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Reflection of personality self-identification process by the standards of Russian linguoculture // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2024. Issue 6 (236). P. 26-35

The article is devoted to determining the peculiarities of self-identification, i.e. self-understanding, by the standards of the Russian linguoculture. To achieve the goal, the author uses onomasiological, component, conceptual analysis, linguocultural interpretation techniques. A standard is a sign of culture, expressing in verbal form stereotypical ideas about the typical features and qualities of a person. Standards have been proved to be the main means for selfidentification of the subject of culture. They objectify various aspects of a person’s inner world, his/her appearance, social interaction. The article establishes that a standard is an element of people’s identity, the result of the identification process, which is accompanied by the characterization of the subject of culture. These processes are embodied in the internal form of the standard, which is considered as a verbal stereotype reflecting the prototypical representation of the denoted phenomenon. The article reveals that all major cultural codes are involved in the formation of standards. The study identifies productive cultural codes that are used in the identification process. They include anthropomorphic, biomorphic, actional. The standards are represented by the units identifying a person as a kind and on certain aspects of his/her life activity. The formation of standards is carried out on the basis of linguocultural types, archetypal representations or practical human observations of reality phenomena. One verbal stereotype can be the basis of different standards. A standard can fix a deviation from the norm, indicating the norm for good or bad. The majority of standards are characterized by pejorative evaluativeness. The research discovers that the standards of anthropomorphic code of culture serve to objectify ideas about types of people oriented towards the inner world or material values. Anthropomorphic stereotypes pointing to social attributes identify features of a person in the context of social relations. Biomorphic stereotypes are based on archetypal knowledge or practical observations. The majority of units of this group record a deviation from the norm or pattern and include a negative evaluation in their meaning, which is explained by the interpretation of the animal as an ersatz human being. Units with positive evaluation dominate among the standards with the image “Bird”. Verbal stereotypes of plants are unproductive and are used mainly to objectify negative aspects. In fetish standards, value and functional characteristics of the object, as well as feelings from contact with it, become significant. Human standards formed on the basis of actional attributes embody ideas about the behavioural norms accepted in the Russian culture. The standards of the animic code reflect the immersion of a person in the context of nature, the feeling of being a part of it.

Keywords: language, culture, identification, standard, stereotype, internal form

Cognitive-pragmatic description of jealousy and its objectification in Leo Tolstoy’s letters to his wife // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2025. Issue 4 (240). P. 7-15

The article gives a cognitive-pragmatic description of jealousy. The material of the study are Leo Tolstoy's letters to his wife. The research is carried out by the method of discourse, pragmatic, and component analysis. On the basis of the semantic analysis, combinability of the key word of this emotional concept it is revealed that it has a script character. The paper proposes a cognitive scenario of jealousy. The author found that in a calm psychological state Tolstoy interpreted jealousy as something bad, as a misfortune, as a manifestation of selfishness. The article determines that the feeling of jealousy is a complex communicative strategy, including tactics heterogeneous in semiotic aspect. The author reveals that Tolstoy is clearly aware of the purpose of his communicative-pragmatic behavior when feeling jealousy: he wants Sophia Andreyevna to stop her relationship with Sergey I. Taneyev, which indicates his dominant role in the relationship. The work explicates several speech tactics used by Lev Nikolayevich: formation of guilt in the addressee, stimulation of sympathy and self-pity on his part; simulation of misunderstanding; reproach; evaluation of the third person acting as the cause of jealousy; comparison, prediction of consequences with exaggeration. The tactics he uses are predominantly destructive, reflecting a focus on himself. In order to manipulate Tolstoy uses a variety of means of empathy. The paper concludes that Tolstoy uses predominantly explicit tactics, openly and directly influencing the addressee. The main means of verbal objectification of jealousy are various intensifiers. Tolstoy is opinionated. His letters expressing this feeling are characterized by being illogical and inconsistent. Tolstoy explains his psychological state as follows: his wife disturbed the usual course of life, caused him anxiety, the reason for which was only in the behavior of Sophia Andreyevna, who is able to normalize the situation. Tolstoy makes demands to his wife and sets conditions for her. The study of the written manifestations of this feeling in personal discourse reconstructs a complete picture of the nature and verbalization of jealousy.

Keywords: everyday discourse, emotional concept, jealousy, communicative strategy, communicative tactics, Leo Tolstoy

Features of a parable in L.N. Tolstoy's story "What Men Live By": a linguostylistic analysis in terms of genre embodiment // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2026. Issue 4 (246). P. 64-70

The article is devoted to the consideration of the genre originality of L.N. Tolstoy's short story "What men live by". The study revealed that the story contains the features of a parable. Tolstoy creatively reworks this genre in his work. The title has a didactic character, contains a hidden imperative, which gives the text a touch of journalism. In order to concretize the idea, the author of the story uses epigraphs – biblical prescriptions that complement each other in content. They are instructive, imperative and evaluative in nature. Epigraphs become peculiar theses, which are confirmed by the content of the main text, which gives it the features of deductive reasoning inherent in the scientific style. In the course of the research, it was found out that Tolstoy's parable generates not one, as in a traditional parable, but a complex of interrelated ideas. The content of the story generally corresponds to the prototypical discourse of the parable. The specificity lies in the fact that Leo Tolstoy's story includes several stories, each of which, on the one hand, is completed, on the other hand, is connected with the other and participates in the formation of a common idea. It is proved that all the ideas of the story are explicated, there are no conditions for the formation of a subtext. The conceptual sphere of the story is objectified by Mikhail's explanations, which form conceptual chains: three questions: what is in people, what is not given to people, what people are alive for ‒ the word of God: it manifests itself in events – a smile (gaining knowledge) – the answer to the question: there is love in people, they are not given to know what they need for their bodies, people are alive with love. The lexicon and grammar of the story correspond to the standards of the parable. The emphasis is on verbs, among which the regular forms of the present descriptive tense are used, colloquial vocabulary is used. The text of the story repeatedly uses key phrases that are imperative and normative in nature, and predictive signs endowed with sacred meaning. It is concluded that Tolstoy's parable takes on a hybrid form, including stylistic features of scholarship and journalism.

Keywords: narrative, genre, short story, parable, prototype, conceptosphere