralization of language function in adults significantly affects the processes of perception and processing of linguistic information. Changes in the bioelectrical activity of the brain during the learning of foreign languages reflect the division of activity between hemispheres. Cultural barriers, differences in teaching styles, and the perception of social interactions between cultures act as deep aspects that influence successful learning. The lack of a holistic approach to identifying and eliminating the causes of insufficient teachability leads to a decline in education quality, loss of interest in language study, and, consequently, limits students’ professional opportunities. In the context of globalization and the increasing role of English in international profes sional communication, addressing this issue becomes critically important. This study aims to identify key factors affecting insufficient teachability and to develop recommendations for adapting educational programs to enhance students’ success in learning English and strengthen their international competitiveness. Keywords: learning difficulties, insufficient learnability, success, psychophysiological features, hemispheric interaction, cultural differences | 230 | |||||
| 6765 | The article deals with the problem of formation of professional competencies related to applied and functional aspects of the respective disciplines in a modern teacher of mathematics and physics. Justifications of the necessity to take into account the interrelation between mathematics and physics are given. The authors, emphasizing the logical and substantive interdisciplinary links between physics and mathematics, offer to solve methodological problems, which are illustrated by the example of considering such concepts as «function» and «motion». In accordance with the theoretical analysis of logical and substantive interdisciplinary lines between mathematics and physics, the necessity of coordinated formation of mathematical and physical concepts in the process of teaching students in accordance with specially developed organizational and methodological conditions is substantiated, and the developed program model for mechanics and the levels of its implementation in the practice of teaching students of a pedagogical university are proposed. In this case, the logical and content interdisciplinary lines are determined, first of all, by the presence of common fundamental and applied areas. The development of logical and content lines of interdisciplinary links between mathematics and physics was carried out on the basis of the methodology of systematic review, which allows to exclude subjective approach in interpreting data on the relationship between mathematics and physics, to identify trends in the development of the problem under study and to determine its significant theoretical and applied aspects. This methodology implies the use of a set of complementary methods: qualitative and quantitative analysis in order to identify the relationship between the program content of mathematics and physics; system analysis to identify structural and functional elements in describing the relationship between mathematics and physics; analytical grouping of programmatic teaching material and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of mathematics and physics sections. Implementation of the design of logical and content lines of interdisciplinary links between mathematics and physics was carried out on the basis of the logical approach. At the first stage, based on the practice of teaching students at the pedagogical university, an evidence-based approach to the problem under study was formulated. The selection of program material was carried out on the basis of a special model, for the implementation of which the logical and content lines of interdisciplinary links between mathematics and physics were developed. The systemstructural approach made it possible to develop the levels of program model implementation and develop a system of individual calculation and graphic tasks for training future teachers in a modern pedagogical university. Keywords: teacher, mathematics, physics, teacher professional training, logical and content lines, interdisciplinary links, program model, organizational and methodological conditions, equations of motion of a pointt | 229 | |||||
| 6766 | The article analyzes the current state and existing progressive trends in the development of the Russian language teaching system in Iran. The appeal to this topic is determined by the need for a comprehensive analysis of the needs of the Islamic Republic of Iran in learning the Russian language and in receiving education in Russian by young people. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of Russian language learning, the conditions for its further promotion and, on this basis, to propose a methodology for studying the basic course of the Russian language (substantive and methodological content) within the framework of the general development program “Starting to Learn Russian”. The following research methods were used: analysis and synthesis of scientific sources on the research problem to determine its initial provisions, systematization of data for the analysis and development of organizational and substantive conditions for studying the Russian language in educational institutions of Iran; direct observation, collection of information through purposeful perception and registration of organizational forms of studying the Russian language, analysis and generalization of the pedagogical experience of teachers of the Open Education Center in Tehran. The material for the study was analytical reports on the results of the events held in Iran, as well as the experience of teaching Russian within the framework of the general development program “Starting to Learn Russian”. The conducted analysis of the study of the Russian language in Iran showed that the most popular organizational forms are the course and university formats. In the school education system, the study of the Russian language has not yet received official status, but thanks to the interaction and joint efforts of Russianists of Iran and Russia, preparatory work is being carried out in this direction, in particular, schoolchildren interested in the Russian language are offered optional subjects and general development programs. It seems promising to continue studying the practice of teaching the Russian language at the Center for Open Education in Tehran and transfer this experience to educational organizations of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Keywords: Islamic Republic of Iran, Russian, Russian as a foreign language, organizational forms of learning of the Russian language, introductory phonetic and grammatical course, the initial stage | 227 | |||||
| 6767 | The importance of this study is determined by the need to understand the problem of filling the identified deficits of professional activity among novice teachers of secondary vocational education institutions (SVE) in the context of tutor support, ensuring compliance with the requirements of the federal project “Professionalitet”. The aim of the article is to consider the content of the components of the professional development of novice teachers of SVE and their formation in the context of the implementation of the new educational technology “Professionalitet” through the tutor support technology. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the concept of the new educational technology “Professionalitet”, which is based on an activity-based approach that ensures the formation of a highly qualified specialist who meets the requirements of the relevant industry. Research methods: analysis of the difficulties of the professional activity of novice teachers based on observation, the method of expert assessments, diagnostic interview, questionnaire. The author suggests the following components of the professional development of a novice teacher: motivation and value, reflexive and evaluative, methodological, and a component of the developing interaction between the teacher and students. The content of these components is based on the competencies necessary for the performance of professional pedagogical activity such as subject, communicative, methodological, psychological and pedagogical. Their content is connected with the fulfillment of the requirements of the federal state educational standards of vocational education and the new educational technology “Professionalitet”. The components of professional development are formed while tutoring different groups of novice teachers: specialists from various industries, young professionals with and without pedagogical education. The professional deficits of different groups of novice teachers and the forms of their tutoring are described in the article. The practical significance of this study is related to the possibility of filling the deficits of professional activity of heterogeneous groups of novice teachers of secondary vocational education institutions (SVE) through tutor support of their professional development. The results presented in this article reveal the possibilities of tutor support as a mechanism that ensures not only the transition of teachers to a qualitatively higher level of professional development, but also as a general technological toolkit of the new educational technology “Professionalitet”. Keywords: Federal project “Professionalitet”, new educational technology “Professionalitet”, components of professional development, novice teachers of secondary vocational education institutions (SVE), tutor support | 226 | |||||
| 6768 | The article is devoted to one of the key areas of modern education – project and research activities of schoolchildren. The authors note that in modern pedagogy, research work is defined both as a method of cognition and as the level of mastery of educational material by students. As a consequence, there is a change in the place and role of design and research activities in the Russian education system from an element of extracurricular activities to an integral component of the educational process. In this regard, the authors of the article drew attention to the considerable experience accumulated by schools and various types of educational organizations in the development and implementation of project and research activities. It requires reflection and evaluation. In the article, the authors attempted to give a balanced assessment of the existing experience in research and project activities. First of all, attention is drawn to the reasons for the actualization of design and research activities in Russian education and to the abundance of works devoted to various aspects of the design and research activities of schoolchildren at different stages of education (from the initial stage of school education to high school). At the same time, the authors of the article identified a number of important works that had the greatest impact on solving the problems of organizing students’ design and research activities. The authors of the article focused on typical mistakes that students make when performing research and design work. Based on an analysis of 437 works of students from different regions of Russia, the article presents an analysis of typical errors, a classification of errors is given, and their causes are identified. In the process of analysis, the authors relied on the criteria they developed for evaluating research and design work. The authors of the article do not claim to have a holistic picture, but the classification of errors they propose reflects key deficiencies in the formulation and implementation of design and research activities. The identified typical mistakes that are made by students, and therefore by teachers as work managers, are an opportunity to identify deficiencies in the education system itself. The presented classification of errors can help build a system of work with both students and teachers to eliminate the most common errors. Keywords: educational research, educational project, assessment criteria, classification of errors, key deficits, work system | 226 | |||||
| 6769 | The author studies the problem of modeling the process of developing readiness of students in the field of psychological and pedagogical education to make strategic decisions in the changing cultural and educational space. The purpose of the article is to develop and present a conceptual model of developing readiness of students in the field of psychological and pedagogical education to make strategic decisions, taking into account the features of modeling in the higher education system. The study uses systemic, informational, axiological, activity-based, process-based, cognitive, cultural, neural network approaches. According to the object of the study the author generalizes philosophical, sociological, pedagogical and psychological theorethical ideas. To solve the research problem, the methods of theoretical analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, induction, deduction, analysis of schematic representations of models in education, modeling were used. Based on the analysis of scientific research, it is shown that the process of developing students’ readiness to make strategic decisions in the changing cultural and educational space at this stage of higher education development has been practically not studied, although it is an important psychological, pedagogical and social problem. Taking into account innovative trends in higher education, the goals of modeling have been defined: coordinating expert data and recording internal ideas about the object of research, which is affected by the flow of information revealed through the changing cultural and educational space. It is important that due to these goals, measurable and measured behavior of the individual will be presented. It is suggested that the level of students’ readiness to make strategic decisions in the changing cultural and educational space will qualitatively improve due to the introduction of psychological and pedagogical conditions (development of students’ motivation to accumulate a fund of knowledge about strategic decisions for professional and personal spheres of life, the use of educational influences aimed at harmonizing the individual in achieving success, accumulation of initial experience in making strategic decisions in the changing cultural and educational space). Practical application of this model for bachelor students of psychological and pedagogical education is possible in centers of personal development, organization of educational work of universities. The content of the model of development of readiness of bachelor students of psychological and pedagogical education to make strategic decisions in the changing cultural and educational space is summarized taking into account the features of its formalized description. The model is presented in a schematic form. Keywords: strategic decisions, content of education, forms and methods of education, social processes, modeling in the system of higher education, cultural and educational space | 220 | |||||
| 6770 | The pluricentricity of the English language depends on its contact interaction with other languages and cultures. The purpose of the work is to identify the specifics of the phenomenon of “nativization” on the example of the current state of the English language functioning in Nigeria, through the study of modern mass media, in view of the dialect continuum and multilingualism, based on the dynamic theory of E. Schneider, which postulates a uniform process occurring with a language when it appears in a foreign land. It is established that the Nigerian English tends to the trend of linguistic homogenization. The current state of the studied variant is characterized by the stage of nativization, affecting the phase of endonormative stabilization, in view of written codification of the language, through the publication of Nigerian English Dictionaries and the publication of national literature in Nigerian English. It was revealed that language interference does not occur in a one-dimensional manner, affecting the state of Nigerian English and autochthonous languages. This situation leads to linguistic differentiation when speakers of different ethnic communities adapt English to their own linguistic peculiarities. It is determined that nativization is characteristic of the lexical, syntactic, phonetic levels of Nigerian English functioning in the English-speaking Nigerian media. At the lexical level, high-frequency interchanges of words and expressions occur, both from autochthonous languages into English and vice versa, which leads to situational code-switching among native speakers. Syntactic nativization is characterized by the construction of sentences in Nigerian English in accordance with the syntactic rules of indigenous languages. Phonetic nativization manifests itself in the adaptation of consonants’ system (replacement of consonant sounds with analogues of autochthonous languages) and vocalism’ system (quantitative reduction of vowel). A specific feature of soundpronunciation speech of Nigerian English speakers is observed by using of speech rhythm (or tone), which leads to the syllabic pronunciation of words and the stress shift. Keywords: language contact, nativization, English, Nigerian version of English, Nigerian media | 2 | |||||
| 6771 | The article deals with the problem of religious values expressed in the festive Christian (Orthodox) and Muslim sermons and their functional features. The research is carried out on the Easter Epistles in 2009 and 2014 and the Uraza Bairam sermons in 2009 and 2024. The purpose of the article is to define the functions of the two confessions sermons, to compare and contrast the values expressed in the epistles/sermons. Having analyzed the results of scientific research aimed at religious discourse and the genre of a sermon we define the functions of the sermons as the following: introduction to religion, reinforcement of faith, information for an addressee, edification, value instilling, appeal to self-improvement, uniting into a single community, evaluation of the current situation, emotional appeal. Emotional appeal is an important element in building the value picture of the world. Emotional reaction of the addressee includes empathy which is created during religious communication process. We define the necessary conditions for empathy as belonging to "we-group" and sharing values of an addresser and an addressee. We came to the conclusion that the values expressed in the epistles/sermons are common for both confessions. They are God, faith, eternal life, sticking to the commandments, rituals, positive emotions (love, joy, hope), help and empathy, strength and patience. The difference between the values lies in the fact that Easter is dedicated to Jesus Christ’s feat and believers feel the gratitude for it, Uraza Bairam is the end of the Lent, which presents a certain difficulty for believers and believers have to pay mandatory alms, which is declared in the sermons as a value of self-control and brotherhood with co-religionists. The analyzed epistles/sermons enable us to make conclusions about the functional similarity of the two confessions sermons. Value capability is similar in their core component, which is expressed by different language units. Peripherical values of Christianity and Islam are different due to peculiarities of theology and rituals. Keywords: religious discourse, sermon, values, empathy, emotional appeal | 1 | |||||
| 6772 | X IS X is a compressed judgment construction with homographs of subject and nominal predicate, characteristic of repetitive speech. At first glance, the construction X IS X does not convey any new information and is a meaningless speech act. However, the choice of any speech form is purposeful, serves the purpose of meaning production and is a conscious strategic choice of the language user. Therefore, understanding the meaning of the construct X IS X cannot be derived from its literal meaning alone. Purpose – Based on the conceptual denotative meaning and associative information of lexical units, we try to explain the mechanism of meaning formation of this construction from the point of view of cognitive semantics, interpreting the subjective intentions and discursive meanings of the speaker and opening a new perspective for further research. The linguistic materials of the study are phrases with the construction X IS X from the National Corpus of the Russian Language. To investigate the semantic mechanism of the X IS X construction, we mainly use descriptive and interpretive methods. The polysemantic X in the X IS X construction has the characteristic meaning and contextual meaning of the utterance, and the pre-X provides preconditions and presuppositions for the association of the post-X in the additional attributive meaning, which saves the listener’s time and effort to process the information that is assumed by the ideal cognitive model and context. We can also say that there are three focuses in the instruction X IS X: the syntactic representational focus is the post-X, the semantic focus is the associative information of X, i.e., the additional attributive meaning, and the main focus is the specific connotation in the additional attributive meaning. The ideal cognitive model is the basis for the formation of the additional meaning of X, and the cognitive context plays an important role in identifying and selecting the manifestation and reception of the additional meaning of X. The selected attributive features become the focus of discourse and have a marking character, expressing the speaker’s subjective intention and discursive meaning. The interpretation of the meaning of the structure X IS X is based on the conceptual denotative meaning of discourse, activating the associative information of lexical units in the cooperation of the ideal cognitive model and cognitive contexts, addressing the features of the present in the meaning of additional attributes, and then deriving the rich discursive meaning of the structure. Keywords: cognitive semantics, X IS X, repeated judgment construction, discourse, connotation, ideal cognitive model | 1 | |||||
| 6773 | Contemporary linguistic research highlights the significance of cultural and sociolinguistic aspects in language study, making the analysis of lexical-phraseological means in Russian as a Foreign Language (RFL) textbooks particularly relevant. Examining how linguistic means shape the image of a Russian person allows for a deeper understanding of the interaction between linguistic structures and cultural representations. This article investigates how lexical-phraseological means are used in RFL textbooks to construct the image of a Russian person. The study uses text fragments from educational materials as the empirical basis for analysis. The empirical base was developed through lexical-phraseological analysis, which reveals how various linguistic units contribute to the construction of cultural and sociocultural concepts. The research employs content analysis and semantic study techniques to systematize and interpret phraseological and lexical units reflecting perceptions of a Russian person. The study identifies linguistic means characteristic of the examined texts, demonstrating both stereotypical and multifaceted images. Notably, the analysis supports the theoretical model concerning the influence of phraseological units on the perception of cultural stereotypes. Researchers note that phraseological constructions in textbooks not only convey information about cultural and sociocultural features but also shape cognitive schemas in learners, which can either promote a deeper understanding of cultural realities or reinforce simplified or distorted images. RFL textbooks address various aspects of Russian life, such as traditions, daily life, and social norms, allowing students to develop a more comprehensive understanding of native speakers. The results show that lexical-phraseological means in RFL textbooks serve not only to convey linguistic information but also to create cognitive and cultural constructs that shape foreign students’ perceptions of a Russian person. Therefore, the article demonstrates how theoretical approaches to analyzing linguistic means help reveal the mechanism of constructing the image of a Russian person in RFL textbooks, emphasizing the importance of lexical-phraseological constructions in cultural socialization and intercultural understanding. Keywords: lexical-phraseological means, image of a Russian person, stereotypes, linguistic semantics, intercultural perception | 1 | |||||
| 6774 | The development of innovative systems for processing and providing information is inseparably linked with the emergence of new vocabulary in any language. The digital environment or cyberspace has recently become the most productive area for the formation of new vocabulary. Blending is one of the most effective ways of word formation in cyberspace, and the mass media are considered as a fast channel for the penetration of this new vocabulary into language. French newspapers aimed at a wide readership served us as the material for the study. The empirical base of the study was formed by using the means of random sampling. The study of lexical units was carried out within limits of telescoped words with the “cyber” element. The etymological analysis of the “cyber” element of the new French telescoped units proved its origin from the English semantic neologism “cybernetics”, which comes from the Greek word “kybernetike”. The study of telescoped words bylexical meanings, morphological features and grammatical categories made it possible to develop six models of blend words. The first model of telescoped units is the most widespread in the language of modern French journalism. It is based on combination of two nouns. The first noun contains the element “cyber” in the initial position with the truncation of the second element of the word, and the second noun is represented by the full form. The category of the genre of newly formed blend words depends on the second component. In this case the genre depends on the noun represented in its full form. The second model includes telescoped words formed from three nouns, with the truncation of the second elements of each component. The “cyber” element occupies the middle position. The third model of telescoped units combines two nouns followed by truncation of the second element for each word. The “cyber” element is in the initial position. The fourth model is characterized by the blending of two nouns with truncated final elements. “Cyber” element is situated in the initial position of the second component. The fifth model is formed by nouns, the first part of which contains the initial element “cyber”, and the second one is represented by a word borrowed from another language. The sixth model of telescoped words was formed by combining the noun with the element “cyber” in the initial position and the past participle. The telescoped units represented by the attribute expressed by the past participle are formed as a result of the combination of these words. Keywords: cyberspace, blending, telescoped units, telescopedwords (blend words), word formation, journalism | 1 | |||||
| 6775 | The article examines the preservation of synesthesia, a specific type of metaphor, in the English and French translations of I.S. Turgenev’s novel "A Nest of Gentry". As a literary device that generates figurative meaning, synesthesia is integral to the expressive structure of this literary work. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the translators in conveying this expressive element in the English and French versions of the novel. The material of the study includes six English and three French translations of the novel "A Nest of Gentry" by W. Ralston (1869), M. Hapgood (1903), C. Garnet (1917), B. Isaacs (1947), R. Freeborn (1970), M. Pursglove (2016), as well as C. Sollohoub (1862), M. Lichnevski (1927) and F. Flamant (1982). The methodological foundation of this study is comprised of a range of general scientific and specialized methods, including logical approaches (such as analysis, comparison, abstraction, and generalization), a functional method aimed at identifying elements of the linguistic repertoire within spoken language, and component analysis intended to examine the content components of linguistic structures. The objective of this study is to identify and analyze convergent examples of the synaesthetic element reconstruction within the text of the novel. For each original expression that falls within the category of imagery-creating means, multiple translation alternatives are documented in the translations and evaluated against the original expression based on selected criteria for assessing translation quality—namely, adequacy and convergence. The application of these criteria is essential for comparing the original expression with specific translation solutions: a translation is considered adequate if it faithfully reproduces the semantics of the original statement, thereby focusing on the reconstruction of the substantive component of the original means of expression. Convergence, on the other hand, is defined as the preservation of the functional aspect of the expression; in the context of synesthesia, this pertains to the figurative attribute of the original expression. The object of this study is the reconstruction of synesthesia in the English and French translations of the novel, while the subject pertains to the evaluation of the effectiveness of translation strategies concerning synesthesia in terms of the equivalence of tropes across the compared languages. The analysis of the reconstruction of synesthesia in the English and French translations of I.S. Turgenev’s novel "A Nest of Gentry" encompasses the following aspects: the selection of translation strategies employed by translators to convey synesthesia, considering the linguistic differences and cultural nuances of the languages in question; the retention or loss of imagery in the translations; and the impact of the chosen translation solutions on the reader’s perception. The study’s results reveal that all nine translators of I.S. Turgenev’s novel The "A Nest of Gentry" into English and French encounter specific challenges in conveying synesthesia. In some instances, translators present inadequate or divergent translation solutions, resulting in either a partial or complete loss of imagery and emotional impact from the original text. The selection of linguistic means in the translations depends on the translators’ understanding of the implicit meaning of the source expression, while the consistency in the choice of linguistic units by certain translators often appears to be mere coincidence. Evaluating the success rate of synesthesia reconstruction in the English and French translations indicates that only four out of the five selected instances of synesthesia underwent reconstruction. Considering the overall number of analyzed translations, the study examined a total of forty-five reconstructions, of which sixteen were identified as coherent. This finding represents only 35 % of the total number of translations reviewed. The most effective translation solutions are provided by B. Isaacs, who achieved successful reconstruction in three out of five instances. R. Freeborn, M. Lichnevski, and F. Flamant successfully reconstructed two out of the five analyzed synesthesia. Both R. Freeborn and F. Flamant made one error in translation that involved a distortion of meaning. In contrast, K. Garnett, M. Pursglove, and F. Hapgood managed to reconstruct only one of the five expressions without committing any translation errors. Notably, K. Garnett demonstrates a tendency to operate at the pragmatic level of translation, prioritizing the preservation of the original meaning while avoiding attempts to imitate the author’s literary style and minimizing comprehension errors. Keywords: reconstruction, means of creating imagery, metaphor, synesthesia, convergence, divergence, coherence, adequacy, I.S. Turgenev “A Nest of Gentry”, translation, English, French | 1 | |||||
| 6776 | In an era of rapid scientific and technological progress, operating instructions, which are part of the technical documentation, play an important role. Accurate translation of such texts helps to prevent operational errors that can lead to injuries and accidents. The need for quality and fast translation of technical texts determine the relevance of the undertaken research. Analysing the quality of machine translation helps to improve information processing algorithms, which leads to higher translation accuracy. The aim of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of machine translation and professional translation of technical texts from English into Russian on the example of operating instructions. In the course of the research the following main tasks were solved: studying the classification of machine translation systems, genre-stylistic and lexico-grammatical features of technical texts, classification of machine translation errors; carrying out a comparative analysis of machine and professional translations of texts of operating instructions; revealing the frequency of occurrence and the nature of translation errors in machine translation. The material of the study is the texts of the operating instructions of medical equipment in English and Russian languages, namely mobile ultrasound diagnostic systems ACUSON X600 and ACUSON X700 produced by Siemens. Machine translation of the selected material was performed using the online translation services Yandex Translator and Google Translate. The work uses general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, generalisation, classification, quantitative method, as well as linguistic methods: descriptive, comparative, method of contextual analysis of translation. The most common are: violations related to the denotative content of the text; errors that distort the semantic content of the original text; errors that reduce the accuracy of conveying the semantic content of the original text; violations in conveying the functional, stylistic or genre features of the original text; calquing the original; violations related to the design requirements for this type of texts, lexical and grammatical norms of the translating language, orthography and punctuation, conveyance of specific types of the given text. The least numerous group of errors are violations of conveying the expressive background of the original and the author’s evaluation. Keywords: machine translation, translation of technical texts, translation of instructions, translation, translation errors, translation quality, machine translation systems | 1 | |||||
| 6777 | The author of this article analyzes the verbative synlexes – stable, composite units, which are the functional analogues of verbs and have the property of stylistic and expressive neutrality. The theoretical base of this study is the writings of linguists like Z.N. Levit, V.N. Teliya, G.I. Klimovskaya, E.N. Laguzova and others. Novelty of re search consists in choice of the source of the material – "Vershinino’s dictionary" in which an old-timer dialect of some villages in Tomsk region is recorded. Verbative synlexes are represented in this dictionary in status of phraseological units or illustrative material for the vocabulary entries. The author of this article identifies 353 verbative synlexes in the dictionary and – as a result of the analysis of them – makes the following conclusions: in Vershinino’s dialect speaking all-Russian verbative synlexes prevail. They are presented in their original form, or as dialect variants (phonetic, morphological); verbative synlexes in Vershinino’s dialect are formed by three main structural models: verb + noun in accusative case, verb + на + noun in accusative case, verb + в + noun in accusative case; in the formation of the verbative synlexes dialect speakers use numerous verbs, of which the most common are the verbs delat’/sdelat’/izdelat’, davat’/dat’, brat’/vzyat’ (for all-Russian synlexes) and the verbs khodit’, idti/ poiti, delat’/sdelat’ (for dialect units); verbative synlexes enter into relationships of synonymy and antonymy with each other. More often they are variants for each other; verbative synlexes are assigned to the various lexical and semantic groups and reflect different aspects of folk life; transformative potential of the verbative synlexes is implemented by using adjectives. Keywords: verbative synlexes, complex description, dialect dictionary, Siberian dialect | 1 | |||||
| 6778 | The conceptual and terminological apparatus of modern cognitive linguistics requires clarification in terms of its relationship with textual (discursive) activity, in which the content and structure of the key concepts of cognitive linguistics are manifested. This is especially relevant in connection with the modern cognitive-discursive scientific paradigm, which is characterized by tendencies towards integration with related fields of knowledge, including psycholinguistics, text and discourse theory. The purpose of the article is to develop a model of the structure of the concept in terms of its connection with textual activity, and it based on the theory of archetypes by K.G. Jung and the theoretical basis of communicative stylistics of the text. The research material included scientific articles and monographs devoted to the history of the issue. The article uses the general scientific descriptive method and techniques of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, classification and modeling. In considering the connection between the concept and textual activity, the theory and methodology of communicative stylistics of the text is used. Complex multi-layered and multi-level structure, cultural essence and field nature is common in the interpretation of the concept by researchers is the recognition of its mental nature. At the same time, modeling the structure of the concept requires clarification in terms of reflecting the universal and unique in it. Studying the concept model is especially important for primary and secondary textual activity, which reflects the concept and its components. Reliance on the theory of archetypes by K.G. Jung allows deeper understanding of the nature of the concept with an emphasis on the sphere of the collective unconscious and the theory of individualization, important for communication based on textual activity. The model of the structure of the concept from the point of view of the reflection of the universal and individual in it can be conditionally presented as a system of layers with the identification of the archetypal layer as the nuclear one. The concept model proposed by the author includes the nuclear zone, the near-nuclear, pre-nuclear and peripheral zones. The core zone of the concept is made up of an archetype, which is universal for most people; it is associated with the sphere of the unconscious, with “generational memory” and determines the remaining zones of the concept thanks to various associations assigned to the archetype. The adjacent zone includes associative, figurative and symbolic layers, stimulated by the corresponding nominee of the concept – the sign (signs) used in the discursive (textual) activity of the community. The pre-nuclear zone includes the subject and conceptual layers of the concept, associated with the process of awareness by the community and the individual of the features of the reality of the surrounding world or consciousness corresponding to the nominated concept. The value-evaluative layer (interpretative) is assigned to the peripheral zone of the concept, which reflects not only the connection with collective memory, but also the process of individualization based on a person’s personal linguistic and social experience. The use of the concept model proposed within the framework of communicative stylistics of the text allows us to specify the methodology of conceptual analysis from the point of view of differentiating the universal and the individual in the content and structure of the concept. This is important for the semantic interpretation of the content of both individual concepts verbalized in texts and for the conceptual structure of the text as a whole. Modeling a concept and studying its implementation in a text is of interest for cognitive linguistics, text theory and communicative stylistics. Keywords: concept, hyperconcept, concept structure model, text activity, conceptual structure of the text, communicative stylistics | ||||||
| 6779 | Identification of stylistic dominants in a literary text is an important component of philological analysis. Along with the peculiarities of poetics of different directions, we can talk about the uniqueness of the style of both the author and the artwork. The analysis of various stylistic dominants allows you to more accurately determine the theme and idea of the work, to reveal the subtext. Meanwhile, stylistic dominants in the works of Silver Age authors have not been studied enough, and there is no unified classification of stylistic dominants. The purpose of the article is to identify the stylistic dominants of the authors’ representation of the subtext, depending on their affiliation to a particular trend and literary association. The research methodology is comprehensive, it is based on the use of comparative, discursive, semantic, stylistic, biographical analysis and is based on the theory of regularity, developed in the communicative stylistics of the text. The research material includes works by poets of various genres: symbolists, acmeists, futurists. For a comparative analysis, the works of several poets representing not only the trends of the Silver Age, but also various literary associations are taken: senior (the period of the late 19th century) and junior symbolists (the period of the early 20th century); three circles of acmeists (according to the degree of involvement in the poetics of acmeists); cubofuturists (V.V. Mayakovsky and others) and egofuturists (And. The Northerner). In the 20th century, the search for new ways to reflect the real world is not limited to substantive changes, but also requires formal transformations in the language of various literary trends and unique poetic associations. Often, form becomes more important to authors than content, which leads to the emergence of a wide variety of literary techniques and means of expression in their works. In the literary works of this period, one can find the original use of stylistic resources in the field of phonetics and graphics, vocabulary and phraseology, morphology and syntax. The aesthetic attitudes of each literary trend required different stylistic dominants in the representation of the subtext. By stylistic dominance, we mean the use of various regulatory linguistic and extralinguistic means or their combinations, which determine the uniqueness of the author’s idiosyncrasy and reflect his original speech style and worldview. Literary trends of the Silver Age are distinguished by unique, sometimes contradictory qualities and stylistic dominants that can reveal the subtext in different ways. It is established that the choice of stylistic dominants depends on many factors, starting from the historical literary process and ending with the peculiarities of each poet’s biography. Taking into account the dominance of certain ideological and thematic features among the authors of different literary trends, the article examines different types of subtext and regulatory means of their representation at the level of stylistic dominants. Symbolists especially often use color and sound painting to create unique images saturated with symbolism. In the poetic worldview of the symbolists, the concepts of loneliness, longing and longing are often found. Given the place of religious philosophy in the poetics of the Symbolists, we can talk about the predominance of philosophical and religious overtones in their poetry. Acmeists use precise words and allusions to various events and works of literature. As stylistic dominants, representatives of this trend are usually characterized by lexical means of representing mythological and cultural overtones, taking into account the ideological and thematic orientation of their works. Futurists often experiment with the form, changing the graphic and phonetic form of the word. Each futuristic association has its own unique features. Cubo- and egofuturists stand out in particular. Using various transformations of lexical, word-formation, graphic and syntactic means as stylistic dominants, the poets actualized philosophical and social subtexts. Keywords: subtext, stylistic dominants, regulatory means, representation of subtext, Silver Age, symbolism, acmeism, futurism | ||||||
| 6780 | The shift in the focus of modern education from the formation of general educational competencies to the development of functional literacy is determined by one of the trends in the educational sphere. It seems possible to consider the phenomenon of linguocreativity as one of the parameters of functional literacy, since the communicative, activity and thinking components of this phenomenon are related to the general educational competence aimed at developing communicative skills and implying the ability to solve life problems in various fields of activity based on applied knowledge. The aim of the article is to define lexical, word-formation and grammatical means of implementing linguistic creativity in the oral and written speech of philology students and description of the parameters of the phenomenon of linguistic creativity in the aspect of functional literacy of future teachers of the Russian language. The study of contexts containing means of actualization of linguistic creativity includes the use of structural-semantic analysis, content analysis, the experimental method using the technology of diagnostics of verbal creativity developed by T.A. Gridina. The material of the study is contexts containing occasional vocabulary compiled by students of the Faculty of History and Philology of TSPU; materials of an online questionnaire; contexts with occasionalisms extracted by the method of continuous sampling from the NKRYA, the novel by D. Rubina «Babiy Veter» and the series of novels by J. Rowling about Harry Potter, poems by M. Lvov, A. Voznesensky, E. Yevtushenko. During the linguistic experiment it was established that the contexts created by the students in the conditions of a specific task are distinguished by a standardized nature, due to the presence of an external locus of control, a given model for word production and the conscious use of the technique of language play; expressiveness; the use of various (usual and nonusual) methods of word formation, among which the productive ones are contamination, hendiadys, substitution, suffixation, addition; the creation of unexpected combinations of linguistic means; the presence of different types of occasional vocabulary. The results of the conducted diagnostics of verbal creativity indicate that the participants of the experiment have developed the ability to produce the author’s occasionalism according to the prototype model, taking into account the contextual predeterminedness. A high percentage of coincidence of the reconstructed lexemes with the author’s is noted along with the production of their own occasionalisms (27 %). The ability of a native speaker to use linguistic means in the process of speech production and textual activity in word creation, while using non-usual methods of word production, realizing the associative and derivational potential of language units, supplementing the semantics of lexemes with new shades of meaning, is one of the indicators of the formation of the functional literacy of this speaker, which is related to the basic principles of linguocreativity. The criteria indicating a sufficient level of development of functional literacy in philology students, manifested in the ability for verbal creativity, are developed self-control of speech; a high level of development of linguistic reflection; readiness and need to use the capabilities of language in order to reduce the predictability of the text and enrich it with content; a tendency to transfer the ability to demonstrate linguistic creativity to free speech activity. Keywords: linguistic creativity, functional literacy, occasionalism, linguistic experiment, text activity | ||||||
| 6781 | The literary tradition of the religious and philosophical study of N.V. Gogol’s novel "The Overcoat" is mainly associated with the identification of evangelical images, motifs, plots (e.g., allusions to the parables of the marriage feast, about the rich man and Lazarus, etc.), as well as components of the hagiographic text (primarily, the lives of St. Acacius of Sinai, as well as St. martyr Acacius). The purpose of the article is to consider the semantic dominants of the story in the context of the epistles of the Apostle Paul, whose personality and theology had a significant impact on Gogol’s worldview and creativity. In the "The Overcoat" there are motifs letter – spirit, old – new, etc., which go back to the apostolic text. The letter – spirit antithesis is not just a background motif of the story, but forms a microplot of writing inside the plot about the official, which is formed with the help of such semantic nodes as the writing person, text, letter. Bashmachkin’s "Official for writing" exists in a world of text that breaks down into letters and is devoid of meaning. His focus on the service of the letter and indifference to everything else, including the spiritual world, correlates with the antithesis of the dead letter – life-giving spirit indicated by the Apostle Paul. The binary oppositions old – new, "inner man" – "outer man", emphasized in the epistles of the Apostle Paul, define the core of Gogol’s artistic anthropology, which asserts the idea of spiritual formation and spiritual choice of man. In this regard, the plot of Bashmachkin is read as a story about the tragic fall of a man from his high destiny, as a story about a man who did not make the transition from a sinful existence to a meaningful existence in the spirit. Keywords: N.V. Gogol, "The Overcoat", the Apostle Paul, apostolic text, St. Petersburg text, the plot of the letter, the plot about the official, letter, word, text, scriptwriter, "little man" | ||||||
| 6782 | The article examines translations of Yevgeny Yevtushenko’s poem “Babi Yar” into English in seven anthologies published from 1962 to 2008. The relevance of the study is determined by both the high interest of Western readers, publishers and translators in the novelty and brightness of the artistic form of the poem in combination with the unusual theme for a Soviet author (exposing anti-Semitism in the Soviet Union) and the importance of studying the special possibilities of the type of examined publications (anthologies) in terms of creating an image of a foreign author and work, as well as influencing its perception by the reader. The majority of English translations of the poem were published in the 1960s, close to the time of its writing; the republication of an earlier translation in 2008 testifies to the continuing interest in the poem. The aim of this study is to examine the translation reception of the poem “Babi Yar” in the English-speaking world, including translation strategies and approaches that influence reader’s perception. The objectives of the study were achieved through a comprehensive analysis of the material, including historical and cultural, comparative, motive and figurative and imagological methods and approaches. The corpus of English translations of the poem “Babi Yar” is identified. The features of English publishing strategies in relation to the poem are analyzed, including the attitude to Russia, its literature, culture and social processes, as well as to Russian poets and writers of the “thaw” period, indicated in paratextual elements (introduction, conclusion, articles about the author, publisher’s commentary). The description of the artistic and aesthetic properties of the original text of the poem “Babi Yar” is presented, a comparative analysis of the original poem and its translations into English is carried out. The artistic and aesthetic features of each translation are described, and different translators’ approaches to the translated material are revealed. Conclusions are made about the belonging of translations to a certain type (free translation, replacing the basic imagery; interlinear translation, aimed at maximum semantic correspondence to the original; equivalent translation, striving to comprehensively convey the artistic and aesthetic features of the original) and their possible influence on reader’s perception. Keywords: poem “Babi Yar”, anthology, translation reception, publishing strategy, paratext, Ye. Yevtushenko | ||||||