«VL. SOLOVYOV AND LERMONTOV – SIBLINGS, ABEL AND CAIN OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE» (ARTICLE ONE)
DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2019-1-17-26
Introduction. This article reviews the personality of Lermontov and his works by criticism of Russian religious philosophers, especially by V.S. Solovyov. History and criticism of literature have а lot of researches, which analyze works of different writers by literary criticism of philosophers. Most often, they simply state one or another thought of philosophers without any assumption that it can be used as an instrument to analyze a piece of art. Materials and research methods. There is an attempt to use literary criticism of Russian religious philosophers as a methodology within analyzing religious-philosophy subject of the artistic literature, in this case by learning life and art of Lermontov in the article. Results and discussion. There is an analysis of literary-critical and some philosophical works of Solovyov in the article, as well as identification of his approaches to creativity and the fate of Lermontov. Special attention is given to the reception of the poem «Demon» and to the demonic theme in the works of the poet in general, confirms the assumptions about deeply personal attitude of the philosopher to the poet’s fate, and interprets the certain similarity between them. Attention is drawn to Solovyov’s selectivity of Lermontov’s texts, designed not only to understand the work of the poet, but rather to illustrate his ideas, which owned the philosopher at the end of his life. The analysis of numerous texts of Lermontov with angelic and demonic themes, which not perceived by the religious philosopher is given. Conclusion. The use of literary critics of the philosophers as methodology allowed us to conclude that the distortion of Lermontov’s demon theme made by Solovyev was explained by completely opposite historiosophical views, different «conceptions of knowledge»: Lermontov tried to explore the beginning of evil and wrote about the first-born of creation, Demon, “the spirit of knowledge”, turning the poem into the gnosiological poem, while Solovyev tried to understand the ultimate fate of human history and wrote the «Short story about the Antichrist» by formulating his eschatological views.
Keywords: Demonic theme, philosophical ideas of Solovyov, «Demon» – the gnosiological poem, angels and demons at the beginning of the creation, eschatology, a search of salvation, mysticism and metaphysics
References:
1. Mochul’skiy K. Vladimir Solov’ev. Zhizn’ i ucheniye [Vladimir Solovyov. Life and learning]. Gogol’. Solov’ev. Dostoevskiy. Sostavl. i poslesl. V. M. Tolmacheva [Gogol. Soloyev. Dostoevsky. Composition and afterword by V. M. Tolmacheva]. Moscow, Respublika Publ., 1995. Pp. 63–216 (in Russian).
2. Andreev I. M. Russkiye pisateli XIX veka [Russian writers of XIX century]. Moscow, Bratstvo Prepodobnogo Germana Alyaskinskogo Platina, Kaliforniya. Rossiyskoye Otdeleniye Valaamskogo Obshchestva Ameriki Publ., 1999. 536 p. (in Russian).
3. Solov’ev V. S. Lermontov. Literaturnaya kritika. Sost. i komment N. I. Tsimbaeva i V. I. Fatyushchenko [Literary critics. Composition and afterword by N. I. Tsimbaeva and V. I. Fatyushchenko]. Moscow, Sovremennik Publ., 1990. Pp. 274–291 (in Russian).
4. Lermontov M. Yu. Sobraniye sochineniy: v 4 t. Pod red. V. A. Manuylova, V. E. Vatsuro, T. P. Golovanovoy, L. I. Nazarovoy, I. S. Chistovoy [Set of works consisting of 4 books. Edited by V. A. Manuylov, V. E. Vatsuro, T. P. Golovanova, L. I. Nazarova, I. S. Chistova]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1979–1981. (T. I: Stikhotvoreniya. 1828–1841; T. II: Poemy; T. III: Dramy; T. IV: Proza. Pis’ma) [(Vol. I: Poems. 1828–1841; Vol. II: Poems; Vol. III: Dramas; Vol. IV: Prose. Letters)] (in Russian).
5. Bulgakov S. Bez plana [Without a plan]. Voprosy zhizni, 1905, no 3, pp. 388–444 (in Russian).
6. Fatyushchenko V. I., Tsimbaev N. I. Vladimir Solov’ev – kritik i publitsist [Vladimir Solovyov – critic and publicist]. Literaturnaya kritika. Sost. i kommentarii N. I. Tsimbaeva [Literary criticism. Comp. and comments by N. I. Tsimbaev]. Moscow, Sovremennik Publ., 1990. Pp. 5–34 (in Russian).
7. Iz perepiski S. A. Rachinskogo s predisloviem i primechaniyami V. V. Rozanova [From the correspondence of S. A. Rachinskogo (with introduction and comments by V. V. Rozanov]. Russkiy vestnik [Russian Gazette]. St. Petersburg, 1902. Vol. 281. Issue X. Pp. 603–629 (in Russian).
8. Blok A. A. E. P. Ivanovu. 15 iyunya 1904. Shakhmatovo [pis’mo] [Blok A. A. to E. P. Ivanov. 15 June 1904. Shakhmatovo [letter]. Aleksandr Blok. Sobr. soch.: v 8 t. T. 8: Pis’ma 1898–1921 [Alexander Blok. Collected works: in 8 volumes. Vol. 8: Letters of 1898–1921]. Moscow, Leningrad, Goslitizdat Publ., 1963. Pp. 104–107 (in Russian).
9. Milevskaya N. I. Problema «demonicheskogo khozyaystva» M. Yu. Lermontova (v kritike V. S. Solov’eva) [The problem of ‘demonic household’ of M. Yu. Lermontov (criticism of V. S. Solovyev)]. Transformatsiya i funktsionirovaniye kul’turnykh modeley v russkoy literature XX veka (arkhetip, mifologema, motiv): materialy yubileynoy konferentsii, posvyashchennoy 100-letiyu Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta i 5-letiyu kafedry literatury XX veka i MKhK (12 dekabrya 2001 goda) [Transformation and functioning of cultural models in Russian literature of XX century (archetype, myth, motive): materials of the anniversary conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Tomsk State Pedagogical University and the 5th anniversary of the Department of Literature of the 20th Century and the World Art (December 12, 2001)]. Tomsk, Publishing house of Tomsk State Pedagogical University Publ, 2002. Pp. 25–32 (in Russian).
10. Belyy A. Nachalo veka. Vospominaniya: v 3 knigakh. Kn. 2. Redkol.: V. Vatsuro, N. Gey, G. Elizavetina i dr. Podgot. teksta i komment. A. Lavrova [The beginning of the century. Memories. Consisting of 3 books. Book 2. Editorial board: V. Vatsuro, N. Gay, G. Elizavetin and others. Preparation of text and commentary by A. Lavrov]. Moscow, Khudozhestvennaya literatura Publ, 1990. 687 p. (in Russian).
11. Solov’ev V. «Nepodvizhno lish’ solntse lyubvi…» Stikhotvoreniya. Proza. Pis’ma. Vospominaniya sovremennikov [‘Only the sun of love is motionlessly …’ Poems. Prose. Letters. Memoirs of contemporaries]. Moscow, Moskovskiy rabochiy Publ, 1990. 444 p. (in Russian).
12. Tsertelev D. N. Chto takoye pessimizm [What is pessimism?]. Novyy put’, 1904, no 6, pp. 163–175 (in Russian).
13. Bryusov V. Sobraniye sochineniy: v 7 tomakh. Tom. I: Stikhotvoreniya. Poemy. 1892–1909. Pob obshchey redaktsiey P. G. Antrokol’skogo [Set of works consisting of 7 books. Book I: Verses. Poems. 1892–1909. Under the general editorship of P. G. Antokolsky]. Moscow, Khudozhestvennaya literatura Publ., 1973 (in Russian).
14. Tikhancheva E. P. Bryusov o russkikh poetakh XIX veka [Bryusov about the Russian writers of XIX century]. Erevan, Ayastan Publ., 1973. 190 p. (in Russian).
15. Zamotin I. I. M. Yu. Lermontov. Motivy ideal’nogo stroitel’stva zhizni [M. Yu. Lermontov. Motives of ideal life building]. Warsaw, Tipografiya Varshavskago uchebnogo okruga Publ., 1914. 154 p. (in Russian).
16. Eyges I. O Lermontove. K metafizike snovideniya [About Lermontov. To the metaphysics of dream]. Apollon, 1914, no. 10, pp. 51–69 (in Russian).
17. Nitsshe F. Tak govoril Zaratustra [Thus spoke Zarathustra]. K genealogii morali [To the genealogy of morality]. Minsk, Popurri Publ., 1997. 624 p. (in Russian).
18. Ginzburg L. Tvorcheskiy put’ Lermontova [The creative way of Lermontov]. Leningrad, Khudozhestvennaya literaturа Publ., 1940. 223 p. (in Russian).
19. Durylin S. Sud’ba Lermontova [The fate of Lermontov]. Russkaya mysl’ [Russian thought]. Moscow – Petrograd Publ., 1914. Book X. Pp. 1–30 (in Russian).
20. Andreevskiy S. A. Lermontov. Kharakteristka [Lermontov. Characteristics]. Torzhestvennyy venok. M. Yu. Lermontov. Slovo o poete. 1837–1999. Sostavitel’ S. S. Lesnevskiy [Solemn wreath. M. Yu. Lermontov. A word about the poet. 1837–1999. Comp. S. S. Lesnevsky]. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1999. Pp. 4–33 (in Russian).
21. Brodskiy N. L. Poeticheskaya ispoved’ russkogo intelligenta 30–40-kh godov [Poetic confession of a Russian intelligent of the 30–40th]. Venok M. Yu. Lermontovu. Yubileynyy sbornik [Wreath for M. Yu. Lermontov. Anniversary collection]. Moscow – Petrograd, Izd-vo tovarishchestva «V. V. Dumnov, nasledniki br. Salaevykh» Publ., 1914. Pp. 56–110 (in Russian).
22. Ivanov V. Lermontov – Lermontov [Lermontov]. Lik i lichiny Rossii. Estetika i literaturnaya teoriya [Face and guises of Russia. Aesthetics and literary theory]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1995. Pp. 249–266 (in Russian).
23. Shuvalov S. V. Religiya Lermontova [Religion of Lermontov]. Venok M. Yu. Lermontovu [Wreath for M. Yu. Lermontov]. Moscow – Petrograd, Izd-vo tovarishchestva «V. V. Dumnov, nasledniki br. Salaevykh» Publ., 1914. Pp. 135–164 (in Russian).
( 397.4 kB ) 
( 387.76 kB )
Issue: 1, 2019
Series of issue: Issue 1
Rubric: PROBLEMATICS AND POETICS OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE XIX–XXI CENTURIES
Pages: 17 — 26
Downloads: 1727