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| 1 | The article presents the results of I. A. Kuratov’s lyrics analysis through the prism of its subject structure. The analysis found that the lyric poet is multy subject system containing various subjective forms of the author’s consciousness expressions: the actual author, lyrical hero, the author-narrator, the hero «role» of the lyrics. Kuratov’s lyrical system is oriented towards the samples of realistic Russian and world lyricism, which has already mastered polysubject forms by the 19th century. Development by the poet of different forms of expression of author’s consciousness is connected with extension of the thematic contents of poetry. An analysis of poetic material made it possible to reveal the unconditional connection between the choice of the forms of expression of the author’s consciousness and the semantic aspect of Kuratov’s works. However polysubjectivity is characteristic of certain verses by Kuratov, which creates a poetic polyphony, and expand the functions of direct speech. Studying poetic works of Komi poet through the prism of their subjective system makes it possible to reveal not only the immanent features of Kuratov’s lyricism, but also to present the place and role of I. Kuratov in the development of the subject sphere and the poetic system of the lyrics of komi of the 1850s-1870s. Keywords: Komi poetry of the 19th century, I. A. Kuratov, subject organization, multisubjectivity | 1410 | ||||
| 2 | Literature for children is a whole layer of Komi literature, which is little studied today. There are critical articles that reveal the thematic and figurative originality of poetic works for children, but there are no separate works in which the poems of Komi poets would be considered from the point of view of their subject organization. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the approach to the analysis of N. Shchukin’s poems from the point of view of their subjective organization. Based on the analysis of literary material, it was established that in his work the predominant forms of expression of the author’s consciousness are the lyrical hero and the subject-poetic world. The Komi poet’s children’s poetry is characterized by such a lyrical hero, which reflects both the childish and adult beginnings, but with the obvious dominance of the adult. A lyrical hero is a person for whom childhood impressions become memories in adulthood. The fact that the adult beginning prevails in the poems is indicated by the time factor: the unity of the present with the past is reflected through the verbs. The lyrical hero occupies a certain, but not dominant position. In N. Shchukin’s children’s poetry, the subject-poetic world becomes the main form of expression of the author’s consciousness. A feature of the poems is that the poet in them, with the help of colors, focuses the attention of young readers on discovering the simple and discreet beauty of the northern nature. However, the use of metaphorical animation of natural phenomena, the use of verbs and the sound orchestration of works create an image of an unusual, fabulously magical wildlife, which makes it possible for children to feel, feel and hear the world around them. The poetic world as a way of expressing the author’s consciousness in N. Shchukin’s children’s lyrics is also manifested in poems based on artistic techniques of the folklore genre form – riddles. In this poetic work, objects are given in bright, expressive, but at the same time, details understandable to children, correlated with his life experience in his native land. Keywords: N. Shchukin, Komi literature, children’s poetry, lyrical hero, poetic world, landscape, riddle poems | 966 | ||||
| 3 | The article is a part of the complex of studies of Komi children’s poetry. The author characterizes landscape poetry, which, like all Komi literature, is moving in a realistic direction, solving the problems of not only the moral education of the younger generation, but also the formation in young readers of love for their small homeland, for their native nature. The main originality of the works is that they mainly show natural phenomena and objects characteristic of the Komi landscape. The poems depict specific signs of the seasons, which are internally close and understandable to the little reader. The analysis revealed that poetic works are not distinguished by a variety of color elements, which corresponds to the image of the discreet beauty of the northern region. However, the restraint of colors is compensated by the thoughtful sound organization of the verse. The study also showed that comparison and personification are common means of creating imagery in texts, with the help of which poets give the child the opportunity to see the world around him through the eyes of living, speaking nature. In addition, it was found that the poetics of many children’s poems in Komi literature is based on oral folk art. Of course, these lyrical texts cannot be called landscape texts in the traditional sense, since in them the poets do not so much depict pictures of their native land, but rather show the little reader the world around them in a playful way. But it is precisely such poetic works that allow a child to feel himself in the context of nature from childhood. Keywords: Komi poetry, poems about nature, children’s folklore, national picture of the world, educational function | 937 | ||||
| 4 | This article is devoted to the work of the renowned 20th-century Komi writer V. I. Lytkin. The article's relevance lies in its focus on his poetry written for children. It should be noted that, despite the considerable interest in his work, some gaps remain in the understanding of the poet's literary legacy. In virtually all existing works, V.I. Lytkin's children's poetry has not been the subject of a separate literary study. This analysis suggests that the poet created original works in the Komi language, literary adaptations of plots, motifs, and images from Komi oral poetry, fairy tales, and legends. The poet draws plots for his fairy tales not only from folklore but also from works of art by classic Russian literary figures. V. I. Lytkin's works for children are distinguished by engaging action, accessible presentation, rich, vivid imagery, and a rich use of artistic language. It has been established that phonetic expression plays a significant role in the poetics of the Komi poet's poems. Firstly, V.I. Lytkin actively uses onomatopoeic words in his literary texts, which are nationally specific and important in creating a linguistic worldview. Secondly, the depth of imagery in the poet's children's works is determined by sound: alliteration and assonance. These soundbased techniques not only engage children in play but also help them better visualize the scene and comprehend their native language in an engaging way. V.I. Lytkin also creates vivid poetic images through a variety of expressive devices: personification, similes, hyperbole, the use of which also contributes to the creation of rich and engaging images. Thus, through the expressive phonetics and vocabulary employed by the Komi poet, children learn to perceive the world around them more broadly and deeply, developing their imagination and creative thinking. What makes the Komi poet's works appealing to young readers is not only their engaging plots and rich expressiveness, but also the fact that the author doesn't portray himself as an adult: V.I. Lytkin knows how to speak simply, with gentle humor and playfulness, about such important concepts as truth and lies, hard work and laziness, and love for one's native language and nature. Keywords: children's poetry, V.I. Lytkin, fairy tale in verse, Komi folklore, expressive means of phonetics and vocabulary | 105 | ||||