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CHILDREN’S THEME IN LYRICS OF G. IVANOV // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2019. Issue 1 (198). P. 58-66

Introduction. The article deals with the theme of childhood in the lyrics of Georgy Ivanov, according to the testimony of many, the best poet of Russian émigré, belonging to the generation of the first wave of emigration. Aim and objectives. The purpose of the study is to trace the theme of childhood on the material of the whole corpus of G. Ivanov’s lyrics, taking into account the influence of the poet’s acmeistic attitudes, as well as the formation of an existential worldview in his late work, and to trace the evolution of the poet’s children’s theme from the idyllic image of children in the context of the pastoral complex, typical for his early poetry, to the existential inherent in his mature work. Materials and research methods. The research methodology is based on the interpretation of literary texts based on theoretical and literary concepts (acmeism, literary tradition, poetry of the diaspora and metropolis, etc.). A comparative historical method was also applied to the analysis of texts that are typologically close, but have a temporal distance. Results and discussion. We examined the evolution of the children’s theme in the poet in connection with the acmeistic views of the author, identified the metamorphosis of the theme in connection with the appearance in the lyrics of nostalgic and existential themes related to emigration. Conclusion. The lyrical embodiment of the childhood theme of the early G. Ivanov is connected with his acmeistic attitudes, the images of children have the appearance of a “cultural cliché” (cupids, angels, peasant girls) and are written in the common pastoral modus. Childhood, in accordance with N. Gumilev’s geosophical attitudes, whose circle included the poet, is perceived by G. Ivanov as the beginning of a cultural journey, therefore the juvenile subject is accompanied by a large number of literary and culturological allusions. In the emigrant lyrics, the theme of childhood turns out to be inextricably linked with the mortal theme, which corresponds to the general mood of the latest collections of the poet. The image of childhood is distorted, sometimes beyond recognition, in the general mood of hopelessness, nostalgia and émigré longing.

Keywords: Georgy Ivanov, the poetry of the first wave of Russian emigration, the theme of childhood, pastoral motifs, ecphrasis, allusion, acmeistic traditions, existential motives

PETERSBURG OF IVAN ELAGIN // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2020. Issue 3 (209). P. 45-52

Introduction. The article considers the image of St. Petersburg in the lyrics of Ivan Elagin, one of the prominent representatives of the second wave of emigration. The objectives of the study are: to trace the development of the image in its evolution, to fix the “common places” of St. Petersburg poetics, at the same time to note the author’s personal contribution to the development of the theme in conditions of emigration. Material and methods. The research methodology involves the interpretation of poetic texts based on theoretical and literary concepts (acmeism, literary tradition, poetry of the diaspora and the metropolis, etc.). Results and discussion. The image of St. Petersburg in the literature of the Russian abroad has repeatedly become the subject of scientific research, but the lyrics of Ivan Elagin have not yet attracted the close attention of literary scholars in interpreting the theme of St. Petersburg from acmeistic positions. We considered a number of his poems as a vivid example of following the precepts of acmeism in conditions of emigration, although the avant-garde element is no less important in the lyrics of Elagin. But in the image of the city on the Neva, the poet deliberately focuses on the poetics of acmeism, as evidenced by numerous allusions and thematic exchanges with senior acmeists – N. Gumilev, A. Akhmatova, O. Mandelstam. Conclusion. The lyrical embodiment of the image of St. Petersburg by Ivan Elagin is dictated by his acmeistic orientation and the desire to write his name in a line of his own poetic acmeist teachers. St. Petersburg of Ivan Elagin actualizes the general settings for the “St. Petersburg text”, but, in addition, demonstrates the emigrant specificity in interpreting the image of Northern Palmyra. The dominant feature of the image is its mortality, striving for “beyond”, the reflection in it of existential longing and nostalgia – the eternal “companions” of the exiled poet.

Keywords: Ivan Elagin, poetry of Russian emigration of the second wave, “St. Petersburg text”, allusion, acmeistic traditions, the theme of death

ANTONIN LADINSKY: SEA JOURNEY IN A SITUATION OF EMIGRATION (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE COLLECTION “BLACK AND BLUE”) // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2021. Issue 6 (218). P. 121-134

Introduction.The article examines the topic of sea travel by Antonin Ladinsky using the example of the collection “Black and Blue”, the first in the poet’s work, in which the main lines of his poetry were formed, further developed in subsequent collections. Aim and objectives: to trace the semantics of sea navigation, taking into account the acmeistic influences on the poet by N. Gumilyov, for whom this topic was one of the main in his work and reflected the basic principles of the acmeistic worldview of the poet. Material and methods. The research methodology assumes a literary interpretation of lyric texts with an understanding of the theoretical foundations of the poetics of acmeism (“alien word”, polyphonic text, dynamic space, etc.). The method of intertextual analysis was also used when comparing texts belonging to different literary eras. Results and discussion. Ladinsky’s work was already the subject of scientific research, the poet’s orientation towards symbolism and acmeism was also noted, the difficulty of attributing his lyrics to any of these modernist movements was indicated. But sea voyage as the central theme of the first collection “Black and Blue” in the context of acmeistic poetics has not yet attracted the attention of researchers. We examined the influence of the Gumilev theme of sea voyages on the lyrics of Ant. Ladinsky in terms of the poet’s polemic with the master of acmeism, the originality of the topic under consideration is revealed in connection with his emigre experience. Conclusion. In the lyrics of Antonin Ladinsky, the sea voyage becomes a reflection of his path as an emigrant, and in this sence he argues with N. Gumilev, whose theme of sailing on the seas has a culturological meaning and reflects the acmeistic principle of cognizing Life through Art. The semantics of sea travel, in the context of acmeistic poetics, allows Ladinsky to say his word to the world, adding his voice to the mighty cultural choir of the singers of the sea. The acmeistic position turns out to be close to him by its earthly nature, and the symbolist one – by the awareness of the powerful force of otherness. Through dialogue with the “alien word”, the poet declares his own experience of mastering the world, which is different from both the Acmeists and the Symbolists. The tragic view of the world, conditioned by the situation of emigration, sounds in the first collection not yet in full force, the acmeistic “acceptance of reality” still has its “inertia”, but the awareness of what happened as a catastrophe and the path to the world of death has already occurred.

Keywords: Antonin Ladinsky, poetry of the Russian emigration of the first wave, the theme of sea travel, acmeistic poetics, symbolism, emigrant motives

GEORGY SHENGELI: CULTURAL ISOLATION AS A POETIC STRATEGY // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2022. Issue 6 (224). P. 145-155

Introduction. This article examines cultural isolation as a form of poetic behavior by Georgy Shengeli, one of the representatives of “Moscow Acmeism” of the first half of the 20th century, consciously chosen by the poet as a reaction to the ideological pressure of the Soviet state in the field of literary policy. The purpose is to trace the formation of this author’s strategy, its causes and reflection in the poet’s lyrics. Material and methods. The methodology of research assumes a literary interpretation of lyrical texts based on the aesthetics and poetics of Acmeism, using the method of intertextual analysis and comparative method of analysis of the poetic text, involving historical commentary. Results and discussion. Georgy Shengeli’s lyrics have rarely attracted the attention of literary critics for the analysis of their poetics; our study is designed to consider the influence of Acmeism on the poetic fabric of texts from different periods of the author’s work, to discover the similarity of the aesthetic and outlook of the poet to the emigrant lyrics, the main theme of which was nostalgia, caused by the forced cultural isolation. Conclusion. Georgy Shengeli’s lyrics fully reflect the strategy of cultural isolation chosen by the poet as the only possible option for creative existence at a time of active promotion of official Soviet art. The poet regarded his “departure” into the world of Culture as a mission for its preservation, voluntarily undertaken as an heir to the Silver Age of Russian poetry. Shengeli, who knew the first generation of great names of the early 20th century, considered as his duty to continue his work as a younger and one of the last in the cohort of poets who did not leave their homeland in the throes of its tragic trials. His experience of forced “retreat into the literary underground” was akin to the emigrant experience of refugee poets resulting from the separation from their native cultural soil. The obvious affinity is largely explained by the commonality of the “cultural womb” of Acmeism, which nurtured Shengeli and his fellow emigrants. The idea of preserving the traditions of Russian literature in the Word unites the poets who live on different sides of the border, and once again proves the vagueness of these borders for a united great Russian culture.

Keywords: Georgy Shengeli, “Moscow acmeism”, cultural isolation, acmeist traditions, “internal emigration”