| # | Article | Downloads | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6851 | Nowadays, the discourse of power has to constantly transform due to the rapidly changing socio-political context. At the same time, metaphors still remain an effective means of speech influence that transmits political views and values, forms public opinion, constructs a positive image of a politician and discriminates against his opponents. The dominant function of a political metaphor is an emotional and expressive impact on the audience, which helps to form a positive or negative attitude towards certain political subjects or phenomena. In the present article we assume the mediating function of language while conceptualizing reality. The struggle for power and its retention is one of the main functions of political discourse. In this process, the conceptual opposition “we – they” plays an important role as it is able to construct the positive image of a politician, transmit his ideological views and denigrate his opponents. This opposition is often expressed by metaphors, which are traditionally perceived as a means of speech influence and as a way of constructing reality in institutional and non-institutional political communication. The purpose of the article is to study the metaphorical modeling of the enemy image in the public discourse of Argentine President Javier Milei based on his official speeches from 2023 to 2025. The linguopragmatic analysis of the texts has shown that socialism and woke ideology, the caste model, corruption and crime represent enemies, while the Argentine president with his radical methods seems to be a “savior”. With the help of traditional as well as new metaphorical models, created by the president, the dichotomous opposition “we – they” achieves the following goals: a) to unify the nation in accordance with common axiological values; b) to create a positive image of the speaker; c) to negatively describe the past and his predecessors; d) to explain the reasons for the country’s backwardness, and e) to restructure the perception of the world. Keywords: presidential discourse, institutional discourse, public speeches, Argentine president, metaphors | 541 | |||||
| 6852 | The article is devoted to the description of the language structure from the standpoint of structural-systemic and functional linguistics. It is proposed to distinguish between the system, function and set of rules that collectively ensure the communicative suitability of the language: elements of vocabulary sets are combined in speech according to certain rules in order to create new expressive means. The systemic pole of the language is static and stereotypical: it includes vocabulary elements structured in a hypo-hyperonymic way. The area of hyperonymy indicates the condensation of the semantic feature in the core of the vocabulary set, and hyponymy indicates its dispersion to the periphery, where there is a zone of overlap with other thematically related fields. Hyponyms clarify the general meaning of the hypernym and represent a tree-like branching (rhizome) that forms the onomasiological structure of the field. The system is determined by the formula L = A + S, where L (langue – system), A is a limited vocabulary set (symbol of mathematical logic) and S is the structural organization of the incoming elements. The functional pole of language is dynamic and has its own structure, built in the logic of aggregation (from smaller to larger): expressive means are enlarged to registers of expressive-semantic coloring, registers form genres, genres are built into styles and functional styles, whose ‘five-petal’ makes up the functional repertoire of language. The varieties of repertoire are determined by various kinds of restrictions associated with the variation of language: social (acrolects, basilects, metalects), territorial (dialects, koine), professional (sociolects, professiolects) and historical (historiolects, adstrates). The function is found by the formula {E}A1 U (mathematical operator of unification) {E}A2 = expressive means. Speech combination of expressive means that increase the applicativity of language is carried out in accordance with the rules that are structured not only by the levels (tiers) of language (phonetic, morphological, lexical and syntactic), but also in accordance with the rhetorical (stylistic) and pragmatic schemes of the composition of means. Due to this, it is proposed to abandon the obsolete term ‘grammar’ and replace it with more appropriate ‘rules of language’. The findings can be used both for purely theoretical needs and in the practice of teaching and organizing language training. Keywords: language composition, structure, system, function, grammar, rule, vocabulary set, elements, speech combination | 540 | |||||
| 6853 | This paper examines the problem of defining the category of aspect of action denotation in English in general, and quantitative aspect in particular. The main focus of the article is on the specific features of quantitative aspect in English, namely the semantics of incomplete action. This particular aspect is associated with the idea of an action as unfinished, occurring in a limited period of time, or insufficient to achieve its full result as is ‘expected’ of it. In Slavic aspectology, the category of aspect, or ‘view’, and the methods of action denotation are quite rigorously studied from the point of view of cognitive linguistics. Modern research also confirms that prefixed verbs with a diminutive meaning and other meanings close to it are widespread in the languages of the Slavic group, which is explained by the well-established processes of prefixation in these languages and the peculiarities of the linguistic picture of the world by native speakers of these languages. At the same time, the study of such semantics in English is practically not represented in modern linguistics. In this study, we analyzed and described the main means of expressing quantitative aspect in the English language and their connection with diminutive semantics, exploring how these elements interact and what they contribute to the overall structure of the language. Particular attention is paid to the study of grammatical and lexical tools, such as analytical constructions, namely adverbial units (a little, for a while, lightly, etc.), verbs with the suffixes -le, and -er and the prefix under-, phrasal verbs, particularly in the context of their productivity in terms of denoting quantitative aspect. Keywords: English language, aspectual meanings, quantitative aspect, semantics of incomplete action, diminutive semantics | 538 | |||||
| 6854 | This study is devoted to the analysis of the features of interpreting sacred elements as a method of artistic expression of Qur'anic motifs in the works of V. K. Kyukhelbeker (1797–1846). The article aims to determine the functional role of Qur'anic motifs in the poetic structure of his works and their contribution to shaping the image of the Muslim East within the context of Russian-Eastern literary relations of the early nineteenth century. The scholarly novelty lies in considering Qur'anic motifs not as decorative elements of Orientalism but as a substantive foundation for dialogue with Muslim culture. The material of analysis includes the poem "The Death of Byron" (1824), the poem "Zorovavel" (1831), and prose fragments from the cycle "Russian Decameron." The study employs motif analysis in comparison with the Qur'anic text and Islamic dogma, allowing the identification of the nature of the artistic transformation of sacred elements. The analysis demonstrates that Kyukhelbeker acts as a profound interpreter of Muslim culture. In "The Death of Byron," Qur'anic motifs (funeral rites, calls to prayer) provide ethnographic authenticity and convey a sacred atmosphere. In "Zorovavel," they are integrated into the symbolic fabric: the formula "may Allah grant" marks confessional identity, while the scene of awaiting the Last Judgment and the critique of idolatry trace back to Qur'anic eschatology and the doctrine of creation. Particular interest lies in the poet’s deliberate use of religious lexicon (iman, minaret, "may Allah’s glory be with him") and allusions to specific ayahs, accompanied by authorial commentary. Even artistic inaccuracies (interpretation of the seventh sura, Al-A'raf) serve not to distort but to poetically adapt the sacred, creating the image of “a Muslim firmly remembering his Quran.” Thus, Kyukhelbeker’s works stand as significant testimony to a reflective dialogue with the Muslim East, wherein Qur'anic motifs, preserving their authentic semantic core, are organically woven into the Russian Romantic tradition, enriching its philosophical and artistic content. Keywords: Qur'anic motifs, sacred elements, interpretation, Kyukhelbeker, Romanticism, Muslim East, Russian literature | 533 | |||||
| 6855 | This work focuses on the training of medical personnel for rural areas based on an analysis of educational practices implemented at the Medical University of Mudanjiang (China). The study examines modern approaches and programs aimed at improving the qualifications of medical professionals and promoting their activities in remote and rural regions. In line with the university’s mission, it provides training for qualified medical personnel to serve in rural healthcare facilities. Special attention is paid to the implementation of high-tech training strategies, specialized advanced training programs, and measures to motivate and retain medical professionals in areas with underdeveloped infrastructure. The gained experience and recommendations can be used in the international practice of medical universities to develop effective strategies for training and supporting medical personnel in rural areas. Solving this problem contributes to improving the accessibility and quality of medical care for the population in remote regions. As a medical institution serving border areas, the Medical University of Mudanjiang has developed an innovative experimental educational model of “triune character” for rural doctors, driven by intellectualization technologies, in response to the shortage of medical resources in border areas and the specific public health needs at border crossing points. This model is based on the “basic knowledge-application-practical activity” educational system and is combined with a collaborative learning mechanism between the university and the regions, forming a new paradigm for training rural doctors with a deep integration of theory, practice, and clinical activities. It effectively meets the needs of training medical professionals in the border regions and around border checkpoints. In the future, the university plans to expand this model to more border provinces and border regions of neighboring countries, continuing its demonstrative and guiding role in training rural doctors, and contributing to the formation of a team of medical professionals in the border regions. Keywords: professional education, medical university, educational model, pedagogical technologies in higher medical education, innovative approaches in higher medical education, and China’s experience in training personnel for national healthcare systems | 531 | |||||
| 6856 | The subject of research is reception of V.A. Zhukovsky’s personality and works in a military newspaper Russkiy Invalid in the late 1820s and 1830s. Through the continuous sampling method, the author selects 110 materials related to Zhukovsky and divides them into 7 groups: 1) biographical materials; 2) works by Zhukovsky and their fragments; 3) announcements and entries about publishing works by Zhukovsky; 4) materials about collections, almanacs, journals containing works by Zhukovsky; 5) works by other authors dedicated to Zhukovsky or related to him; 6) literary and critical materials about works by other authors mentioning Zhukovsky; 7) critical articles on works and translations by Zhukovsky. The author considers all the groups of materials. Due to comparison with materials of the previous period (1813-1825), the article considers the reception dynamically. Compared to the previous period, the total number of materials about Zhukovsky is increasing, which demonstrates growing significance of him as a poet and a public figure. At the same time, the number of critical articles on his works is decreasing: Zhukovsky is seen more as a living classic than as an author subject to criticism. The newspaper of this period contains just 2 critical articles about Zhukovsky; both of them examine the translation of Undine by Friedrich de La Motte-Fouqué (1837) and have complimentary character. The number of biographical materials is rising; most of them reflect Zhukovsky’s teaching activity (in that period, he was teaching the heir of the throne, Tsarevich Alexander Nikolaevich) and his court life. The group 4 remains the most numerous one: 1820s and 1830s are the epoch of journals and almanacs actively publishing works by Zhukovsky. The group 2, on the contrary, has a few materials: the newspaper of this period rarely publishes Zhukovsky’s works and mainly focuses on his patriotic poems, according to its key topics. Reception of Zhukovsky in this period is versatile: the newspaper shows him as a poet, teacher, translator, artist, courtier, he is even tied to music. Although most of materials about him are informative or complimentary, not analytical, such active reception gives a rich material for literary research. Keywords: V.A. Zhukovsky, Russkiy Invalid, reception, criticism, newspapers and journals | 529 | |||||
| 6857 | In the modern system of physics education, it is important to develop students’ skills and abilities in applying the acquired knowledge to solve a wide range of practical problems from various spheres of human activity. The ability of students to solve problems of this spectrum depends on their level of functional literacy, which includes natural science and mathematical literacy. The importance of knowledge, skills and abilities in physics is difficult to overestimate. They allow students to solve problems that arise in everyday life. Our studies have shown a significant decrease in students’ cognitive activity and interest in studying physics in new regions of Russia. In order to identify the reasons for the sharp decline in the level of interest of young people in physical and mathematical sciences and technology, questionnaires were developed for a survey of students in grades VII–XI of secondary educational institutions. Over the past two years, a questionnaire survey was conducted among students of secondary educational institutions in the Zaporozhye region, who found themselves in difficult socio-economic conditions. The survey results showed a low level of interest among students in studying physics as a science. The studies have shown that students have an insufficient level of understanding of the practical significance of knowledge in physics and interdisciplinary links with mathematics and other natural sciences. Students have difficulties in applying physical theories and laws when solving problems that require basic knowledge of mathematics. The role and importance of digital technologies in the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities in studying physics and completing assignments is studied. Students have a positive attitude towards digital educational resources. Interest in studying physics can be increased through the use of digital technologies in the educational process and practice-oriented teaching methods. Further research should be aimed at developing a methodology for forming the intellectual and creative potential of students in new regions when studying physics in the context of the transition period. Keywords: physics, mathematics, digital technologies, digital educational environment, educational process, cognitive activity, natural sciences | 520 | |||||
| 6858 | The article presents the results of a study of the moral maturation plot in the short stories of the poet Anatoly Shteiger “Bricks” (1933) and “The Jew” (1934). Shteiger is one of the main representatives of the “Paris note”, the leading young émigré literary movement that promoted the aesthetics of the “human document” as optimal for Russian youth who had lost their homeland and were experiencing a spiritual crisis. Shteiger’s stories, on the one hand, are inscribed in the poetic system of this author, which makes them representative of his unique creative worldview, and on the other hand, they exist in the context of short fiction of the influential magazine “Numbers”, which published the works of the “young” and became the place of crystallization of the pessimistic worldview and ego-documentary poetics of the “Paris note”. The central problem of the fiction of “Numbers” is the problem of personal and generational self-determination: the vital and creative super-task of young emigrants consists of integration into the surrounding reality, which, being represented by the space of the modern multinational industrial West, is perceived by them as alien and hostile. In the stories of Shteiger, the condition for the autobiographical and autopsychological hero to find “his place” in the world is the establishment of a spiritual dialogue with the character-Other, in whose image the ideal hypostasis of the author’s alter ego is objectified. Growing up for Shteiger’s heroes means realizing themselves in the outside world, while remaining faithful to universal humanistic values. Interaction with the ideal Other constitutes a test for the hero’s developing morality, which he is unable to withstand due to spiritual weakness, ontologically inherent in all people and at the same time being a property of his nature, revealed in a situation of moral choice. In turn, the ethical ideal (and God as its personification) is depicted by Shteiger as transcendental to the earthly world, and its embodiment in the image of an initially imperfect person is of a transitory or illusory nature. The unattainability of the Absolute, according to Shteiger, is the cause of universal moral relativism and the internal discrepancy between the heroes and their social and cultural status. Keywords: Anatoly Shteiger, “Paris note”, short fiction from the magazine “Numbers”, the moral maturation plot, dialogue with the ideal Other | 518 | |||||
| 6859 | The study of different sublanguages terminosystems acquires special relevance in the context of cognitive research, in which it becomes possible to trace the specificity of comprehension of certain spheres of human life through the analysis of nomination methods, systematization and frame organization of the terminological units’ bulk. The aim of this study is to build a cognitive-frame model of the sphere “Medical Virology” in the modern Russian language. Materials and methods. The material of the study comprises the terms selected by the method of continuous sampling from educational and scientific medical literature on microbiology and virology. The main methods of the study include the descriptive method with its techniques like observation, analysis, synthesis, the method of quantitative counting, as well as linguistic methods proper, such as the method of definitional analysis, language modeling, frame analysis, comparative method, systemic-structural method of the description of language units. Results. The study determines the theoretical basis of cognitive-frame modeling, provides definitions of the main terms. The study also presents the cognitive-frame model of the subject area “Medical Virology”, which includes 6 main subframes characterized by different quantitative composition of terminological units: subframe “Nature of viruses”, subframe “Types of viruses”, subframe “Diagnosis of viruses”, subframe “Therapy of viruses”, subframe “Prevention of viruses. The hierarchical nature of this model, which involves dividing subframes into slots and, in some cases, microslots, was established. Quantitative calculations of the representation of terms in each subframe, slot and microslot are made, and examples of terms representing each subframe are given. The general analysis of the nature of relations between terms within the terminosystem “Medical Virology” is provided and hyper-hyponymic, synonymic, antonymic relations between terms are determined. The specificity of individual terminological nominations has been established. In particular, examples of metaphorical nomination are considered, a high percentage of borrowed names is found. Conclusion. The presented cognitive-frame model of the sphere “Medical Virology” is a hierarchically organized system, in which each subsequent level implements the semantics of the previous level, and allows to systematize the knowledge contained in this subject area, as well as to trace the specificity of relations between the elements of the system and the peculiarities of terminological nomination. The results of the study can be used in the practice of teaching various disciplines to medical students, as well as in lexicographic practice when compiling dictionaries of the relevant subject area. Keywords: cognitive approach, cognitive-frame model, frame, subframe, slot, medical terminology, medical virology | 509 | |||||
| 6860 | The paper highlights the issue of the insufficient development of diagnostic tools that allow for a comprehensive expert evaluation of interactive educational resources in the scientific and educational space of higher education institutions. The research objective was to substantiate and develop criteria-based indicators for interactive resources used in university teaching processes. The methodological basis of the study included conceptual provisions from theories on modeling in education, forecasting, simulation, and design of educational systems. A set of research methods was implemented: literature analysis, pedagogical modeling, surveying, testing, and pedagogical experimentation. The paper presents a monitoring model designed to assess the effectiveness of interactive educational resources. The model includes the following criteria: communicative interaction potential, student learning level, motivation towards studying academic subjects, critical assessment and selection of necessary information, audience coverage, personalization possibilities, performance indicators, and corresponding diagnostic instruments. The paper proposes both qualitative (lexical analysis of students’ responses and comments, case studies) and quantitative (tests, number of learners) evaluation methods within this framework. The model enables assessment of the educational potential of an interactive resource, its efficiency in the teaching process, and provides forecasts regarding possible transformations. The paper describes the process of model validation for which materials from the interactive cognitive training platform “Emotional Intelligence for Teachers” hosted on the open educational platform Stepik (https://stepik.org/course/251424/promo) were used. The paper provides the results of assessing the cognitive training platform “Emotional Intelligence for Teachers” by means of the discussed model. The gathered data shows that the initial monitoring can analyze cognitive, motivational, productive, activity, reflexive, and organizational components. Conclusions about the educational potential of digital resources based on clearly defined measurable components have been drawn. The paper states that the use of the monitoring model with established criteria and indicators serves as an effective tool for evaluating and optimizing the utilization of interactive resources in university instruction. Validation of these criteria and indicators through the example of the cognitive trainer confirmed their practical applicability and validity for assessing the educational potential of interactive resources. Keywords: interactive educational resources, effectiveness monitoring, criteria indicators, diagnostic tools, cognitive training platform, educational potential | 507 | |||||
| 6861 | Along with the study of the general business lexicon, sports, medical, and media discourse have received special attention from scholars. Recently, scientific works related to the study of not just the business language that is characteristic of a number of professional discourse areas, but also to the study of the business terminology of a specific field of knowledge, particularly the terminology that is essentially phraseological, id est, its origin is based on a particular mechanism of meaning transference of the prototypical stable combination of words, such as metaphors, metonymies, synecdoches, hyperboles, and their combinations. This work deals with the quantitative analysis of the syntactic structure of business terminological phraseology that is used in the ECONOMY domain and includes the component ‘fund’. The actual importance of the paper consists in current demand of information about the structural organization of the phraseological terminology of business English. The novelty lies in the object of research – these are phraseological units with the fund component. The object of the study, comprising fifteen hundred contexts containing these terms, was extracted through a continuous sampling from Internet resources and, above all, from the national corpus of the American version of modern English. The subject of the study is to identify two-component terms of the economic sphere, to differentiate them according to the nature of their component composition and to determine their percentage ratio. With the view of getting to the research target, (a) a set of macro-paradigmatic linguistic methods is used alongside with (b) a number of non-paradigmatic and interdisciplinary methods and techniques of linguistics, namely: (a) the structural method with its inclusive techniques of componential and quantitative analysis, (b) the method of description and the method of phraseological identification initiated by A.V. Kunin confirmed by contextual analysis of corpora textual samples. The results of the research yields a set of syntagmatic models being characteristic of twocomponent PU-terms, and makes vivid their co-relation in the modern language of the ECONIMICS domain. Having theoretical and practical value, the result can be used in typological studies of economic terminology with a complete or partially meaning transference in their components. Keywords: business phraseology, economic terminology, phraseological unit, meaning transference, component, structure | 496 | |||||
| 6862 | The study of value concepts in the poetic picture of the world of famous authors relates to the current problems of modern stylistics and linguistics of the text, cognitive linguistics, and the theory of speech communication. Of particular importance is the analysis of the linguistic means by which the poet has a dialogue with the reader and forms moral guidelines. In this context, the analysis of lexical regulativity becomes the key to a deeper understanding of speech influence methods of a poetic text on the addressee, as well as allows us to identify the features of the individual style of Yu.D. Levitansky. The purpose of the article is to analyze the specifics of lexical regulators’ functioning in the poetic texts of Yuri Davidovich Levitansky, realizing the key ideological and ethical attitudes of the author. The theoretical basis of the study was the developments in the field of the theory of regulativity as one of the areas of communicative stylistics. Within the framework of this approach, regulativity is considered as the ability of a text to direct the perception of the addressee, to influence his emotional and intellectual sphere and to build up a dialogue with him on the basis of various linguistic means, primarily lexical ones, as the most significant for expressing the meaning of the text.The material for the analysis are the poems of Yu.D. Levitansky “The Old Woman-Envy”, “Remembrance” (from the collection “Leaves are Flying”, 1956), “The Rightness of Untruth is Deceptive...” (from the collection “Directions of the World”, 1959), “An Attempt at Consolation” (from the collection “Some Day”, 1976). Each of these poetic texts presents such key concepts as “solidarity,” “respect for life,” “moral choice,” and “acceptance of life in all its complexity.” The role of lexical regulators (evaluative vocabulary, emotionally marked words, expressive epithets and metaphors), as well as syntactic structures in the interpretative activity of the reader and his/her involvement in the content is determined. Regulators form an attitude towards an active life position and solidarity with others (the poem “The Old WomanEnvy”); they actualize thoughts about the value of simple things and experience acquired through loss (the poem “Remembrance”); about the significance of truth (in the poem “The truth of untruth is deceptive…”); about accepting suffering as an integral part of life (in the poem “An attempt at consolation”). In the poetry of Yuri Davidovich Levitansky, lexical regulators are used as an important means of aesthetic influence on the reader’s consciousness. Through a system of regulatory means and structures, the poet builds up a dialogue with him, inviting him to moral reflection, involvement and spiritual understanding of life in all its diversity. Keywords: communicative stylistics, value picture of the world, theory of regulativity, lexical regulativity, regulatory means, regulatory structures, regulatory strategy, Yu.D. Levitansky | 495 | |||||
| 6863 | The target guidelines of the modern petrochemical complex are technological modernization caused by the need to introduce new technologies, improve existing technological processes, and digitalization of all stages of the production chain. The study of the prospects and dynamics of technological and digital transformation of enterprises of the petrochemical complex indicates an increase in innovative design and technological activity. In this regard, there is a demand for training qualified engineering personnel capable of design activities using digital technologies. Digital design and technological competence of process engineers is defined as the ability to optimally solve technical and technological problems using digital resources at all stages of innovative technological design: research, design and calculation, modeling and technological, managerial and technological. The analysis of the content of engineering activities on the design of improved or fundamentally new chemical-technological processes, performed using digital resources, made it possible to establish the composition of digital design and technological competence. It is determined by a set of competencies: the ability to digital geometric modeling of units and parts of devices; ability to digitally model and calculate equipment for chemical-engineering production; ability to digitally model and design real chemical-engineering processes; proficiency in digital control methods for real chemical-engineering processes. The increasingly complex content of competencies determines the need for their step-by-step formation in the process of continuous digital design and technological training of future engineers of the oil and gas chemical complex. The developed training model characterizes the structure, content, conditions for organizing the educational process for the formation of digital design and technological competence of future engineers. In accordance with the model, the formation of digital design and technological competence of future engineers is carried out in four stages. To assess the formation of digital design and technological competence, the results of the final qualification work (project) and passing the exam on computer simulators are used. A pedagogical experiment was conducted to introduce the model into the educational process of training future engineers of the oil and gas chemical complex at the Kazan National Research Technological University. Its results demonstrated the effectiveness of continuous digital design and technological training of future engineers of the oil and gas chemical complex for design activities in the digital environment. Keywords: engineer, continuous training, digital design and technology competence, modeling, design, digital resources | 477 | |||||
| 6864 | Changes in the methods and content of teaching mechanics (section “Statics”) to students in specialized engineering and technical classes, providing a close relationship with the sections of mathematics, such as algebra, geometry, etc., are proposed. The reforms of teaching of school disciplines “Physics” and “Mathematics” over the last fifty years are evaluated. It is shown that the changes introduced at the end of the XX century, firstly, broke the continuity between the content of Russian school education and the programs of engineering and technical universities; secondly, did not take into account the psychological features of cognitive processes of schoolchildren. As a result of these reforms, significant difficulties arose for the students of initial courses of engineering universities when studying fundamental disciplines. The special role of mechanics as a basis for mastering special disciplines regulated by engineering curricula is emphasized. Mechanics provides a basis for the study of natural science disciplines, ensuring the acquisition of skills necessary for the formulation and solution of many technical and engineering problems. The use of mathematical models of simple mechanisms allows the calculation of unknown forces acting in them. The construction of such models requires knowledge of algebra and geometry, including triangle similarity and graphical constructions. The inconsistency of school teaching material on mechanics with classical approaches, especially in terms of basic concepts and definitions (on the example of the section “Statics”) is revealed. The paper outlines the classical approach to the study of the basics of classical mechanics, gives correct definitions and presents the limits of applicability of theories. Examples of solving problems to determine the reactions of bonds – pressure on the surface and tension of a thread – in the conditions of equilibrium of a solid body are considered in detail. On the basis of comparison of thematic planning of working programs in mathematics and mechanics, the authors propose to synchronize thematic plans of mechanics sections (physics course) with mathematics sections in curricula for 7th – 9th grades. Keywords: school education, specialized engineering and technical classes, higher engineering and technical education, mechanics, statics, absolutely solid body, mathematical model, equilibrium of a system of forces | 469 | |||||
| 6865 | The article explores the specific features of students’ social integration within the educational environment, implemented through the collaboration between schools and the business sector. The research emphasizes the psychological and pedagogical dimensions that influence the development of students’ stable social skills, vocational self-determination, motivational sphere, and personal maturity. Ongoing transformations in the socio-economic and educational landscape necessitate the adoption of innovative approaches to student upbringing and socialization. In this context, partnerships between schools and business representatives gain particular importance, as they offer formats that facilitate students’ involvement in authentic socio-professional practices. The study aims to identify the psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure successful social integration of students through participation in educational partnerships. The objective of the research is to clarify the conceptual meaning of social integration in relation to adolescence and early youth, as well as to examine the forms of school-business interaction that contribute to the development of students’ personal and professional orientation. The research methodology includes theoretical analysis, observation, synthesis of practical experience, and case analysis of school-based projects implemented in collaboration with enterprises. Social integration is defined as a gradual and managed process of students’ inclusion into social roles through the assimilation of norms, values, and behavior patterns characteristic of professional environments. The main focus is placed on analyzing interaction processes that promote effective integration of students into public and labor spheres through participation in educational, career-oriented, project-based, and volunteer initiatives. The findings indicate that partnership projects involving business representatives support the development of such student qualities as initiative, responsibility, decision-making ability, communication skills, and teamwork competence. As a result of school-business collaboration, students demonstrate increased cognitive motivation and the unfolding of individual abilities. Specific forms of cooperation are presented, including mentoring practices, project-based activities, and participation in vocational trials. The theoretical significance of the research lies in clarifying the concept of social adaptation and distinguishing it from the process of career guidance. The practical value is reflected in the development of methodological foundations for supporting students’ inclusion into professionally oriented communities. Keywords: social partnership, student integration, career guidance, management, leadership, mentoring, career readiness, personal development, school and business, professional identity | 456 | |||||
| 6866 | The article presents the experience of methodological training for future biology teachers in organizing research activities. Research activity is considered as a system of creative work carried out through the search for new, effective forms, methods, and technologies of its organization, enhancing the professional competence of future biology teachers, and aimed at developing methodological competence. The research activity of future biology teachers is presented as a comprehensive system of the educational process, including methodological training in organizing and conducting research activities at each stage, taking into account the specifics of the disciplines studied. The content of research activities has been structured at two educational levels (bachelor’s and master’s degrees) along the trajectory of developing research activities and forming professional methodological competencies. Starting from the first year of the bachelor’s program, students specialize in departments and laboratories of biological and chemical profiles, performing a sequential series of educational research. The transition to a qualitatively new level of research activity occurs in the third year with the study of the discipline “Methods of Teaching Biology,” where methodological competencies are mastered within the framework of a research project. The trajectory of developing professional methodological competence covers all disciplines of the curriculum for the training program for biology and chemistry teachers. The model of methodological training for organizing the research activities of a teacher-researcher is presented by us in stages: the first stage–forming fundamental knowledge and understanding of pedagogical activity; the second stage–main theoretical; the third – practical; the fourth stage – improvement; the fifth–professional mastery. In the presented system, research activity has become an important component of professional methodological competence. Experimental testing of the model has shown that research activity becomes a key component of professional methodological competence. The systematic organization of work on designing, implementing, and creating new methodological products ensures the progressive development of professional competencies. The diagnostic results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed training system, demonstrating an increase in the level of formation of professional competencies among future biology teachers. A comparative analysis of diagnostic data revealed that the growth of professional competencies is associated with the organization of research activities. Keywords: рroject, research activity, methodological competence, methodological training, bachelor’s degree, master’s degree, teacher-researcher, future biology teachers | 439 | |||||
| 6867 | The issues of analyzing the specificity of the phraseological fund from the perspective of a comparative aspect do not lose their significance in modern linguistics. The purpose of this article is to identify the lexical and semantic features of phraseological units with a zoonym component in Russian and Chinese. The research work is based on the application of comparative analysis method, which allowed to identify universal and unique lexical and semantic features of phraseological units with a zoonym component in Russian and Chinese; the method of quantitative analysis was used as well, which gave the opportunity to determine the most and least frequent thematic groups of phraseological units with a zoonym component nominating the specifics of the studied linguistic cultures. It has been proven that phraseological units with a zoonym component that demonstrates human actions specific features prevail in both Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures, which is explained by the significance of implementing specific actions. It is established that the semantic field of the phraseological units under consideration represents the physical actions and deeds of a person, the commission of specific actions by a person. On the contrary, phraseological units with a zoonym component reflecting the features of a person’s appearance, namely tall stature and large figure, are included in a low-frequency group of phraseological units, since external qualities are not a factor determining social success in Russian and Chinese cultures. Russian and Chinese phraseological units with the help of zoonymic components reflect the energy and stubbornness in the character of Russians, desire to work and altruism in the character of the Chinese. It is proved that phraseological units with a zoonym component, representing the specifics of human labor activity, are included in the category of highfrequency units and reflect fundamental differences in Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures. If the Chinese phraseological foundation, with the help of the zoonymic component, symbolizes numerous accents of human labor activity, including the representation of working conditions, quality of work, and adaptation to modern realities, then the Russian phraseological foundation typically has a dual attitude to work – from excessive workaholism to unwillingness to work and a moderate pace of duties’ performance. It is proved that phraseological units with zoonymic components of the thematic group “emotions and feelings” in Russian convey a wide range of feelings’ manifestations (fear, love, sympathy, dislike, etc.), while in the phraseological fund of the Chinese language, the zoonymic component reflects such feelings as grief and sadness. Russian and Chinese languages have different degrees of emotions and feelings expression dictated by the specifics of cultures – the emotionality and openness of Russians and the closeness when expressing emotions in public of the Chinese. Keywords: phraseological unit, zoonym component, Russian phraseological fund, Chinese phraseological fund, thematic groups | 311 | |||||
| 6868 | The article addresses a pressing issue in modern education – overcoming the formal and routine nature of extracurricular activities, which often turn into additional lessons. The authors identified a contradiction between the regulatory requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education, aimed at the innovative development of the educational process, and the conservative practices of teachers, who continue to adhere to traditional teaching methods in implementing extracurricular programs, based on knowledge-centered and reproductive approaches in pedagogical practice. The aim of the study is to substantiate the methodological feasibility of the integrated application of the Total Physical Response (TPR) method and storytelling for the qualitative transformation of extracurricular activities in the German language in primary school. The theoretical foundation of the work is based on the principles of the activity-based approach, as well as research in the methodology of foreign language teaching. The article elaborates in detail on the essence and didactic potential of each method. The Total Physical Response method, based on the natural sequence for children of “perception – action – speech”, promotes involuntary memorization, reduces language anxiety, and increases engagement through physical activity. Storytelling is considered a powerful pedagogical tool that ensures not only subject-specific results but also meta-subject and personal ones, thanks to emotional immersion in a story. The main focus is on the synergistic effect of integrating the two methods: storytelling creates a meaningful and emotionally rich context, while the Total Physical Response method transforms passive listening into active physical co-creation. The practical significance of the work is reinforced by a detailed algorithm for creating and using learning stories that combine both methods, and specific examples of exercises based on an original story. The proposed methodological recommendations and stages of work (goal setting and planning, forming a textual basis, developing a kinesthetic component, integrating engagement elements, and testing materials) allow teachers to design effective and engaging lessons that contribute to overcoming the language barrier and developing spontaneous speech. Keywords: total physical response (TPR), storytelling, extracurricular activities, german language, primary school | 292 | |||||
| 6869 | The article is devoted to a comprehensive review of changes in modern ideas about the language norm, both in scientific discourse and in public consciousness. The main attention is paid to the dynamics of the norm of the Russian literary language, but some information is provided about the situation with the linguistic norm in a number of other languages, enabling a comparative analysis and the identification of general linguistic traditions. Addressing this issue is relevant nowadays, when profound shifts in public perceptions have caused noticeable changes in the language norm, which has created a sense of the needlessness of regulatory restrictions. The research material includes dictionary data, scientific research on the problem under study, as well as examples from national language corpora. The paper examines in detail the key mechanisms of the formation and evolution of the linguistic norm from the late twentieth to the early twenty-first centuries. The article touches upon the problem of the influence of colloquial speech, jargon, borrowings and Internet communication on the change of linguistic norms. The analysis of the processes in the formation of linguistic norms during this period demonstrates the main functions of literary language normalization: ensuring mutual understanding within large communities, preserving cultural continuity, and maintaining linguistic identity. Based on empirical material, it is demonstrated how the linguistic norm balances stability and adaptability, responding to communication requests while maintaining consistency. The selected language material shows that the use of previously tabooed and forbidden vocabulary in speech is no longer considered a sign of low education and morality. Instead, it is now but viewed as a verbal substitute for physical violence, a means of releasing aggression and negative emotions, while fulfilling a psychotherapeutic function for all participants in communication. However, the expansion of permissible vocabulary does not lead to the destruction of the linguistic norm and the complete abolition of all prohibitions. This only proves that the language norm is formed naturally, and the official bodies tasked with preserving language purity cannot always prevent the internal processes occurring within the language itself. In conclusion, the study emphasized that, despite the trends towards variability and liberalization, normative regulation remains an essential condition for the functioning of language as an instrument of social interaction in the modern world. Keywords: norm formation, pronouncing norm, stratification, profanity | 284 | |||||
| 6870 | The aim of the research is to identify and describe the specifics of reflecting a writer’s public linguistic persona idiolect in media communication, and to define models of communicative style variation across different media genres. The research is conducted within the framework of communicative text stylistics. The theoretical basis is A. V. Bolotnova’s model of idiolect, which includes cultural-speech, communicative, and cognitive substyles. The research material comprises discursive practices of three contemporary Russian writers: interviews and author blogs by Denis Dragunsky; interviews and the Telegram channel of Anna Matveeva; interviews by Tatyana Meyko. The study employed methods of discursive, semantic-stylistic, contextual, and comparative analysis. Based on the discursive practices of the three writers, it is proven that the idiolect of these linguistic personas in media represents a dynamic system with a stable cognitive-value core and variable communicative implementations. Three distinct models of writers’ media presentation are identified and described, demonstrating the dialectic of unity and variation in idiolect: 1) the synthesis model, characteristic of D. Dragunsky, based on blurring the boundaries between the author’s persona and a literary character through a strategy combining intellectual depth of content with confidential irony; 2) the genre code model, typical for A. Matveeva, characterized by a clear differentiation of communicative strategies – ironic self-reflection in the blog and expert analysis in interviews – while maintaining an elite speech culture across these media genres; 3) the direct transmission model, characteristic of T. Meyko, with a dominant artistic metaphorical style manifesting in media communication and serving to enhance the effect of the author’s authenticity and value orientation. Applying the comprehensive idiolect model to analyze writers’ media communication allows for identifying common and individual features in their discursive practices. It is established that successful media communication by a writer is built on varying degrees of adaptation of their individual cognitive and cultural-speech features across different media genres. The stability of a writer’s linguistic persona deep-seated attitudes, combined with flexible use of communicative tactics and strategies, is key to creating a recognizable and effective public image in the digital environment. The research results are of interest for the further development of communicative stylistics and media linguistics. Keywords: communicative stylistics of the text, idiostyle, media discourse, сommunicative style, Denis Dragunsky, Anna Matveeva, Tatyana Meyko | 284 | |||||
| 6871 | The article is dedicated to a comparative analysis of the figurative-symbolic interpretation of the tactile gesture verbalized by the verbs “толкать” (push) (Russian) and “推 (tuī)” (push) (Chinese) in Russian and Chinese linguocultures. The relevance of the work is determined by the inclusion of issues related to the representation of tactile gestures in Russian and Chinese phraseology within the general scientific trend of cross-cultural studies, as well as the limited extent of research on the specifics of cognitive models of metaphorical signification based on images of forceful tactile influence. The aim of the work is to identify the specifics of conceptualizing the frame “толкать/ 推 (tuī)” and the features of its figurative-symbolic reinterpretation, determined by differences in cultural contexts. The research material consists of Russian and Chinese phraseological units containing lexical components describing this gesture, selected from authoritative phraseological and explanatory dictionaries. The methodology includes semantic analysis of figurative meanings and metaphors, comparative analysis to identify parallels and discrepancies in the formation of the conceptual field, functional analysis of the use of units in speech, as well as analysis of cultural features entrenched in phraseology. The results of the study demonstrate that, despite the universality of using physical action as a basis for metaphorical transfer, the Russian and Chinese phraseological systems differ significantly. In the Russian language, the gesture “толкать” develops an extensive network of metaphors encoding social conflicts, competitive practices, negatively charged speech activity, and the experience of existing in confined social spaces. The semantics are characterized by duality, encompassing both positive encouragement and obstruction. In Chinese linguoculture, the gesture “推 (tuī)” undergoes significant symbolic transformation within the framework of Confucian ethics, becoming a marker of moral norms: absolute trust, compliance, hierarchy, and self-sacrifice. Grammatical structures also differ: Chinese idioms are characterized by parallelism and the use of paired characters, whereas Russian idioms predominantly feature verb-prepositional constructions. The theoretical significance of the work lies in deepening the understanding of the mechanisms of metaphorizing tactile experience and ethnocultural differences in the linguistic worldview. The research contributes to the development of comparative linguistics, linguoculturology, and phraseology theory. The practical significance of the obtained results is associated with their application in the field of intercultural communication, language teaching (teaching Russian and Chinese as foreign languages), as well as in translation practice, where it is necessary to consider the cultural connotations behind the images of seemingly similar gestures. The obtained results open prospects for further research on other concepts from the sphere of tactile interaction in various linguocultures. Keywords: tactile gestures, phraseology, comparative linguistics, linguistic culturology, metaphor, cognitive linguistics, Russian language, Chinese language, intercultural communication, figurative-symbolic interpretation | 271 | |||||
| 6872 | In the context of the country’s strengthening strategy through education, the training of master’s degree students in regional universities faces challenges such as the mismatch between supply and demand for personnel, the lack of formal collaboration between the university and the region, and the divergence in evaluation frameworks. In this study, using the methods of action research and case study, a model of collaborative training between the university and the region was developed over a period of more than two years, based on the principles of need-based approach, increased integration, and emphasis on evaluation. This model is practice-oriented and focuses on the needs of basic education, building a practical chain of “four in one”, establishing a three-dimensional mechanism of “teachers-training courses-platforms” integration, and improving the “two levels, four dimensions, six aspects” evaluation system. Practice shows that the model effectively enhances the practical and research abilities of Master of Education, solves the problem of resource shortage in regional universities, and provides an operational paradigm for training highly qualified practice-oriented Master of Education teachers in similar universities. The training of masters in pedagogy should follow the logic of “focusing on practice and focusing on the student”. Pedagogical research shows that the practical and research abilities of masters in pedagogy are developed gradually through the process of solving real pedagogical problems. The weakness of the traditional training model is that theoretical learning and simulation practice are disconnected from real-world problems, while the value of university-region collaboration lies in transforming real-world problems in basic education into training resources. Allowing masters of pedagogy, when faced with such problems as working with lagging students, integrating training courses, to actively apply theoretical knowledge, develop solutions, and reflect on the effect of practice. Such a “problem-oriented” method of preparation is much more effective than “passive theory assimilation”. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the problem orientation, facilitating the deep participation of masters of pedagogy in the reform of basic education, turning the “pain points” of practice into “key moments” of preparation. Keywords: pedagogical education, educational model, practice-oriented model, master of pedagogy, regional university, China | 269 | |||||
| 6873 | The study deals with aspectual-taxis situations in which finite verbs and adverbial participles express one actiondenotatum – motion, which represents a specific type of taxis relations – pseudosimultaneity. The relevance of the study is determined by its inclusion in the integral study of language taking into account the interaction of means of different levels in expressing semantic categories. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the works of the St. Petersburg school of functional grammar of A.V. Bondarko in which the concept of taxis as a semantic category expressing relations of simultaneity/sequence (precedence / posteriority) between actions within an integral period of time was developed and aspectual-taxis situations were described as typical categorical structures in which the semantics of taxis is expressed. At the present moment the category of taxis in the Russian language has been widely studied from the point of view of the participation of aspectual forms in expressing its semantics, while less attention has been paid to the lexical meaning of verbal lexemes. The purpose of the study is to identify and characterize the types of the situation of pseudosimultaneity in which finite verbs and adverbial participles denote motion. The material of the study consists of utterances with finite verbs of imperfective and perfective aspects nominating motion with varying degrees of concreteness and adverbial participles of imperfective aspect expressing the manner and direction of motion. The source material was the main subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language (the time period – 20th-21st centuries). As a result of the study, it was revealed that the situation of pseudo-simultaneity is realized in several types: pseudo-simultaneity of the processes of motion in the middle recorded periods; pseudosimultaneity of the general process of motion and a number of its constituent successive stages; pseudosimultaneity of the processes of motion with the actualization of the starting/ending point. The relations between the aspectual forms of finite verbs and adverbial participles in each type were identified; subgroups of verbs of motion that can function in finite and adverbial forms in one construction were identified; restrictions on collocability were established. The results of the research contribute to studying the problem of aspectual-taxis situations in the Russian language expressed in constructions with adverbial participles and finite verbs. Keywords: taxis, aspectual-taxis situations, pseudosimultaneity, verbs of motion | 268 | |||||
| 6874 | The study of the conceptual sphere of outstanding poets in the cultural and historical context of the era is important for understanding the dynamics of the author’s creativity and determining the socio-historical and cultural factors influencing it. This is of interest to cognitive linguistics, discourse theory, and communicative textual stylistics. The aim of this study is to analyze the figurative and verbal representation of the megaconcept “Woman” across different periods of A.A. Akhmatova’s poetic work. A megaconcept is considered as a complex mental formation that includes value, social and cultural dominants of the collective consciousness of people in a certain historical period, reflected in the textual activity of the author. The theoretical basis of the study was provided by works in the field of linguistics and culturology studies, gender studies and communicative stylistics of text, which includes the theories of regulation and textual associations developed therein. The last two theories are significant for effective dialogue between the author and the addressee. The research material was based on poems by A.A. Akhmatova from various years (19111960). The methods of discourse analysis, semantic-stylistic and contextual analysis, and the word-image method were used in the research process. It has been established that the study of various variants of the communicative behavior of A. Akhmatova’s lyrical heroines allows us to identify various sides of the mega-concept “Woman” and detect their determinacy in the socio-historical and cultural context of the era. Taking into account the various linguistic regulatory means and structures used by the poet, on the basis of which the dialogue with the reader takes place, the characteristic features of the poet are identified, revealing in different years the various communicative roles and models of behavior of lyrical heroines associated with the changing reality. The regulatory tools and structures used by the author provide the key to their interpretation and understanding. In her early work, she embodied images of a loving woman in various situations and a keeper of national memory; in poems from 1915–1920, she embodied a woman who was a citizen of her country; in the 1930s–1940s, she embodied a widow and grieving mother; and in the 1940s–1960s, she embodied a wise chronicler of the era. Having witnessed significant political events in the country during turning points in its existence, A.A. Akhmatova was able to vividly and figuratively embody their influence on the woman poet, and to describe her inner experiences through the images and behavior of her lyrical heroines using artistic means. The conducted research is of interest not only for the further study of the dynamics of the poetic picture of the world and the author’s idiostyle, but also for the development of a methodology for the conceptual analysis of an artistic text in the context of the era. Keywords: A.A. Akhmatova, poetic text, mega-concept “Woman”, linguocultural trend, communicative stylistics of the text | 264 | |||||
| 6875 | The article is devoted to the study of the problem of the formation of female subjectivity in the poetry of the Silver Age. The turn of the 19th–20th centuries is characterized by a rethinking of cultural and literary norms, an increase in the number of female authors, and increased attention to issues of gender, female psychology, and sexuality. The research examines models of femininity, including the concepts of the «new woman», «superwoman» and Divine Sophia, as well as analyzes the historical reception of women’s creativity, often associated with patriarchal stereotypes and criticism of women’s creativity from the perspective of the conservative literary community. The material is based on the works of poets, whose work is of key importance for understanding the evolution of women’s identity in the literature of the Silver Age. The purpose of this article is to explore the themes of female emancipation and tragic motherhood as the main strategies for expressing female subjectivity in the poetry of the Silver Age, as well as to determine their role in the transformation of gender representations of the era. The research applied such scientific methods as cultural-historical, hermeneutic and gender, allowing to consider motherhood and female emancipation as interrelated elements of identity and artistic experience. As a result of the research, it becomes clear that women’s poetry at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries demonstrates a significant shift towards understanding female subjectivity, inner world and social status of women in Russian culture. A significant result of the conducted research is the identification of the internal intertwining of the theme of tragic motherhood and female emancipation, due to their common correlation with the social role of women. The artistic interpretation of the female poets of the period under review focuses on a consistent criticism of patriarchal ideas about the social and spiritual role of women, as well as the desire to assert her creative self-sufficiency. The rejection of the gender labeling of creativity by the poets under study is important: they oppose the fixation of literature on the “feminine” or “masculine” principle. The lyrics of the authors under study proclaim the concept of a “new woman” – a personality with inner strength and resilience. Keywords: Poetry of the Silver Age, female emancipation, gender aspect, self-reflection, the motive of motherhood | 263 | |||||
| 6876 | The article is devoted to the problem of overcoming affective factors in teaching vocabulary to advanced translation students. These factors include students’ overconfidence in their language knowledge and unwillingness to shift back into a learner’s position and focus on the gaps in lexical knowledge which may result in their resistance to the learning process and negatively affect its effectiveness. It must be noted that the abovementioned factors are particular to advanced translation students and can seriously undermine the process of vocabulary acquisition and practice which constitutes an integral part of translation-oriented foreign language teaching at all levels. The aim of the present study was to develop a set of principles accompanied by learning activities which should serve as a framework for organising vocabulary instruction at the advanced levels of translation-oriented foreign language teaching. The following principles have been proposed: 1) test performance first; 2) objectivity and appropriateness of tasks; 3) systematisation of lexical knowledge; 4) narrowing the gap between receptive and productive vocabulary; 5) professional orientation of tasks; 6) independence and challenge; 7) awareness raising. The participants were 1st and 2nd- year full-time translation students (31) enrolled on a 2-year Master’s programme in simultaneous translation. The analysis of the students’ answers to the questionnaire at the end of the experiment proved the effectiveness of the proposed principles and learning activities and revealed that the participants improved their awareness of the need for constant vocabulary development, became more motivated, engaged in the process of vocabulary acquisition and satisfied with their learning outcomes. Avenues for future research in this field have also been identified. Keywords: translation-oriented foreign language teaching, advanced students, motivation, attitude, emotions, awareness | 255 | |||||
| 6877 | This study develops the theoretical and methodological foundations for analyzing taxis relations in German, drawing on the functional-semantic approach developed by A.V. Bondarko, who defines taxis as a category of temporal correlation of actions. The relevance of this work stems from the need to overcome the fragmentation of taxis studies and develop a comprehensive approach to analyzing the structural organization of taxis meanings realized through prepositional-deverbative constructions. The goal of the study is to identify the structural and semantic features of the organization of taxis contexts in German. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development and operationalization of the concept of a taxis context as a structural and semantic unity including core (deverbatives) and peripheral (prepositions, actualizers, quantifiers) components. The empirical base consists of over 5,000 examples from corpus sources (LC, DWDS). A methodological framework integrating functional-semantic and contextual analysis has enabled the identification and systematic description of two types of contextualities: primary-tactic (chronological) relations and secondary-tactic (logical-semantic) relations. Primary-tactic contextualities specialize in actualizing chronological relations (simultaneity, precedence, succession) through the integration of temporal prepositions with deverbatives and aspectual-temporal quantifiers. Secondary-tactic contextualities encompass a wide range of logical-semantic relations (modal, instrumental, medial, conditional, causal, concessive, consequential, final), where various classes of prepositions, in combination with deverbatives, form specialized semantic structures. Iterative-tactic contextualities, which actualize procedural multiplicity, occupy a special place. The structural organization of contextemes is established, including the specification of quantifiers as temporal delimiters, deverbative multiplicatives and iteratives, and specialized verb groups. The analysis demonstrates the systemic nature of the organization of taxis relations in German and confirms the effectiveness of the proposed methodological framework. The research’s potential lies in conducting a typological analysis of taxis contextemes in other Germanic languages, applying corpus linguistics methods to identify the discursive features of various types of contextemes, and developing practical applications for German language teaching. Keywords: deverbatives, taxis, taxis context, primary-taxis context, secondary-taxis context, core components, peripheral components | 254 | |||||
| 6878 | Given the increasing internationalization of higher and postgraduate education, as well as the globalization of the engineering labor market, it is necessary to develop effective methods for training foreign citizens that will ensure simultaneous mastery of professional disciplines and the language of instruction. This is especially true for the postgraduate period of study, when the adaptation academic period is very short. Traditional approaches separating language and subject training are now often insufficient to develop comprehensive professional competence. The purpose of this study is to systematize the existing methodological foundations of subject-language integrated learning (Content and Language Integrated Learning – CLIL) and to substantiate a model for adapting such training to the specifics of engineering education in a foreign-language audience. To achieve this goal, the work provides a theoretical analysis of scientific literature describing the CLIL methodology, work on linguodidactics and engineering pedagogy, and also generalizes pedagogical experience and models the educational process. The conceptual core of the proposed strategy is the CLIL methodology, from which the key components of training are considered: integration of content, development of professional communication, and cognition and culture. For the engineering context, the following has been taken into account: the dominance of subject content in the targeted development of academic discourse; emphasis on cognitive skills, taking into account the cognitive characteristics of students. A three-level adaptation model is proposed, and the key challenges of modern pedagogy and labor market requirements are identified. As a result of this study, conclusions were made and substantiated that the CLIL methodology represents an effective conceptual basis for creating an integrated educational environment, where a foreign language acts not as an end, but as a means of mastering engineering knowledge. The successful implementation of the proposed program requires interdisciplinary cooperation between linguists and teaching engineers (teachers of preparatory departments and teachers of main faculties, university researchers), and also requires the development of specialized educational and methodological materials that ensure the synchronous development of professional and communicative competencies of foreign students. Keywords: subject-language integrated learning, engineering education, postgraduate training, teaching methodology, content and language integration, vocationally oriented language teaching | 253 | |||||
| 6879 | The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of Semyon Kirsanov’s “Poema poetov” (“The Poem of Poets”, 1966), a large-scale poetic work that remains on the periphery of research attention. The aim of the study is to reveal the conceptual originality of the poem as a project of an alternative history of Russian poetry of the 20th century, implemented through the creation of a pantheon of heteronyms. The work proves that Kirsanov, using the form of a found manuscript and mystified author’s notebooks, reconstructs the lost polyphony of Soviet culture of the 1920s–1960s. Six fictional poets (Klim Smetannikov, Varvara Khokhlova, Andrey Prikhodko, Bogdan Grinberg, Gleb Nasushchny, Chrysanth Semenov) represent various, potentially possible, but historically unrealized vectors of poetic development: from “peasant cosmism” and socialist romanticism to constructivism and philosophical metapoetics. The article uses historical-literary, intertextual and comparative-typological methods. As a result of the study, it was found that the poem is not a stylization, but a revival of interrupted traditions, a synthesis of Kirsanov’s entire creative path and his aesthetic manifesto. Kirsanov’s heteronyms are understood not as stylizations, but as resurrected potentials, which makes his poetic experiment part of a cultural project to preserve an interrupted tradition. Each heteronym is analyzed as a complete artistic universe that enters into a dialogue with specific trends in Russian poetry (the works of N. Klyuev, S. Yesenin, N. Zabolotsky, M. Tsvetaeva, A. Akhmatova, V. Mayakovsky, I. Selvinsky, O. Mandelstam, V. Khlebnikov, etc.). The connection between Kirsanov’s experiment and Western European precedents of literary heteronymy (S. Kierkegaard, F. Pessoa, M. de Unamuno) is noted. It is concluded that “Poema poetov” is an act of preserving cultural memory, an archive of “saved voices”, outlining the paths that Russian poetry could have taken, but did not take under the conditions of ideological pressure. The work appears as a unique example of resistance to the canon of socialist realism through demonstrating the internal diversity and human dimension of the literary process. This spiritual testament of the poet, created in a difficult time for him, acquires new relevance today as a model of alternative historical and literary thinking. Keywords: Semyon Kirsanov, “Poema poetov” (“The Poem of Poets”), Russian poetry of the 20th century, Soviet literature, heteronym, literary mystification, alternative history of literature, poetics, intertextuality, polyphony | 248 | |||||
| 6880 | The article summarizes the results of the IV All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation “Children’s and adolescent literature: approaches to analysis, reading practices, regional context of study”, held at Tomsk State Pedagogical University on October 11–12, 2025. The plenary session identified the main areas of the conference: literary studies, sociology, and the pedagogical aspect of studying children’s literature and reading. The breakout reports had a wide range of topics: the use of folklore genres, images and motifs in children’s and youth literature, the problem of intergenerational relations, issues of tradition and continuity in the problematic and poetics of works, the pedagogical potential of creativity of modern authors, the definition of the reading range of modern children and adolescents, mechanisms of book distribution among the readership, reflection in the texts of modern authors events of a socio-historical nature. The conference featured presentations on both the works of worldfamous writers (P.P. Ershov, G.H. Andersen), as well as little-known regional writers (I.I. Likstanov, V.D. Kolupaev, E.V. Klyuev, T.E. Meiko, etc.). The research focus most often includes writers of the Soviet period and contemporary times, but equally interesting are fantasy and realistic literature, fundamental and applied issues in the study of children’s and youth literature and reading. Keywords: scientific and practical conference, children’s and adolescent literature, poetics of children’s literature, methods of teaching literature and promoting reading | 238 | |||||
| 6881 | The article is devoted to the selection names of tomatoes (tomatonyms). Its relevance is due to the attention of modern onomatology, in the framework of which the work was carried out, to the peripheral zones of national onomasticons. The main research method is synchronous and descriptive, represented by classification, interpretation, generalization, and statistical calculations. The study has proven that this feature is one of the most popular in the nomination of tomatoes, accounting for 36,3 % of the total number of names. It can be expressed directly or indirectly. In the first case, this characteristic is expressed through vocabulary with color-related roots (Алая фантазия, Белое чудо, Вишневый брауни, Голубая кровь, Желтая гора, Зеленушка, Изумрудная парча, Красным-красно, Малиновое вино, Розовая дымка, Шафрановый верблюд, Черныш, etc.). The ranking (in descending order) of colors with a frequency of over 100 is as follows: pink, red, gold, orange, crimson, black, and yellow. Indirect color transfer is based on the principle of simulating the color of tomatoes to some reference objects and phenomena in the natural world (Зебра, Лисенок, Уссурийский тигр; Арбузик, Мандаринка, Морошка; Сибирский малахит, Янтарь; Волшебная радуга, Солнышко, Лунная дорожка), humans (Африканец, Краснокожие, Матросик, Тайсон), and artifacts (Крашенка, Огниво). The material under study has allowed us to identify a range of realities that are actively used to describe the color of fruits (Голова негра, Уголек, Ночка – Киви, Болото, Могучий Шрэк). The most obvious way to express color is through adjectives that have a specific color meaning in dictionaries (e.g., chocolate and apricot), and nouns that refer to objects with minimal variation in color (e.g., emerald and agate) and are widely recognized (e.g., beetroot and kumquat). It has been suggested that a certain part of color names can be considered a transitional variety between direct and indirect ways of expressing the color feature (Медовый самурай, Медные трубы). The identified variety of linguistic means for denoting color is determined by the need to differentiate a large number of cultivars with similar characteristics and the requirement not to repeat the name in order to comply with copyright law. Keywords: onomatology, agronyming, pragmophytonyms, breeding names, tomatonyms, and color names | 235 | |||||
| 6882 | The article examines how narrative strategies are realized in James Jones’s novel The Thin Red Line. The theoretical framework is V.I. Tyupa’s concept of narrative strategies, which makes it possible to reconstruct the internal organization of narration as a system of communicative intentions, modes of focalization, and regimes of representing experience. The analysis of the novel’s artistic structure reveals the interaction of two principal vectors – naturalization and documentalization – which jointly construct a multilayered model of wartime experience and configure a hybrid chronotope. The strategy of naturalization operates at the imagistic and descriptive levels: the text produces extreme material concreteness, topographically specifies the landscape and combat positions, and details weaponry, army routine, and a specific idiom; the transforming and traumatic experience is rendered both reflexively and through minute sensory notations. The characters’ interior discourse is organized as an alternation of interior monologue and free indirect discourse; the figure of the “reflective hero” functions as an instrument of selfobservation, self-splitting, and estrangement. The study underscores Jones’s continuity with the naturalist tradition in analyzing human behavior under extreme conditions, including motifs of determinism and the demythologization of the heroic. The strategy of documentalization is implemented through autobiographical elements, factual precision in reconstructing combat episodes, techniques of an “effect of presence,” and motif-thematic correlations with real events of the Second World War. The functions of the unreliable narrator and the image of a “collective hero” secure a plurality of perspectives, a polyphony of viewpoints, and a loosening of the linear chronotope. A cumulative type of narration and a montage-like composition shape a fragmentary, mosaic perception of events; temporal shifts, repetition, retardation, and shifts in angle intensify the effect of chaos and semantic indeterminacy. Throughout, the article argues that the synergy of naturalization and documentalization constitutes a structural invariant of Jones’s entire Army Trilogy, as corroborated by comparative observations on the other novels in the cycle. The conclusion substantiates the hybrid artistic structure of the novel (chronicle-like features, autobiographism, naturalist optics, elements of mythopoetics) and interprets Jones’s narrative strategy as a mode of comprehending wartime experience through narrative decentration, traumatic memory, and individualized consciousness, which aligns the text with key practices of postwar modernism. Keywords: The Thin Red Line, James Jones, war prose, documentation, naturalization, narrative strategies | 235 | |||||
| 6883 | The purpose of this paper is to study the variants of French Wh-questions and to identify the specificity of each of them in semantic and morphosyntactic terms. The analysis is based on French films, mainly of the last decade, which contain many dialogues that vividly illustrate modern colloquial speech. The interrogatives were divided into four types depending on their grammatical structure: three types are constructed with direct word order (Wh-fronting, in situ, est-ce que) and the last one – a verb-subject inversion. It was found that the most frequent is the Wh-in situ questions. It is more often used to clarify information within a known context, but it can also be used to request new information when the speaker has no idea about possible answer options. However, due to its morphosyntactic specificity, this structure is not universal. In second place in terms of prevalence are questions with est-ce que, used to ask for new information not related to the previous context and acquire additional emphatic meaning. A question with Wh-fronting + direct word order has a more limited distribution, used primarily for the purpose of clarifying the reasons and circumstances of the interlocutor’s actions. The compatibility with interrogative words varies for different types of questions: questions of type 1 are constructed with quoi, où and others, except pourquoi; type 2 – with pourquoi, comment, type 3 – with que. The subject-verb inversion is relatively rarely used in modern spoken French and is clearly contrasted with all other structures. It is shown that the variants of a Wh-question are not interchangeable. The main factor in choosing one or another form is the communicative intention of the speaker, as well as the grammatical and semantic specificity of each variant. Keywords: morphosyntax, semantics, Wh-questions, variability, asking for information | 232 | |||||
| 6884 | The dark academy novel of the 2000s–2020s draws its genre inspiration from the campus novel of the 1950s–1990s. However, these subgenres are in some ways opposed. This article analyzes the similarities and differences between the "dark academy" and the campus (university, academic) novel. The goal of this study is to identify the logic of the transition from one genre form to the other. The similarities between the two stages of understanding the university theme include, firstly, the commonality of life material; secondly, the abundance of cultural and symbolic allusions and the assumed readiness of the reader (he should be from the scientific and educational environment); thirdly, the artistic study of stereotyped and role-based behavior (the eccentric scientist and other stereotypes); fourthly, the isolation of the university environment ("a small world"); fifthly, the idea of aristocracy, the exclusivity of representatives of this world – and ironic doubt in this; sixthly, the flavor of mystery, of hidden knowledge. At the same time, these stages of artistic embodiment of the university theme are very different, sometimes even opposing. In the classic university novel, we see a serious, realistic study of the socio-psychological, historical-cultural, and sometimes political problems of the university environment (elements of irony and parody also serve important purposes, such as satire). In the "dark academy," entertainment in the spirit of popular culture reigns supreme, substituting and weakening pressing life problems and the demands of adult responsibility, offering a respite from the above-mentioned. The first stage of the genre's tradition was dominated by the notion of a lofty mission for university life, closed ("secret") to the outside world, complicated by questions about the possible illusory nature of this mission or the hero's weakness and inadequacy for the lofty cause. In contemporary prose, instead, a playful assumption about the sinister, conspiratorial underbelly of the closed university world is realized, tinged with a dark, gothic flavor. The article shows that this opposition is relative and becomes possible on the basis of a deep kinship, due to a significant change in emphasis in common denominators (the concepts of template and mystery). Keywords: Campus novel, University novel, Dark academia, genre continuity, Academic novel, Genre poetics of modern literature, English-American prose, John Edward Williams, “Stoner”, Donna Louise Tartt, “The Secret History” | 45 | |||||
| 6885 | This article presents a functional and typological analysis of Russian online resources, allowing for the optimization of the selection and integration of digital tools into the linguodidactic process, particularly in the teaching of Russian as a second language. The relevance of this study stems from the dynamic development of digital technologies, the changing student population, and the demands for personalized learning, which are currently a widespread trend in Russian education. The approach to systematizing and summarizing specialized information is new. It is based on an analysis of the current state of the digital educational environment in the designated subject area, identifying criteria for resource typology, classifying resources based on functionality, taking into account not only technical and interface features but also the linguodidactic potential of each type, and assessing the effectiveness of using the identified resource types in teaching bilinguals and foreign speakers. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is comprised of fundamental works in the fields of linguodidactics, methods of teaching Russian as a second language, e-learning theory, as well as contemporary research in digital humanities and computer-aided linguodidactics. The research methodology includes systems analysis, content analysis of online resources, and pedagogical observation. The practical significance of the study lies in the creation of an applied classifier that can be used by teachers to design courses on Russian as a second language, by authors of teaching aids to develop digital support, and by educational institution administrators to create a digital educational environment. The main results of the study suggest that the effectiveness of teaching Russian as a second language directly depends on the informed choice of the type of online resource appropriate to the learning stage, the communicative task, and the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of bilingual and non-native students. The identified functional resource types demonstrate diverse didactic potential: from the automation of grammar skills (training platforms) to authentic communication and linguistic identity development (social networks and simulators). Further development of the problem of organizing online resources in the field of teaching Russian as a second language will help identify prospects for the creation of new, more advanced educational products capable of ensuring high-quality teaching of Russian as a second language in the digital world. Keywords: digitalization of education, digital educational environment, digital competence of a teacher, digital technologies, network communications, online educational resources, online resources for educational purposes, linguodidactics, linguodidactic potential of online resources, Russian as a second language | 43 | |||||
| 6886 | Contextual senses of a word with a landscape semantics reflect an individual world picture of the author. The word snow has a rich and diverse semantics in Russian poetry. The purpose of the article is to consider semantic and stylistic features of the image of snow in the poetry by a contemporary poet Tayana Tudegesheva (1957–2022) based on analyzing lexical structure of a poetic text. Semantic and stylistic analysis is based on ideas of M. N. Kozhina (the concept of imaginative literary concretization) and N. S. Bolotnova (the concept of lexical structure of a poetic text). Description of textual syntagmatics and paradigmatics considers expressive means representing different levels, although the lexical level is recognized as the main one. Associative and verbal network of the text is studied in accordance with the author’s idea and the reader’s reception patterns. Each associative direction, as a contextual “group of associations with a common strategy” (A. P. Klimenko), creates a specific aspect of the image. Verses and poems of the collection The Celestial Flight of the Nine-Eyed Arrows (2007) by Tayana Tudegesheva are material for semantic and stylistic analysis. The authors of the article selected 16 (from total 110) texts containing lexical representants of the image of snow, which were analyzed regarding their contextual syntagmatic and paradigmatic connections. In the poetry by Tayana Tudegesheva, the image of snow not only reflects climate of her motherland, Gornaya Shoria (Mountain Shoria), but also expresses connotations of several topics important for the poet. Semantic and stylistic analysis of the poems and verses of the collection The Celestial Flight of the Nine-Eyed Arrows shows that the contexts containing words with the root snow (-sn’eg- or -sn’ezh- in Russian) can be divided into three groups: autopsychological, ethnocultural, and philosophical. All the five Russian parts of the book contain the image of snow. The words representing this image are especially numerous and diverse in the contexts actualizing the topic of love: snow, snowflakes, snowfall, snow-white. In accordance with the poetics of contrast, Tayana Tudegesheva includes the word snow into pairs of antonyms actualizing contextual meanings; she uses alliteration and such epithets as silent, white, shining, untrodden. Tayana Tudegesheva personifies snow, for example, through the image of grey hair, which is constant in her poetry. The epithet snow defines mountains, peaks, a dress of the “snowstorm shaman”, wind, peace. Snow is also an object of comparison: two comparative contexts contain the image of flowers realizing the topic of love, while another one is ethnocultural and contains the portrait of a snowstorm spirit. Authopsychological contexts of the image of snow are tied to the topic of love and thoughts of the heroine’s way. Ethnocultural contexts demonstrate the topic of destiny of the Shor people, their beliefs and traditions. Philosophical contexts include the topic of a constant movement, change of stages, periods, and epochs. Keywords: semantic and stylistic analysis, communicative stylistics of text, lexical structure of a poetic text, semantic lexical paradigms, image of snow, idiostyle of T. Tudegesheva | 36 | |||||
| 6887 | An adequate translation implies recreating the form and content of the original using the means of another language. This is achieved by using language tools that are not necessarily precise at the vocabulary level, but rather accurate at the textual level. A translation can be adequate without being completely equivalent. This is possible when translating literary texts, where the translator is free to choose a pun in the target language, replacing the pun in the original language with it. Some researchers also suggest translating proverbs as phraseological units, selecting a corresponding equivalent in the target language. However, in academic translations of proverbs, such options are unacceptable, even though proverbs are miniature literary texts. The translator must strive for maximum adequacy and equivalence in translating proverbs, which is often impossible. Proverbs containing ethnolinguistic markers – proverb components that carry cultural memory and for which direct equivalents are not always available in the target language – are particularly challenging to translate. The presence of ethnolinguistic markers necessitates linguocultural commentary when translating proverbs in paremiographic publications. This paper aims to demonstrate examples of adequate proverb translation from typically different languages, taking into account proverbial translation factors, and to substantiate the need for linguacultural commentary in academic translations of proverbs from Slavic, Baltic, Turkic, Finno-Ugric, Mon-Khmer, Atlantic, and Japanese-Ryukyuan languages. The author's data base of proverbs from Russian, Latgalian, Tatar, Tuvan, Hungarian, Mari, Khmer, Fula, and Japanese served as the material for this study. Examples of proverbs are taken from authoritative collections of proverbs included in the bibliography. The paper provides a linguacultural analysis and commentary to identify the linguistic features and cultural meanings contained in the proverbs. The examples presented in the article demonstrate the unique ethnocultural component of proverbs in typically different languages and emphasize the role of linguacultural commentary. Grammatical structure has little influence on translation, as it is based on the structure and resources of the target language. Keywords: paroemia, translation, adequacy, equivalence, linguacultural commentary, ethnolinguistic markers | 34 | |||||
| 6888 | The 1990s saw major changes in the socio-political life of Russia. These changes also had a significant impact on the development of the media. Studying this process is relevant for identifying the dynamics of the journalistic worldview as a whole and analyzing its specific features in the regional press. The purpose of this article is to analyze headline sets in Tomsk newspapers of the 1990s and examine their typology and functions. The study analyzed 140 headline sets from two periodicals: Krasnoe Znamya and Tomskiy Vestnik for 1992 and 1993. The primary research methods were descriptive, comparative, contextual, and semantic-stylistic analysis. The article examines various perspectives on the definition of a headline and its functions. The works of I.R. Galperin, I.A. Syrov, E.A. Lazareva, O.P. Semenets, L.A. Mankova, and others were analyzed. Headlines were examined in terms of their structure, subject matter, and function. An analysis of the functional characteristics of the headline texts of Tomsk periodicals from the 1990s revealed that the propaganda function of Soviet-era headlines was replaced by an advertising function. Newspaper headlines were no longer intended to promote communist ideology, but their primary function became to influence and impact the addressee, engaging the reader in the text. The researchers identified informative, nominative, pragmatic, graphic-highlighting, and reference functions in newspapers of this period. These functions also underwent changes in connection with changes in the state structure and ideological direction. Structurally, headline sets of publications from the 1990s primarily consist of a masthead, a section, and a lead; subheadings are less common. A significant feature of Tomsk press article headlines is the appearance of colloquial, slangy language on newspaper pages. This is due to the abolition of censorship, the proclamation of freedom of speech, and the desire of authors to be closer to the people. From the simple construction and simple sentence in Soviet-era newspaper headlines, journalists moved to the use of rhetorical questions and exclamations, parcellation, puns, and the use of phraseological units, metonymy, and metaphors to further attract attention and influence the reader. This study is of interest for further exploration of the dynamics of journalistic worldviews using newspaper headline sets in the context of the era. Keywords: headline complexes, Tomsk press of the 90s, regional press, functions of headline complexes, headline structure | 33 | |||||
| 6889 | The article examines the transition in Russian universities from traditional term papers, viewed as a means of accumulating and verifying theoretical knowledge, to team-based project work. The authors explore such concepts as "team," "teamwork," "team skills," "team skills assessment methodology," and "project-based learning," establishing a correlation between team skills and the professional competence of educators. The paper provides examples of teamwork among fourth-year students majoring in 45.03.02 "Linguistics" during their team project internship. A list of eight questions for faculty project supervisors is proposed, which helped evaluate the methodological value of replacing traditional term papers with team projects, as well as the development of students' soft skills. The implementation of the project-based approach has led to significant progress in developing students' productive teamwork skills and their psychological readiness for effective participation in team projects. However, the study highlights that this form of learning has certain drawbacks for the development of independent research skills, as it deprives students of the opportunity to complete the full cycle of writing an individual academic paper. On the other hand, team project work offers distinct advantages over individual term papers in the training of future foreign language teachers: it provides more opportunities to simulate a real work environment, fosters practical teaching skills through the exchange of ideas and methodological insights, and develops key pedagogical competencies such as group cooperation, role distribution, and task planning. Therefore, a balance is required between fostering teamwork skills and maintaining the depth of scientific research training traditionally provided by individual student term papers. Further research is needed to integrate team projects as an option for completing coursework into the university practice of training future foreign language teachers. Keywords: individual coursework, team project work, students in the field of Linguistics, universal competencies, teamwork | 33 | |||||
| 6890 | The purpose of the article is to present the results of a comprehensive analysis of the subjective semantics of the emotive-nominee happiness, considered in systemic, speech and associative relations. The research material includes dictionary definitions of happiness; speech fragments including happiness, taken from the journalistic subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language; associative field "Happiness", obtained as a result of a free associative experiment. Analysis of definitions required methods of component analysis and the stepwise identification, the analysis of the associative field required the construction of a semantic gestalt in order to model the psychological meaning of emotive-nominee. The key tool for analyzing speech and associative material is a system of parameters that allows to identify the specifics of the emotional situation’s components. A comparative analysis of lexicographic, speech and associative data represented that it is the components of the emotional situation that play a key role in the formation of the subjective semantics of the emotive-nominee. As a result of comprehensive study, it was revealed that some of the units that fill the positions of components in the structure of an emotional situation of happiness are subordinated to a common semantic dominant, in this case dominant is axiological. Since the available associative material reflects to a greater extent the features of the paradigmatic and associative relations of the studied emotive-nominee, the prospect of research may be to conduct a directed associative experiment in order to deepen the understanding of the syntagmatic connections of emotive-nominee. Keywords: emotions, subjective semantics, associative field, parameters, semantic gestalt, psychological meaning | 31 | |||||
| 6891 | The relevance of the research is due to the need to comprehend the author's editing strategies in the works of Symbolist poets as a manifestation of the evolution of their poetics and worldview. Andrey Bely's poem "Melancholy" (1904) is a indicative case of textual transformation: during the reissue of the "Ashes" collection in 1929, a single text of seven quatrains was divided by the author into two independent poems – "Melancholy" (3 quatrains) and "The Double" (4 quatrains). The aim of the study is to identify the internal logic of this division, proving that it is not an editorial accident, but reflects the deep semantic dynamics of the early conception. The material comprises three versions of the text: the original (1904), the first edition of "Ashes" (1909), and the second edition (1929). The methodological basis is a comprehensive approach, including textual, comparative, and structural-semantic analysis, which allows for the examination of the evolution of the imagery system, spatio-temporal organization, and subject structure. The study proves that the division of the text is a deliberate authorial strategy that reveals a fundamental difference between two lyrical phases. The first part ("Melancholy") represents a state of passive contemplation by a dissolving subject in the enclosed space of a restaurant. The second part ("The Double") unfolds the drama of an active confrontation with the "other" in an open urban space. The key marker of this transformation is the symbol of the mirror, evolving from a passive interior object to the metaphysical principle of "mirror depth" generating the double as a living, pursuing force. It is concluded that the division of the text in the 1929 edition is an act of self-reflection by a mature poet, crystallizing the inner drama of the early conception and demonstrating how the text is able to outgrow the original boundaries, gaining a new semantic depth. The theoretical significance lies in refining the understanding of the Symbolist text's dynamics, the nature of duality, and the role of self-reflection in the works of Andrey Bely. Keywords: Andrey Bely, Symbolism, textology, the double, mirror, text transformation, poetics of fragment, "Ashes", 1929 edition | 31 | |||||
| 6892 | An overview of contemporary works allows us to state that the theme of moving to the Soviet past is popular both in “general” and in children’s and youth literature. In the article, the relevance and significance of understanding the genre of the novel about schoolchildren who find themselves in the Soviet past are justified, firstly, by the significant volume of literary works written in this genre in the last two decades, secondly, by the attention of modern society to the history and culture of the 20th century, and thirdly, by the issues raised in the texts about schoolchildren who find themselves in the Soviet past (self-determination, understanding of history, both family and country-wide). The analysis of Anna Koksharova's story "Olya-lya from the Sixth Squad" is conducted in comparison with the genre formula and in the context of studying the literature of time travel in general. The main elements of the genre formula about children who travel back in time to the Soviet past include: the basis is a school or vacation story; the suddenness and relative proximity of the time of travel as the starting point of the plot; characters are present in two time layers at different points in the story; the significance of the border locus in the organization of space, and the use of juxtaposition and contrast in creating a cultural and historical image of two eras. It has been established that A. Koksharova's work is a vacation story and includes all the listed elements of the genre formula about children who find themselves in the Soviet past. Like the works of other writers (T. Kryukova, A. Zhvalevsky, E. Pasternak, A. Remez), the story under analysis emphasizes the technological and socio-cultural differences between modern and Soviet society, as well as differences in speech, habits, and social norms. At the same time, it emphasizes the permanence of moral guidelines and values, such as friendship, mutual assistance, and loyalty to family and friends. A. Koksharova's text differs from the genre formula, firstly, by the presence of guide characters who impart knowledge about the Soviet past to modern teenagers, and secondly, by references to other works about time-travelers. The characters in the story associate their experiences with the plot of the film "Kholop" (Serf). They are created with pre-existing ideas about time-traveled characters, so they do not experience horror or fear; they approach the task of returning to their own time pragmatically. Keywords: schoolchildren who have been transported, the Soviet past, a children's summer camp, Soviet everyday life, the interconnection of times, the post-Soviet crisis of identity, and sociocultural differences | 31 | |||||
| 6893 | The issues of analyzing the specificity of the phraseological fund from the perspective of a comparative aspect do not lose their significance in modern linguistics. The purpose of this article is to identify the lexical and semantic features of phraseological units with a zoonym component in Russian and Chinese. The research work is based on the application of comparative analysis method, which allowed to identify universal and unique lexical and semantic features of phraseological units with a zoonym component in Russian and Chinese; the method of quantitative analysis was used as well, which gave the opportunity to determine the most and least frequent thematic groups of phraseological units with a zoonym component nominating the specifics of the studied linguistic cultures. It has been proven that phraseological units with a zoonym component that demonstrates human actions specific features prevail in both Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures, which is explained by the significance of implementing specific actions. It is established that the semantic field of the phraseological units under consideration represents the physical actions and deeds of a person, the commission of specific actions by a person. On the contrary, phraseological units with a zoonym component reflecting the features of a person's appearance, namely tall stature and large figure, are included in a low-frequency group of phraseological units, since external qualities are not a factor determining social success in Russian and Chinese cultures. Russian and Chinese phraseological units with the help of zoonymic components reflect the energy and stubbornness in the character of Russians, desire to work and altruism in the character of the Chinese. It is proved that phraseological units with a zoonym component, representing the specifics of human labor activity, are included in the category of high-frequency units and reflect fundamental differences in Russian and Chinese linguistic cultures. If the Chinese phraseological foundation, with the help of the zoonymic component, symbolizes numerous accents of human labor activity, including the representation of working conditions, quality of work, and adaptation to modern realities, then the Russian phraseological foundation typically has a dual attitude to work – from excessive workaholism to unwillingness to work and a moderate pace of duties’ performance. It is proved that phraseological units with zoonymic components of the thematic group “emotions and feelings” in Russian convey a wide range of feelings’ manifestations (fear, love, sympathy, dislike, etc.), while in the phraseological fund of the Chinese language, the zoonymic component reflects such feelings as grief and sadness. Russian and Chinese languages have different degrees of emotions and feelings expression dictated by the specifics of cultures – the emotionality and openness of Russians and the closeness when expressing emotions in public of the Chinese. The relevance of the study is determined by the stable presence of comic strips in contemporary media culture and their active circulation in intercultural communication. As a form of popular culture, comics represent an important component of global media discourse, combining verbal and visual elements and forming a specific type of creolized text. In such texts, meaning and comic effect arise from the interaction of several semiotic modes, including linguistic, graphic and visual components. This multimodal nature creates additional challenges for translators since humour is often based on wordplay, cultural references and context-dependent stylistic devices. Therefore, the problem of preserving comic effect in translation becomes particularly significant in the analysis of comics as creolized media texts. The aims of the research are to identify the linguistic devices used to create comic effect in the English-language comic strip “Garfield” and to determine the strategies employed to render these devices in Russian translations produced in different chronological periods. The corpus includes 200 comic strips belonging to two time spans: 1990–1994 and 2019–2024. The methodological framework of the study is based on the functional approach to translation, the concept of translation as rewriting, the theory of creolized texts and contemporary research on multimodal media discourse. Stylistic, comparative and quantitative methods are applied in order to identify stylistic devices, analyse their frequency and determine the dominant translation strategies. The analysis identified 476 instances of stylistic devices used to create comic effect. The results demonstrate the predominance of lexical–semantic means, primarily irony, hyperbole and pun, while syntactic devices and techniques based on the interaction between text and image also play a significant role. A comparative analysis of translations from the two periods reveals a shift in dominant translation strategies. Translations of 1990–1994 are characterized by adaptation and generalization aimed at simplifying the linguistic structure, whereas translations of 2019–2024 demonstrate a stronger orientation toward literal translation, calquing and the preservation of formal and stylistic features of the original text. The theoretical significance of the study lies in clarifying the mechanisms of comic effect in creolized media texts and in identifying the relationship between stylistic devices and translation strategies in multimodal discourse. The practical significance consists in the possibility of applying the results in translation practice, comic localization and the training of translators specializing in multimodal and media translation. Keywords: translation studies, comic effect, comic strip, Garfield, creolized text, translation strategies | 29 | |||||
| 6894 | This study examines the development of the bilingual linguistic identity of foreign students living in a foreign cultural environment. It is hypothesized that the main factors in the development of the secondary linguistic identity of foreign students are the duration of stay in the country of the target language and the intensity of communication with native Russian speakers. To achieve the goal of the study, psycholinguistic methods of observation and survey were used. Fifty-eight students from different countries served as informants. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the use of new linguistic material containing information on the development of the bilingual linguistic identity of foreign students. The obtained results can be applied in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The most effective method for studying the development of the secondary linguistic identity for the purpose of exploring the manifestation of individual and collective consciousness and self-awareness is the analysis of the linguistic means used. It is clear that regular surveys as a method for studying the secondary linguistic identity are essential for both teachers and students. They help collect objective data and facilitate self-reflection. Open-ended questions and their answers are highly informative, as the resulting mini-texts not only contain the required information but also help to record student errors. When examining the study's hypothesis, it was found that the duration of study influences the development of a secondary linguistic identity, while the frequency of communication with native Russian speakers is not a significant factor. It can also be argued that the open-ended question about difficulties was the most revealing in identifying the characteristics of secondary linguistic identity development in Russia. Recommendations for conducting Russian language classes include more frequent project-based work with international students to more actively introduce them to the culture of their country. During classes outside the classroom, students interact with native Russian speakers, listen to rapid speech, navigate real-life situations, learn more about the culture, and receive emotionally charged information related to the Russian language. Keywords: linguistic personality, secondary linguistic personality, cultural identity, factors in the development of secondary linguistic personality | 28 | |||||
| 6895 | The article is devoted to a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the communicative-activity approach (CAA) as a methodological basis of modern linguodidactics, in particular, the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL). The aim of the study is to systematize the theoretical foundations, principles, and modern trends in the development of the CAA, as well as to critically comprehend the transformation of its key categories in the context of the integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI). The work applies methods of theoretical analysis (historicalgenetic, comparative) and conceptualization. The "Material and Methods" section justifies the selection of theoretical sources and the methodological apparatus of the study. The "Results" present a retrospective analysis of the formation of the CAA in the context of cultural-historical psychology (L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, P.Ya. Galperin) and its adaptation in linguodidactics (I.A. Zimnyaya). Its main principles are defined and detailed: activity basis, situationality, communicative orientation, learner-centeredness. Modern trends in foreign language teaching methodology (2020-2024) are analyzed, including the deepening of principles, integration with digital technologies (simulations, dialogue trainers) and problematization of the approach. The main theoretical result is the reconsideration of the key categories of the CAA through the lens of prompt engineering. It is established that prompt engineering acts as a new mediating action within the structure of educational activity in Russian as a foreign language (RFL), while generative AI serves as a complex amotivational tool (intellectual instrument). It is shown that the goal in this activity becomes objectified and materialized in the prompt text, turning into an expanded orienting basis. A three-part structure of communication is revealed: 1) quasi-communication with AI as a trainer for precise speech; 2) live communication between teacher and student regarding the results and strategies of working with AI; 3) the prompt as a communicative artifact. It is proven that the motivational sphere remains the prerogative of the human, and genuine joint activity and development occur in the "teacher-student" dyad, where the educator creates a "zone of proximal development" for mastering new digital literacy. The theoretical significance of the work lies in expanding and adapting the classical categorical apparatus of the CAA to the conditions of anthropotechnical synthesis. The practical value lies in providing methodological guidelines for designing the RFL educational process with the integration of AI technologies, where the focus shifts to the development of metacognitive skills and new digital literacy. Keywords: communicative-activity approach, Russian as a foreign language (RFL), linguodidactics, prompt engineering, generative artificial intelligence, learning activity, communicative competence | 28 | |||||
| 6896 | In modern political communication, an arsenal of speech strategies and tactics of their implementation is actively used to exert manipulative influence on the mass addressee. Cooperative speech strategies are often used to increase the number of potential supporters of politics. The strategy of sacred legitimation is one of them. The purpose of the study is to study the cooperative speech strategy of sacred legitimization used by Donald Trump in public speeches after the attempt on his life on July 13, 2024. The strategy under study is aimed at constructing a narrative of sacrifice and divine election, which serves as the highest form of legitimization, transforming a political candidate into a figure of a Messianic-redemptive kind. The article analyzes three tactics that implement the speech strategy of sacred legitimation: 1) sacralization of the event through the narrative of miraculous salvation and direct appeals to Providence; 2) construction of the collective heroic identity of the “community of destiny” through an inclusive “we” and the glorification of supporters; 3) demonstrations of moral leadership by shifting the focus to victims among “their own” and acts of material solidarity. These tactics perform not only a communicative and integrative, but also a myth-making function, allowing us to translate the political crisis into the plane of sacred history and create an emotional and symbolic alliance with the audience. The main means of implementing these tactics are: vocabulary with religious and providential semantics (God, miracle, blessing, fate, divine intervention), metaphors of physical unity and struggle (stand together, fight as one, bullet for democracy), epithets with heroic connotation (brave, unbreakable, fearless), repetitive syntactic constructions (the inclusive we in conjunction with the verbs of volition), rhetorical questions, antitheses (life / death, weakness / strength), as well as performative statements that formalize acts of solidarity. The source of the material was a 44-page corpus of texts of D. Trump’s key speeches, including a speech at the Republican Party convention on July 18, 2024, as well as his first public comments after the incident. The empirical basis of the research is 145 contexts in which the cooperative speech strategy of sacred legitimization is objectified. In extraordinary circumstances, the cooperative strategy achieves its highest goal – absolute legitimization – through an appeal to archetypal, mythological and religious layers of consciousness, which requires a revision of approaches to the analysis of political speeches in situations of extreme instability. Keywords: cooperative speech strategy, speech tactics, narrative, means of speech influence, political communication, Donald Trump | 26 | |||||
| 6897 | The problem of research attention to the formation of the content of professional (including pedagogical) education is supported by active processes of change within the spheres of professional activity, which imposes a certain new set of requirements for ensuring such professional training that would allow a professional to feel fully responsible and competent at the start of their professional career. In current practice, teachers are required to meet a wide range of requirements, including subject-specific competence in their field of study, as well as psychological and pedagogical competence, including proficiency in modern pedagogical and information technologies, knowledge of related subject areas and knowledge domains that ensure meta-subjectivity in the learning process, as well as social and professional mobility and the ability to grow and improve professionally. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the phenomenon of "professional and pedagogical culture of a future teacher" in the humanitarian aspect, and to identify and describe its significant structural components. The scientific novelty and relevance of the study lie in the identification of a theoretical understanding of the process of forming the professional and pedagogical culture of a future teacher in conjunction with the practice of university training in the humanitarian aspect. The theoretical significance of the study is determined by the analysis and description of the structural components of the phenomenon of "professional and pedagogical culture of a future teacher," based on the analysis of scientific sources and current educational practices. The research materials included scientific and methodological studies by Russian scientists in the field of teacher professional culture research, which allowed for a phenomenological analysis and presentation and description of the components of the future teacher's professional and pedagogical culture. The main research methods were theoretical analysis of psychological, pedagogical, and methodological literature, analysis of educational programs, and pedagogical observation. Within the framework of the study, the phenomenon of "teacher's professional and pedagogical culture" is considered as a system of interconnected components (epistemological, humanistic, communicative, methodological, regulatory, and information and technological), and the content of professional training is viewed as a component of the holistic pedagogical process that organically includes the interconnected subject content, value orientations, and social norms. This approach has led to a significant focus on changing the forms and methods of professional training. The phenomenon of the professional and pedagogical culture of a future teacher can be considered as a multifaceted personal manifestation through a set of competency indicators that include not only personal abilities and qualities, but also unite a wide range of professionally oriented elements into a single indivisible whole. Keywords: professional and pedagogical culture of a future teacher, teacher professionogram, professional competence, competencies | 26 | |||||
| 6898 | The article examines the philosophical foundations of applying the theory of sociocultural determinism in the language education of internationally oriented specialists in Chinese studies. The relevance of the research is determined by the deepening processes of globalization and intercultural integration in the modern world and by their impact on the content, aims and axiological guidelines of language education aimed at training specialists who possess a set of competencies for effective participation in intercultural communication between Russia and China in various fields of professional activity. The purpose of the article is to provide a theoretical understanding of how the ideas of sociocultural determinism offer worldview, methodological and value‑based foundations for designing the language education of specialists in Chinese studies, taking into account Chinese cultural specificity, contemporary transformations of the global sociocultural space and new challenges of the modern world. The methodological basis of the research consists of historical, ontological, axiological and comparative approaches, which is making it possible to reveal the interrelation of language and culture and their interaction within the sphere of people’s social activity. The study uses the method of analyzing domestic and international scholarly literature on the problems of sociocultural determinism, philosophy of education and intercultural communication, as well as methods of comparison, generalization and systematization of the practical significance of the theory of sociocultural determinism in the course of language training of internationally oriented specialists in Chinese studies. The conducted research made it possible to identify the main philosophical foundations of the method of sociocultural determinism in language education, as well as to determine their role in updating models of language education for specialists in Chinese studies and in forming their intercultural competence. The author concludes that language is determined as a form of the existence of culture and as an instrument for constructing a specific linguistic picture of the world. It is also concluded that there is an objective necessity to integrate Confucian ethical values into the system of professional training of internationally oriented specialists in Chinese studies. The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using the obtained results in the development of new models and updated approaches to the organization of language education and in the design of teaching and learning materials for the training of specialists in Chinese studies, taking into account current sociocultural determinants. Keywords: method of sociocultural determinism, language training of China specialists, philosophical foundations, intercultural communication, design of language education, humanistic Confucian values in education | 26 | |||||
| 6899 | The article is devoted to the consideration of the genre originality of L.N. Tolstoy's short story "What men live by". The study revealed that the story contains the features of a parable. Tolstoy creatively reworks this genre in his work. The title has a didactic character, contains a hidden imperative, which gives the text a touch of journalism. In order to concretize the idea, the author of the story uses epigraphs – biblical prescriptions that complement each other in content. They are instructive, imperative and evaluative in nature. Epigraphs become peculiar theses, which are confirmed by the content of the main text, which gives it the features of deductive reasoning inherent in the scientific style. In the course of the research, it was found out that Tolstoy's parable generates not one, as in a traditional parable, but a complex of interrelated ideas. The content of the story generally corresponds to the prototypical discourse of the parable. The specificity lies in the fact that Leo Tolstoy's story includes several stories, each of which, on the one hand, is completed, on the other hand, is connected with the other and participates in the formation of a common idea. It is proved that all the ideas of the story are explicated, there are no conditions for the formation of a subtext. The conceptual sphere of the story is objectified by Mikhail's explanations, which form conceptual chains: three questions: what is in people, what is not given to people, what people are alive for ‒ the word of God: it manifests itself in events – a smile (gaining knowledge) – the answer to the question: there is love in people, they are not given to know what they need for their bodies, people are alive with love. The lexicon and grammar of the story correspond to the standards of the parable. The emphasis is on verbs, among which the regular forms of the present descriptive tense are used, colloquial vocabulary is used. The text of the story repeatedly uses key phrases that are imperative and normative in nature, and predictive signs endowed with sacred meaning. It is concluded that Tolstoy's parable takes on a hybrid form, including stylistic features of scholarship and journalism. Keywords: narrative, genre, short story, parable, prototype, conceptosphere | 24 | |||||