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4201 | In this article we consider such notions as “speech strategy” and “speech tactic”. Based on the Cooperative Principle and the Politeness Principle speech strategies are divided into cooperative and non-cooperative ones. We analyze the tactic of explication of doubt as a means of realization of speech strategies. Speech strategy is defined as a set of speech actions directed at achieving speaker’s goal. We prove that gaining liking from others, friendship’s support, acquiring information, consolation and calming other people strategies, realized by the tactic of explication of doubt, are cooperative ones. Defamation and persuasion strategies, realized by this tactic, are non-cooperative ones, while speech tactic is one or some speech actions which help to implement a strategy. Keywords: speech strategy, speech tactic, the Cooperative Principle, the Politeness Principle, cooperative and non-cooperative strategies, tactic of explication of doubt | 1144 | |||||
4202 | The article considers the formation of “professional competence” term. Corresponding psychological and pedagogical literature was reviewed, correlative terms were analyzed. On the basis of information received the correlation between terms “professionalism”, “professional readiness” and “professional competency” was revealed and presented. Also, scheme presenting correlation of above mentioned terms was introduced. Specific features of professional competency of teachers working with disabled children were considered and analyzed. The structure of professional competency of such teachers was determined and presented in tabular form. Major components of professional competency revealing through three aspects: cognitive, practical and personal were identified and presented. Relation of these components formation ensures professional readiness of a teacher who works with disabled children. Keywords: professionalism, pedagogical excellence, professional readiness, professional competency, children with disabilities | 1144 | |||||
4203 | The article discusses social entrepreneurship as a new phenomenon in the field of studies of educational activities. Theoretical appeal to the capabilities of the network approach to the development of socio-entrepreneurial competence as an educational outcome is urgent. The author proves the point of view that the forms of educational support of young people during the process of entering social and entrepreneurial activities become forms that accompany formation of the community in the social network. These forms provide both preparation of a person for this type of activity and formation of social entrepreneurship as a special value that unites and determines forms of the community members’ life. The article considers possibilities of the project approach and anthropological content of the network model of education for establishing subjects of social entrepreneurship, and youth communities as subjects of development of social and entrepreneurial activity of the region. Discusses the possibility of the project approach and the anthropological content of the network model of education for the development of the subjects of social entrepreneurship, youth communities as subjects of development of socio-entrepreneurial activities in the region. The practical value of the research is in identification of the stages of development of socio-entrepreneurial competences of young people as well as in the study of social networks as a unique condition for formation and existence of a community network of young people, which solves the tasks aimed to implement local social and business communities. These stages underlay the program of educational support aimed to develop social and entrepreneurial competence of young people. Keywords: education, network approach, social entrepreneurship, competence | 1144 | |||||
4204 | Yiddish, the language of Ashkenazic Jews, arose about ten centuries ago as a result of contact with various dialects of Medieval German. Of all the Germanic languages, Yiddish looks least Germanic: it uses a Hebrew alphabet and is read from right to left, and its grammar and lexicon have undergone considerable influence not only from Hebrew and Aramaic, but also from various Slavic languages. Between 1890 and 1920 millions of Jews from Central and Eastern Europe boarded ships for America. They were fleeing the tragic events that shook the Old World. So Yiddish language and culture began its journey on a new continent. Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia were among the cities where Yiddish theaters, newspapers, and book publishers thrived. A Yiddish vaudeville sprang up, featuring performers who could switch in the blink of an eye from dances and funny jokes to sentimental songs. The heart of the culture lay in New York, where Second Avenue acquired the nickname “the Yiddish Broadway.” Yiddish words were quick to enrich American English - words like bagel, bupkes, chutzpah, klutz, schlemiel, schlep, schmuck, tchotchke, etc. Many words and phrases from Yiddish you can encounter today in American books, magazines, newspapers; or hear on television or radio, in movies or nightclubs; or may overhear on the street in many cities in the United States. The borrowings from Yiddish include specific ethnic and religious terms, words of conversational speech, pejorative words and terms of Jewish cuisine. Keywords: Yiddish, borrowings, English, religious terms, words of conversational speech, pejorative words, Jewish cuisine terms | 1144 | |||||
4205 | Based on the letters and memoirs of N. V. Shelgunov, V. O. Kovalevsky, N. G. Chernyshevsky and modern critical works, the phenomenon of emergence of marriage of convenience in Russia is considered. Untypical family models with a new attitude towards women are being investigated. The gender approach reveals a gradual change in the public consciousness of the role of women in the family and society. The article analyzes historical preconditions for the emergence of such a cultural phenomenon as marriage of convenience. The real implementation of the theory of “reasonable egoism”, proclaimed by N. G. Chernyshevsky in the novel “What Is to Be Done?”, is being studied. On the examples of family life of M. A. Obrucheva – P. I. Bokov, L. P. Mikhaelis – N. V. Shelgunov, S. V. Kovalevskaya – V. O. Kovalevsky and others, the fate of the participants of the love experiment can be traced. In the opinion of N. G. Chernyshevsky and his followers, a woman in marriage should not only obtain equal with a man rights, but also freedom. She can control her feelings. At the same time, men are liberators, by means of marriage helping a woman to avoid domestic despotism or giving an opportunity to get an education. In Russia the model of behavior of a noble man was conditioned by his desire to take responsibility for a woman, deprived of the civil rights by the society. N. G. Chernyshevsky showed what a decent person in Russia should do, without going beyond the framework of “reasonable egoism”. That is, in the conditions of social injustice, a man had to make up and give a woman what she did not receive from the society. The model of the noble altruistic behavior of a man firmly entered the consciousness and was developed by the part of the youth who shared the ideas of radicalism. Keywords: N. G. Chernyshevsky, the novel “What Is to Be Done?”, marriage of convenience, the Shelgunov family, memories, Sophia and Vladimir Kovalevsky, gender studies | 1144 | |||||
4206 | The article contains a fragment of the analysis of the semantics of the derivatives of dialect verbs of speech with the aim of studying the pragmatic aspects of linguistic meaning. Classification of dialectal verbs is carried out in accordance with the classification of lexico-semantic groups of commonly used Russian verbs. Cognitive models are defined in the formation of characterizing actions associated with speech activity. Examples of propositions of verbs are given. It is established that characterizing verbs of this group can have mono- and polypropositive structures. It turned out that for the nomination of situations related to the speech activity of people, the subject of the proposition is relevant. It was determined that one of the propositions of the verbs can reflect the objective properties of the named action, the other can be the result of evaluating these properties. It turned out that the evaluation is contained in the derived verbs formed from the estimated nouns or arises in the process of word formation on the basis of the metaphor. Actual for carriers of dialects are LSG verbs of verbal communication and LSG verbs of speech influence. Dialectal verbs usually reflect a conflict situation. To form these verbs, metaphorical models are used, complicated by the Fictitious modality and the emotional modality. Emotional assessment is able to influence the interlocutor. The presence of metaphorical names is explained by the anthropocentricity of the group and the special discourse. It turned out that for the speakers, the dialect is characterized by a negative attitude toward meaningless, unproductive, verbose arguments; to the moral discredit of the interlocutor (semes “scold”, “gossip”). Such qualities as intelligence, ability to convey information in a clear and accessible form are valued. Keywords: proposition, semantics, speech activity, derived word, dialectal vocabulary, metaphorical model, evaluative vocabulary, subjective modality, idiomaticity | 1144 | |||||
4207 | Introduction. The content of school subjects is the most important factor in the intellectual development of students. Accordingly, the question arises about the requirements for a modern textbook in the framework of the psychodidactic approach. The aim of the article is to develop a typology of developing educational texts aimed at enriching various forms of mental experience of students. Material and methods. The study was based on the analysis of the psychological characteristics of the intellectual education of students in the framework of the psychodidactic approach, based on the psychological and pedagogical substantiation of the polyfunctionality of modern educational mathematics materials. Results and discussion. The concept of developing educational text is introduced. The specificity of developing educational texts lies in the fact that they, being a projection of the structure of scientific mathematical knowledge, at the same time, firstly, ensure the formation of the main components of a student’s mental experience (including cognitive, conceptual, metacognitive and intentional experience) and, secondly, create conditions for the manifestation and formation of individual cognitive styles of students. Such an educational text should be built as some multidimensional semantic space (hypertext), its structure, along with its “core” (certain subject information), includes context and subtext. The typology of developing educational texts (the study of school mathematics) developed on the basis of the ontological theory of intelligence is presented. Examples of educational texts of different types in the course of mathematics of the basic school are given. Conclusion. The implementation of a complex of developing educational texts creates conditions for increasing the level of understanding of educational mathematical material and the growth of intellectual resources of students by enriching the main components of their mental (mental) experience – cognitive, conceptual, metacognitive, intentional (emotional-evaluative). Keywords: learning, school mathematics, psychodidactics, developing educational text, mental (cognitive, conceptual, metacognitive, intentional) experience, intellectual development | 1144 | |||||
4208 | . | 1143 | |||||
4209 | The role of popular educational societies of naturalists and doctors at the Tomsk Imperial University, Siberian engineers, the Tomsk Department of the Russian Technical Society, legal society, the society of studying Siberia is represented in the paper in development of cultural processes in the Tomsk prov-ince in the period of XIX-XX centuries. | 1143 | |||||
4210 | Thus, it is prowed that rhizotorphine efficiency in pea, clower and alfalfa sowing on grey forest soil of the Tomsk Region varies greatly. The greatest effect of artificial inoculation was received in alfa growing. | 1143 | |||||
4211 | The problems of the humanistic component's in¬tensification at the general and professional levels are investigated in the article. The author shows belonging of the deep roots and the problems of the modern so¬ciety to the humanistic sphere. | 1143 | |||||
4212 | The question about significance of correspondence between Elagina and Zhukovsky for understanding of development patterns of moral, philosophical and aesthetic thought of the first half of 19th century and peculiarities of Zhukovsky's romanticism is put on a new archival material. The problem of a spatial conception in letters by Elagina is viewed in philosophical and aesthetic aspects. | 1143 | |||||
4213 | The peat formation is the permanent process of mire phytomass transformation to a peat. This transformation has some stages. In an initial stage new phytomass is produced, the next phase is the dying off of the living phytomass, the third stage is the dead phytomass transformation into a mire litter and the last one is a peat formation from a litter. The quantitative elemental composition of the organic matter at the different stages of this process is distinctive. We compared the elemental composition of living and dead phytomass, the litter and the peat for two mires and three Sphagnum species. It has been shown that the change pattern of chemical composition of organic matter seems to be identical | 1143 | |||||
4214 | In the article the realized research on the revealing of pedagogical and psychological conditions of formation of educational identity in professionalization and stabilization of mental health of teacher-graduates, existential dialogue as the psychological criterion of readiness for selfdevelopment and innovative activity in the morden conditions of education is discussed. Selfmonitoring in the context of the realized research is considered as the begining of reflection over existential sense of pedagogical profession. Formation of existential dialogue in the structure of educational identity can be organized in the conditions of engineering of educational environment by means of pedagogical training with elements of balintovskiy sessions and gestalt. Keywords: education, existential pedagogy, management of educational process, quality of education, selfmonitoring, reflection, pedagogical training | 1143 | |||||
4215 | The article analyses the problem of forming the new type of a teacher and sets the task of forming that type of a worker for few complement schools of Tomsk region Keywords: the staff resource, modernization offew complement schools, analysis of the staff in few complement schools | 1143 | |||||
4216 | . | 1143 | |||||
4217 | The possibilities of applying an elitological approach to the study of historical and pedagogical phenomena are analyzed in the article. The essence of elite as a characteristic of family upbringing and home education is disclosed. On that basis the processes of formation of the merchant elite under conditions of the family upbringing and home education in Russia in the 19th century are investigated; the content, organization, traditions of the best (high class, elite) patterns of the home education and family upbringing in the families of merchants are revealed; the criteria of description of the characteristic features of these pedagogical processes are singled out; the genesis of the elite upbringing traditions in merchant families are traced. Keywords: family upbringing, home education, elite | 1143 | |||||
4218 | This paper presents the analysis of the networking in the formation of operational and motivational components of professional teaching competence of future teachers. Keywords: networking, teaching practice, professional pedagogical competence | 1143 | |||||
4219 | In the article the authors analysed the axiological profile of the concept oil in language consciousness of inhabitants of Baku based on the material of the analysis of the linguistic experiment results. In comparison with “oil centrism”, inherent in mentality of inhabitants of Strezhevoy (Tomsk region), the Bakiners are not so categorical and perceive oil as a basis of progressive humanistic transformations. Keywords: axiological profile of a concept, regional picture of the world, media concept oil, linguistic experiment | 1143 | |||||
4220 | The article analyses the relation between metaphysics and ethics in the stoic philosophy. The author shows the dependence of the theory of suicide on fundamental ideas about the nature of the cosmos. The thesis of subordination of individual existence to principles of the global process leads eventually to the adoption of self-destructive programme in the individual life. The ethics of stoicism is not able to really oppose the person to circumstances. Therefore it inevitably reduces the individual activity to meet the requirements of the “state of affairs” – until the termination of their own lives in those cases, when it is the “state of affairs” will be read by sage as the terminal prescription of natural logos. Keywords: philosophical anthropology, stoicism, wisdom, nature, ethics, suicide | 1143 | |||||
4221 | The article considers the role and place of the visual text in religious rituals, its interaction with other elements of the religious ritual and the role of the broadcast of religion in the cultural environment. On the example of Orthodoxy we deal with the visual text in the structure of religious ritual, aspects of its interaction with the verbal text, the role of visual text in spreading the religion. The conclusion is made about the indissoluble unity of the visual text with other elements in the religious ritual, dynamic interaction with them, as well as the priority role of the visual text in the translation of religion in culture. Keywords: religious ritual, visual text, verbal text, sacred space, religious culture, Orthodoxy | 1143 | |||||
4222 | The paper shows that the humanization of modern education is addressed to the creation of such a system is the organization of the educational process, which allows to make training an integral part of identity formation. The implementation of the principle of humane education involves the formation of the broad humanistic culture. The main mechanism of the formation of such culture can be the realization of the essential properties of the formation: the formation of a harmonious, highly moral and spiritual personality. Keywords: education, identity , spirituality , competence, humanistic culture , humanistic expertise | 1143 | |||||
4223 | The articl contains theoretical analysis of the problems of physical education of net-generation students The existing system of physical education meets with some important setbacks of net-generation students. The issues of design and implementation of educational technology with the use of complex of recreational aerobics. The paper shows hierarchy of the content components of training; the most widely-spread types of aerobics, practiced in Russian colleges and universities and their place in the system of physical education; the teaching model for planning, organization and effecting the training process at higher education institutions. Keywords: physical education, generation Y, aerobics, teaching approach, planning | 1143 | |||||
4224 | The article explores contradictions in bioethics and biomedicine in respect of trial subjects on the eample of animals and artificially created beings (genetically modified animals, interspecific hybrids, chimeras). The importance of rethinking the problem of standing and status of the discussed beings as philosophical and anthropological, as well as in ethical and legal dimensions of contemporary culture is actualised. Investigations were carried out with the support of RFH grant № 12-03-00198. Keywords: bioethics, biomedicine, animagl, hybrides, chimeras, trial subject protection, principles of bioethics, animals in experiment | 1143 | |||||
4225 | The article analyzes the degree of scrutiny of issues related to education management of Tartars of Russia in the second half of the XIX century on the example of Astrakhan province. There are the features of the study of the question in the pre-revolutionary (to 1917), Soviet (1917–1991) and contemporary (from 1991) periods. Despite the rich actual material this problem was not the subject of independent research. The authors of the available studies were limited to the study of certain aspects, and the subject remains little developed, moreover, some of these works are the compilation character, so at the moment the main goal is the study of archival materials. It also considers educational policy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in relation to the Tatars of Russia during the reign of the two emperors Alexander II and Alexander III, consisting in attempts to spread the Russian language in Tatar environment. Specifies the legislative acts. Reveals the peculiarity of the Tatar education on the example of the Astrakhan province. Keywords: education of the tatars in the second half of the XIX century, tatar school, MIA educational activities, management of the Tartar education | 1143 | |||||
4226 | Under conditions of up-to-date informational society, strengthening of the role of Internet and new computer technologies in our life a special role belongs to the analysis of the structure of modern media communication from the point of view of its field system, which allows to find out its principal and peripheral elements and to define the process of media communication. The article points to description of informational fields of different types from linguistic position. The author defined and examined informational fields of global network, mass media, informational and media personality and text. Media communication is presented as a continuously developing multilayer supercomlex structure of informational fields of different types, which forms hypertextual space. A special attention is paid to informational field of journalist’s language personality. In view of the information fields of the journalists’ language personality according to the types to their functions and communicative effect are detected: 1) mediator, moderator, amuser; 2) leading, driven. Detemines the connection of the information field of the language person with its idiostile. Keywords: media communication, informational fields of global network, mass media, informational and media personality, text, informational and media journalist’s personality, idiostyle | 1143 | |||||
4227 | In this article specific methods of emotion expressions of men’s and women’s speech by use of the language lexical means are considered. It is proved, that the peculiarities of the author’s emotional status reflection in the text depend on his gender affiliation and have their specific markers. In this work groups of emotionally loaded vocabulary are described, gender differences of using this lexicon in a text are revealed on the base of comparative analysis. The reasons of gender affiliation reflection of the subject in his speech are explained. The manifestation of gender in the speech behaviour of native speakers of a particular language can be verified by analyzing the structures of language. Keywords: means of emotional expression, lexicon, gender, connotation | 1143 | |||||
4228 | The article deals with the topical problem of influence of media texts of public informational and media language personality on mass addressee subject to pragmatically significant factors of text organization: the author, the topic, the title, the emotional tone, the usage of linguistic and non-linguistic means. The study was carried out on the basis of experiments using a scaling technique with the involvement of a focus group of informants-humanitarians aged from 20 to 50 years. The research material is the posts of different subjects in L. Ulitskaya’s blog and the texts of newspaper article and fragments of M. Veller’s program “Just think!” on the radio “Echo of Moscow”. The initial idea was that the text and its structure reflect the peculiarities of the author’s language personality, and informants’ reception and detection of invariant of data, which we obtained on the basis of the survey, allow to reveal regularities in mechanism of influence of the texts and their elements on the reader’s cognitive activity. It was determined that estimation by collective addressee of variety of speech behavior of public language personality in different genres of media discourse depends on clarity, intelligibility, perspicuity, logicality of information, topical character of subject, emotion and usage of language means of different styles. Substandard vocabulary, which is used in media texts of topical subjects, doesn’t rise to rejection if addressee feels the same emotion, but on the contrary enlarges the pragmatics of speech messages. Excessive subjective modality of public language personality in covering different social themes does not always correspond to a collective addressee, who is focused on stereotypes and restraint in relation to the utterance. The influence of media text depends to a large degree on the informational field of the author’s language personality and his emotion, though the subject of speech messages and the choice of certain genres by the public language personality are of great importance too. Keywords: public language personality, media discourse, pragmatics of media text, receptive experiment | 1143 | |||||
4229 | . | 1142 | |||||
4230 | The article is devoted to the problem of prediction of the economical parameters. The authors of the article consider that problem as a stochastic task. New criteria of optimization of prediction filter is offered and investigated | 1142 | |||||
4231 | In the article the effective way of solving the problem of teaching school students solving physical tasks. The suggested activity-centred approach to the process of solving tasks suggests organization of the activity of school children at various stages of the process of solving (preparatory stage, trial stage, diagnostic stage, evaluating-reflective). Elaborated methodical recommendations permit the teachers to organize independent activity of students at every stage. Application of the activity-centred approach to solving of the tasks contributes to deepening the knowledge of school students in physics, improvement of understanding of physical material | 1142 | |||||
4232 | This article is devoted to research of historical and biographical play “Lyceum’s student” by A. Platonov. In this play, the author showed conditions of great poet’s “birth” in Russia, gathered personages with apparent violation of chronology of events, organized actions with the help of definite motives. Keywords: historical-biographical play, drama action, motive, association, intertextuality, receptive base | 1142 | |||||
4233 | The article deals with the peculiar properties of the hierarchical system of comparison, including the specific functions of its components. The structure and semantics of comparative syntagmatic correlations as a means of fulfilling the above-mentioned functions have been analysed. Keywords: hierarchical system, general comparison, particular comparison, degrees of comparison, syntagmatic correlations | 1142 | |||||
4234 | . | 1142 | |||||
4235 | We consider the methodology of designing competence-oriented training modules of the basic education programs in the context of competence-format training in higher school. The competence-oriented module is presented as a structural element of competency training model of the bachelor of professional training in design. The trajectory of professional development of the graduates is considered as a set of competence-oriented modules of basic educational programs, the hierarchical structure, which measures the level of development of specific competences. Keywords: competence-oriented module, private competence, professional task, learning task, the trajectory of the graduate professional development, design expertise | 1142 | |||||
4236 | The article outlines ancient word semantics as a part of morphemic structure of negative pronouns and negative particles. Negative pronouns were formed on the base of interrogative pronouns and depended on general negative sentence semantics. Names of unreal world objects served as a source of origin for negative particles. Keywords: the Selkup language, dialect, semantics, historical word formation, negative pronoun, negative particle | 1142 | |||||
4237 | In the present article nature of perception of Russian phraseological units foreign in a literal translation into Chinese is investigated by means of the psycholinguistic experiment. The results of the experiment carried out by the author allowed to reveal the whole complex of structural and semantic signs of phraseological units influencing perception and identification of the meaning of phraseological unit. Keywords: phraseological unit, psycholinguistic experiment, perception, internal form, intralinguistic and interlingual figurativeness, national-cultural specificity | 1142 | |||||
4238 | The problem of speech influence of public language personality on media sphere is examined on the example of media discourse of M. A. Zakharov, who took part in the programme “Difiramb” and “Razbor polyotov” on radio “Echo of Moscow” in 2011–2015. The research is done on the material of media texts, which were put on the Internet. Speech behavior of language personality, comments and questions of Internet users and radio “Echo of Moscow” listeners are analyzed in the article. Dynamics in character of rating and comments in programmes of 2011–2015 with participation of M. A. Zakharov is revealed. The problem of public language personality’s influence in media communication is examined in view on mass addressee (with a glance to responses of radio listeners and Internet users) and individual addressee (anchor). A special attention is payed to regulative strategies in media discourse of public language personality. Keywords: public language personality, speech behavior, regulative strategy, speech influence, media environment | 1142 | |||||
4239 | Discusses the process of teaching computer science using interactive learning tools, defines the competences (information, communication, as a consequence of ICT – competence), which students acquire as a result. Analyzes the didactic potential of electronic educational resources, and the author summarizes that the interactive tools combine the properties and functions of several types of electronic educational resources that will contribute to the achievement of educational outcomes at a qualitatively new level. Summarizes the feasibility of using interactive learning tools in teaching computer science, contributing to the creation of the possibility of the presence in a “state of mind” at the lessons of Informatics. Keywords: teaching computer science, the culture of thinking, electronic educational resources, interactive learning tools, educational outcomes | 1142 | |||||
4240 | French perfumery art has centuries-old traditions and is the pride of the French nation. This article deals with the French perfumery discourse as one of the kinds of the institutional discourse, which is a complexly organized, multi – composition formation, an interaction of legislative (legal) discourse in the field of the production and trade of perfume goods), advertising perfumery discourse, scientific perfumery discourse, academic (educational) discourse of the perfumery art, perfumery media art, commercial discourse. The leading role in the above group belongs to the perfumery proper discourse in the sphere of professional communication. Within the subgroup of the French perfumery discourse one can find the polyphonic inclusions of historical, art, medical, musical, culinary and other discourses. The complex discourse nature of the perfumery discourse has given rise to a variety of genre forms. Keywords: smell, fragrance, perfume, perfumery, perfumery discourse, speech genre, functional style, a unit of analysis | 1142 | |||||
4241 | The article considers a mature student as the object of supplementary education at different establishments which offer language training. Based on Psychology and Linguodidactics researches, it analyses the characteristics of adult that are significant when studying a foreign language during a short-term study course. In order to acquire the knowledge of a foreign language one’s skills have to be trained and practiced regularly. Therefore, the article reminds the general principles of requiring a foreign language. Knowing the revealed peculiarities lets us form a clear understanding of who a mature student is, considering her both as a subject of study process in a whole and a subject of a foreign language learner in particular. Keywords: mature student, intensive learning, short-term course, supplementary education of adults, further self-development | 1142 | |||||
4242 | The relevance of studying the problem of the oil factor in the policy of the Soviet state is due to the exceptional value of oil strategy of the state during the Soviet period. The study of this phenomenon is presented by the fragmented historical periods, that does not allow to see the continuity of the state policy in relation to oil, the similarity was performed with the help of state tasks. The purpose of this study is to analyze the priorities of the state approaches to oil and its changing role in the implementation, the state solved problems. Among the objectives set by the author is identification of the main factors influencing the strategic approaches to oil. The author comes to the conclusion that the oil factor in the policy of the Soviet state held an especially significant place, the oil was mainly the export of energy resource and the means to achieve geopolitical goals. The main provisions of the state policy, formulated in terms of electrification with respect to oil, remained virtually unchanged during the entire Soviet period. The evidence of this is the prevalence of export of oil products before 1958, and crude oil since 1958. There was also noted the period of reducing the proportion of oilexport in the total exports of the USSR: the decline was seen in the period from 1929 to 1934, and continued until the end of the reign of I. V. Stalin. The highest value of oil exports in the state strategy was in the 1920s. and since the end of the 1950s. In the second half of the XX century oil was in the center of economic competition between the two political systems. Throughout the Soviet period, oil is an important tool for solving problems of strategic importance both within the country and outside it. Changes in approaches to the problems of oil were determined mostly by the foreign policy factors. Keywords: politics, state, petroleum products, oil, extraction, oil export | 1142 | |||||
4243 | Introduction. The article investigates the small prose of the representative of the Russian emigration of the first wave of M. A. Osorgin in the aspect of function and semantics of the second half of the 1920s. Materials and research methods. The material of the study is the stories of M.A. Osorgin of the second half of the 1920s - “Pensnes”, “Mother’s Portrait”, “Father’s Diary”, “Things of Man”. The work uses structural semiotic, functional-typological, hermeneutic approaches to the analysis of literary text. Results and discussion. M. Osorgin possessed a strong mindset, a talent for spatial vision and memory, which led to his passion for collecting and special power over him of the things related to the lost past, with dear people and key events of emigrant existence. A great place in the life of the writer was occupied by collecting books (organization and work to save rare books in the “Bookstore of Writers”, which he gave a lot of effort in 1918-22, the creation of personal libraries, despite the numerous travels and two emigrations); Osorgin’s other affection was the sweetheart’s personal belongings. Conclusion. It is argued that the aesthetic novelty and artistic depth in the non-anthropocentric world of the author is achieved through various options of “translation” of empirical things in their artistic correspondence, which allows us to talk about the philosophy and poetics of things in the writer’s small prose. It is proved that in the stories “Mother’s Portrait”, “Father’s Diary”, “Clock”, “Pince-nez” “belonings of a man” are endowed with a status equal to a person, their existence is ontologized (along with nature, the animal world and the human): objects have a unique character, they live their lives, but they are also an integral part of human destiny, “inhabit” significant spaces of human existence, become the starting point of the plot understanding the fate of a loved one and the life of the author-narrator. Traced the changing semantics of things, which from a sign of a lost homeland and childhood (memory) turns into the occasion to reflect on their own destiny and character (self-knowledge of the author), and also allows you to unravel the mysteries of individual existence and the universal ontological connection of the living and non-living existence (“death” thing after the death of the owner and turning into a thing of the past). Keywords: literature of the Russian abroad, M. Osorgin’s small prose, poetics | 1142 | |||||
4244 | The article resumes the usage of ground rent in various payments using natural objects. One proposes to solve the problem of their division in the budget system by emphasizing in environment purely natural resources and assimilative potential of nature: the payment for natural resources must be given to regions, the payment for potential - into federal budget. | 1141 | |||||
4245 | The article presents the history of financing of Tomsk Teachers' Training Institute and the problem solving experience of the director of the Institute, I.A. Uspensky. | 1141 | |||||
4246 | This is a problem of the values the determination of the main values to this integration in our crisis-ridden world. These values must correspond at allevents to the values of the modern postnoclassical science and the new tendency in the education. | 1141 | |||||
4247 | The questions of optimization of study process of different physics problems' decision, the questions of connecting traditional methods with using PC are investigated. The description of algorithm of the automatized decision of physics problems using the model language is given. | 1141 | |||||
4248 | In the article the authour informs about the experience of the XX–th century literature faculty and world art culture of Tomsk State University. The authour draws conclusions and makes suggestions. | 1141 | |||||
4249 | The article investigates the contents and mechanism of rational combination of public and collective interests in the sphere of science-innovation activity. | 1141 | |||||
4250 | A new point of view on study of a phenomenon of the unfinished text is submitted here. The author finds out tools and patterns of "intra-guildian" reception in Pushkin's unfinished fragments. The chosen aspect allows to show potential of the unfinished text, provoking the creative reader to complete the text as a co-author. Besides, the fragment represents art dominants of every receptionist style. | 1141 |