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# | Article | Downloads | |||||
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4301 | A.P. Chekhov’s last play is analyzed in comparison to his previous dramas and in a context of his late creativity. The comedy essence of «the Cherry garden» is connected with the refusal from the human principle of the outlook. The play is treated as a model of optimistic alternative of the tragical concept of the history. | 974 | |||||
4302 | For effective solving ecological problems the author suggests the use of economic tools instead of widely spread administrative methods. The author points out that for the effective functioning of the systems of rational nature use it is necessary to single out into a separate subsystem the economic tools of environmental protection, the elements of which are to be formed by local authorities | 974 | |||||
4303 | The article discribes the process of the establishment of professional pedagogical education in Western Siberia at the end of the 19th at the beginning of the 20th century and the solution of the problem of village teachers training through the expansion of the network of Teachers' Semenaries Keywords: West Siberian educational district, Teachers 'Seminary, pedagogical education | 974 | |||||
4304 | The article conciders with the ethnocultural aspect of literary education in the schools of the Republic of Khakasia. In this article the importance of the use of the ethnocultural aspect in teaching of literature in the national school is presented. Keywords: ethnocultural, methodology, principles, dialogue, world building | 974 | |||||
4305 | In the article a comparative analysis of three types of lectures is given: traditional lectures, lectures with Power Point Presentations, lectures with gaps and computer presentations. It is shown that the use of lectures with gaps allows optimization of delivering lectures. Keywords: methods of teaching mathematics, lectures, computer presentations, lectures with gaps. | 974 | |||||
4306 | In this article we try to give a basis for structure originality of traditional Russian spiritual music in terms of music language understanding as meaning phenomenon for human spirit. This concept is given in contradiction with understanding of the music as language of feelings and emotions and orthodox music moves away from this prevailing assumption. Thereupon aesthetics of spiritual music is characterized by mystical Godhead energy via sensual acoustic phenomena. It also is shown by a variety of musical expressiveness ways which are limited for this kind of aesthetics. Keywords: sense, language of expression, spiritual music, tradition | 974 | |||||
4307 | This article is devoted to research of historical and biographical play “Lyceum’s student” by A. Platonov. In this play, the author showed conditions of great poet’s “birth” in Russia, gathered personages with apparent violation of chronology of events, organized actions with the help of definite motives. Keywords: historical-biographical play, drama action, motive, association, intertextuality, receptive base | 974 | |||||
4308 | The article presents theoretical-methodological and methodical bases of the author’s elective course “Ecological responsibility of the citizen of Russia” which is an important condition of realization of methodical system on students’ formation of ecological responsibility in geography education. Keywords: geography, ecological responsibility, elective course, approaches, individuality focused problems, responsible affairs. | 974 | |||||
4309 | The article considers the specific character of code-switching as the key stage of translation process, explains the need to use the term “linguacultural switching” and gives its definition. The paper suggests that representations of extralinguistic situation and text type can act as cues for linguacultural switching and gives a list of mechanisms and skills needed for its effective operation. Keywords: code-switching, extralinguistic situation, text, didactics of translation | 974 | |||||
4310 | The paper shows that the humanization of modern education is addressed to the creation of such a system is the organization of the educational process, which allows to make training an integral part of identity formation. The implementation of the principle of humane education involves the formation of the broad humanistic culture. The main mechanism of the formation of such culture can be the realization of the essential properties of the formation: the formation of a harmonious, highly moral and spiritual personality. Keywords: education, identity , spirituality , competence, humanistic culture , humanistic expertise | 974 | |||||
4311 | This article is based on the theoretic ideas of Kazan linguistic school about syntagmatic relations and describes the syntagmatic relationships of the lexemes meaning “morality” contained in the novels of one of the most shocking and replicable modern writers Sergei Minaev. The main result is that the analysis of syntagmatic relations of words with moral content in the works of this author suggests the emergence of alternative ethical system in the consciousness of a native Russian speaker. In the framework of this system becomes a frequent characteristic to change positive connotation value involved in the correlation of lexemes to a negative one. In addition, under the influence of the text environment occasional syntagmatic relation of lexemes with moral value can cause the formation of new lexical meaning of the words-representatives of category “morality”. Keywords: morality, Kazan linguistic school, vocabulary, lexeme, syntagmatic relations, meaning, connotation, context, semantic shift | 974 | |||||
4312 | The article raises the problem of organization of educational environment with the use of information technologies that improve the level of formation of professional competencies for working profession of the future trainers to meet the requirements of professional standard for the teacher of vacatioanal training, professional education and professional education as well professional standards for trades. It is proposed to use e-learning courses aimed at the formation of knowledge of modern industrial equipment and the specifics of its operation, which is a training program installed on any computer running under MS Windows family, and every (mobile app) installed on any mobile electronic device running the Android operating system (tablet PC, smartphone). The main feature of e-learning course is presentation of educational material in the new format, which becomes interactive, visualized and practice-oriented to a particular workplace and specific equipment. Keywords: educational environment, information technology, master of vocational training, training in working profession, e-learning, e-learning course | 974 | |||||
4313 | The paper deals with the header structures of political articles, which include euphemisms and are taken from contemporary French newspapers. Considering the tense political situation in the world, euphemistic titles in the articles on political topics become increasingly relevant. They provide a smoothing effect of the emotional impact on the political discourse. Mass media titles and headers serve to partially reveal the text’s information and make a certain impact on the reader. Euphemism is considered as a word used for the sake of decency and discretion, to avoid mentioning unpleasant or shocking reality. As used in the press language, euphemisms render negative referents in terms of information. Their task is to modify the situation through a process of denomination and alleviative processing. Headers of political articles are classified by the type of negative revaluation of referents: understatement, axiological neutralization, improvement. Understatement in the French-language journalism is often implemented through euphemisms formed by meiosis, because they contain inherently weak negative denotation. Axiological neutralization contributes to veiling the true situation. Titles of articles are included in the policy framework shaped euphemistic statements, which make reality less dramatic, and are an essential component of the text itself. They embody a certain judgment about the current political situation. Authors neutralize the negative characteristics contained in the original concept, causing less dramatic reality that promotes the manipulation of mass consciousness. When using the improvement technique, negative formulation gives way to a more positive. Thus, the euphemisms substitute for unwanted words or expressions, which could cause a backlash in a particular situation, for the ones with a neutral connotation. Keywords: political discourse, euphemisms, meiosis, meiotic euphemisms, negative referent, understatement, axiological neutralization, improvement | 974 | |||||
4314 | The article deals with the question of teaching engineering students to professional foreign vocabulary in relation to the joining “Initiative CDIO” which is an innovative educational framework for producing the next generation of engineers. The framework provides students with an education stressing engineering fundamentals set in context of Conceiving – Designing – Implementing – Operating real world systems and products. Active learning is an essential part of the syllabus, which is supposed to engage students directly in thinking and problem solving activities. It defines the problem of using professional vocabulary in speech in solving problems and cases. The article gives the definition of a lexical skill; its significant features both situational correlation and communicativeness are necessary in formation and development. It discloses the specifics of professional lexical skill formation, presents the examples of phrases important for engineering students to master speaking. As a result, it suggests implementing exercises based on a widening rhythmic group, which is a short phrase – a thought consisting of some logically connected phrases where a key phrase is repeated in every sentence. A widening rhythmic group possesses all the qualities as any other statement. It means it has the aim to explain, to persuade, to give arguments. Exercises based on a widening rhythmic group can be used in different activities: speaking, reading, listening, and writing. The article proves the effectiveness of these exercises; it demonstrates the examples of widening rhythmic groups. Keywords: World conception CDIO, engineering students, active learning methods, professional foreign vocabulary, lexical skill, widening rhythmic group | 974 | |||||
4315 | The article is devoted to revealing poorly studied cognitive mechanisms of color naming in Russian and Chinese on the basis of lexicographic and Internet sources, and the national corpus of the Russian and Chinese languages. Derivative secondary colorants denoting tertiary chromatic colors have been analyzed. Cognitive color naming models related to the cognitive macro model “color plant” have been identified. This allows us to conclude that the color picture of the world reflects diverse experience of man’s knowledge of the plant world in all its forms. Ways of replenishing the color naming system of this type have been defined. The color naming systems in the Russian and Chinese languages with respect to the type of cognitive modeling being analyzed are basically the same. The authors have found out universal cognitive color naming models of Russian and Chinese, among which the most productive ones are the models “color flower”, “color fruit of the plant”, which indicates the similarity of thought processes realizing color naming. National features of the color picture of the world are manifested in the presence of specific nominations of color shades in both languages. These nominations reflect cultural characteristics of Russian and Chinese native speakers as well as peculiarities of the color semantics of interlingual equivalents in the languages. Quantitative and qualitative differences of Russian and Chinese derived color lexical units confirm the idea that the color naming is the reflection of the natural and cultural space of the ethnos. Keywords: cognitive modeling, color naming, coloration, Russian, Chinese | 974 | |||||
4316 | The main traditional and modern approaches to the research of a simple sentence structure are considered. In traditional linguistics the simple sentence is studied from positions of the logical, psychological, structural and functional approaches. The logical approach having come from Aristotle’s works operates with terms of logic: a subject, a predicate which are considered as components of a thought structure. The psychological approach goes back to works of neogrammarians. In the psychological approach a sentence is considered as linguistic expression of combination of psychological concepts in perception of a speaker and as the instrument of generation of these concepts and their binding in perception of a listener. The structural and functional approach includes the theory of actual division of the sentence, the theory of communicative dynamism and the theory of informative structure of a sentence. The actual division means division of the sentence into the starting point (basis) of a statement and the core of a statement. According to the adherents of the second theory, there is communicative dynamism in each element of the sentence and the degree of communicative dynamism is directly connected with the status of this element in the theme and rheme structure of a sentence. According to the third theory, informative structure of a statement and thematic structure are different, though they are interconnected by the levels of communicative and semantic structure of a statement. The researches on syntax in cognitive and functional aspects as well as study of the sentence structure from positions of generative grammar are widely spread in modern linguistics. Keywords: simple sentence, structure, communicative division of a sentence actual division of a sentence, informatiove structure of a sentence, argument structure | 974 | |||||
4317 | Mozhaeva G. V. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1997. Issue 1 (1). P. 19-22 . | 973 | |||||
4318 | . | 973 | |||||
4319 | Zarubina O. V. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 3 (12). P. 21-24 . | 973 | |||||
4320 | Werner Н. K. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 4 (13). P. 29-35 . | 973 | |||||
4321 | The article deals with the periphery of the functional-semantic field of infancy in the English language. The periphery of the analyzed field consists of the lexical means, verbalizing features, that specify the essential and basic characteristics of babies; dialectisms, archaisms, slang and stylistically coloured means as well as phraseological units. Keywords: categorization, semantic category, functional semantic field, periphery | 973 | |||||
4322 | The paper outlines the endangered Siberian language documentation and description program undertaken by the department of Siberian indigenous languages of Tomsk State Pedagogical University. Based on the experience of the Ob-Yenissei linguistic area documentation project, particularly in documentation of the middle Ob area of Tomsk region, the main theoretical, methodological and empirical aspects of the areal study are exemplified. The discussion outlines some of factors affecting the development of local languages and cultures, assessing key hypotheses of their contact interaction and mutual evolution. Keywords: endangered languages of Siberia, areal typology, language documentation | 973 | |||||
4323 | The article is the result of experiment to create Resource Center at System advanced training. The Experiment conducted on the basis of innovation (modern) school. Keywords: Resource Center, advanced training, System advanced training, innovation (modern) school, municipality. | 973 | |||||
4324 | The article deals with methodological approaches: system, activity, person oriented, acmeological and dialectical approaches, which determine the mechanism of the development and functioning of the pedagogical system of professional reparative and prophylactic training of teachers of physical education. Keywords: methodological approaches, system of professional reparative and prophylactic training, teacher of physical education | 973 | |||||
4325 | The article considers the organizational forms, content, conditions and principles of pupil’s professional orientation to education activity of pedagogical profile classes, developing in Russian secondary schools in 1990–2000. Keywords: specialized education and professional self-determination, comparative characteristics of general admission and graduates of the teacher training classes | 973 | |||||
4326 | The analysis of formation of special competencies of the future teacher is presented in this article. The author’s technique of formation of special professional competencies of the future teacher (law teacher) is described. It is done in the frame of the task’s technique with the use of information and communications technology. Keywords: professional qualifi cations, special competencies of the future teacher, author’s technique of formation of special competencies of the future teacher | 973 | |||||
4327 | The article discusses the features of the moral culture of the modern Russian society. The essence of the concept of nihilism, the understanding of this phenomenon is presented in the European and Russian reality. The author described manifestation of nihilism in students of secondary vocational school. The necessity of correcting nihilistic manifestations through education is proved. There was demonstrated the possibility of correcting the moral and ethical attitudes by means of cultural discussion. The author gives characteristics of the debate as a method of correcting the nihilistic attitudes in students. Keywords: ethical-cultural debate, moral values, morals, nihilistic, the moral and psychological attitudes | 973 | |||||
4328 | The article examines the reader’s reception in the literary communication (“author – a literary work – the reader”) and educational communication (“a literary work – a teacher – a reader-student”). Accounting of the specifics of the perception of artistic information and realization of the principle of dialogism are considered as the moments that combine these levels and determine their effectiveness. Keywords: art information, addressee, fictional world of art, imaginary reader, the naive realist perception, the subject – subject teaching | 973 | |||||
4329 | The article is devoted to the analysis of the evolution of the stereotypes of perception of Bretons and Breton language by the French society. The special attention in the article is focused to the description of the comic effect created at the mention of one of the markers of Breton cultural identity. The author gives examples from the various works, confirming the existence of steady stereotypes of perception of Brittany. It also covers autostereotypes – a vision of the Breton identity and the Breton character by Bretons. Keywords: Brittany, the ethnic humour, the formation and evolution of stereotypes, the cultural identity | 973 | |||||
4330 | The article deals with the features of experience in familiarization with cultural traditions in the system of secular education in Russia. It is analyzed various ways to overcoming the spiritual crisis through the integration of spiritual and moral culture and secular knowledge, which focused on the formation foundations of the spiritual world outlook. Keywords: spiritual and moral education, values, world outlook, traditions, culture | 973 | |||||
4331 | The article deals with the problem of training of teachers for professional activity in situation of continuous innovations. The article describes the basic concepts for innovative practice of teachers: “innovation process”, “levels of innovation”, “efficiency of the innovation process”, “effectiveness of innovative activity of teachers”. Identified features for innovative practical of teachers. The peculiar features of the innovative activity and the activity of innovative direction are identified and proved. It is substantiated that training of teachers for innovative activity should be based on the development of methods, techniques of activities with innovative orientation. Keywords: innovation process, levels of innovations, innovative activity of teachers, effectiveness of innovative activity of teachers, practical activities with signs of innovation | 973 | |||||
4332 | The goal of this article is to reveal language formulas in the Khanty folklore on the basis of text analysis, to investigate the theory of formulas’ classification and to apply it to the described Khanty language formulas. The formulas may be considered a speech unit which is repeated in the same text or several different texts. In comparison with the fabulous formulas, the language formulas don’t depend on the folklore genre and can be found in different folklore texts. The investigation of these formulas allows obtaining the view of the language picture of the world and the archaic features of the Khanty mythology and religion preserved to the present. Keywords: Khanty, folklore, fairytale, language formulas | 973 | |||||
4333 | Currently, due to the serious socio-economic changes in society the number of orphans, children whose parents, for various reasons are deprived of parental rights is growing. For a more successful socialization of these children it is necessary to develop and use a variety of ways and means to create the appropriate conditions. . To achieve this goal we used: lectures, conversations, visual and practical methods. The children’s sports project “Island of the Brave” became training of the vital skills of 12–14-year-old children, promoted involvement of children into physical culture and sport, introduction to the bases of a healthy lifestyle. Keywords: socialization, healthy lifestyle, physical culture and sport, integration, adaptation, children, formation | 973 | |||||
4334 | The article substantiates the need for a project competence in teacher’s personal resource. It is noted that fixed in the federal state educational standard of higher education requirements for students’ project competencies involve the selection of adequate to the content of these requirements methods of pedagogical work on their formation. The paper reconstructs the experience of developing the project competence of philology students in the process of organizing educational events in the practice of collaboration between tertiary and secondary educational institutions. An empirical model of such interaction, the joint production of innovative developments, has been revealed using humanitarian research methods. Educational precedent gives grounds to say that the position exhibiting the project competence of students, can be formed in the active development of their content through educational events; means of formation of competence – participation in the trial-search activities of different content: educational-project in the framework of the lesson laboratory; design and research within the presentation at the conference. Keywords: project competence, interaction, educational event, joint production | 973 | |||||
4335 | The article based on the material of the German language deals with the meaning of the lexeme “Arbeit”. Material for the study was provided by various monolingual dictionaries of German. The problem of studying of the basic lexemes of the concept “Arbeit” was studied by the author during the dissertation research on the material of proverbs of unrelated languages. In this research a comprehensive study of the basic lexeme “Arbeit” was carried out within the framework of the description of the linguocultural concept “work”. The study was conducted in accordance with the meanings of the word “Arbeit” which are represented in the dictionary entries in the form of synonymic series for each component of the words under analysis. Certain symbols verbalize the meaning “work as a profession, position” are grouped thematically and marked by territorial identity. The derivational structure of these lexemes was determined as well as frequency of their manufacturing bases of the derivatives. The semantics of the components of compound words was analyzed. The author identifies the usage labels reflecting the connotative coloring of the lexemes verbalizing the meaning of the word “Arbeit”. For more results the analysis involves data from synonymous and etymological dictionaries. The results of the study can be used in practical classes, in the seminars in lexicology of the German language. Keywords: lexeme, meaning, concept, synonymic row, component, nomination, lexical-semantic group | 973 | |||||
4336 | The article deals with some aspects of scientific research activity management. The author defines specific features of scientific research activity management in a higher education institution. The author describes a model of teachers’ scientific research activity management in the pedagogical university, which includes the substantive, managerialexecutive and resulting components. The given structural-functional model vividly demonstrates the studied phenomenon, its inner organization and gives a whole picture of the process of teachers’ scientific research activity management in a higher education institution. Methodological basis of teachers’ scientific research activity readiness is the subject and systemic pragmatist approach. The emphasis is placed on the substantive component of the model, which is represented by the unity of management functions determined by the tasks and objectives as well as the content of the scientific research activity at all stages. The author singles out information-analytical, motivational-target, planned-prognostic, organizational-performing, control-diagnostic, and regulatory-corrective management functions in a higher education institution. The article also describes the principles of teachers’ scientific research activity management in a higher education institution such as scientific rigour, continuity and consistency, cooperation, unity of management and self-management, unity of command and team-spirit. The author defines organizational-pedagogical conditions of teachers’ scientific research activity management in a higher education institution: organization of teaching process aiming at increasing the level of research competence, system of teachers’ moral and material inducement summarizing the results of their research, effective cooperation between teachers in project groups. Keywords: management, scientific research activity management, model of teachers’ scientific research activity management in the pedagogical university, management functions | 973 | |||||
4337 | The article presents a comparative study of approaches to teaching the French language at Russian and Tanzanian universities. The analysis is held within curricula for Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees of smaller universities in both countries, such as Kemerovo State University (South Western Siberia) and Dodoma University (Tanzania). This illustrates general principles of foreign language teaching in the systems of higher education of these countries. A brief historical reference is given for the overall comprehension of the status of the French language in the systems of foreign language teaching at universities of these countries. The methods of research chosen for the study are: interviews with university and school students and teachers, reviews of official educational documents and standards, comparative analysis, analysis of the authors’ own teaching experience. The new results and conclusions of the analyzed problem can be formulated as follows: the lack of didactic materials and text books for students learning French is the typical problem for Russian and Tanzanian universities; various special forms of extracurricular work promoting the French language and culture studies by students as well as a balanced language policy on the part of the state (both in the Russian Federation and in the United Republic of Tanzania) improve the status of the French language in the system of university education. Keywords: foreign languages, the French language and culture, higher educational system, language teaching methods, extracurricular activities | 973 | |||||
4338 | The urgency of establishing the essence of the term “competence-oriented task” is determined by the orientation toward achieving substantive, meta-subject and personal results of education in the secondary school educational practice. This category, widely used in pedagogical science and educational practice, does not quite justifiably relate to the concept of a task of a practical nature. The establishment of the specificity of competence-oriented tasks is carried out on the basis of an analysis of the positions of different authors, not only in understanding this category, but also in the semantically close to it concepts of “contextual task” and “situational task”, and also in connection with the modern interpretation of the learning task as a means of forming integrated educational result. The conclusion is drawn on the understanding of competence-oriented tasks as the tasks that, along with the formation of the subject competences of the student, determine the development of such qualities that determine the ability and readiness for independent cognitive activity, that is, the qualities whose totality determines the concept of cognitive competence. Examples of competence-oriented tasks are considered. Requirements to competency-oriented tasks in teaching mathematics are formulated. Proceeding from the structural and content features of cognitive competence as a significant component of an integral system of personality characteristics of a school graduate, the requirements that must be met in competence-oriented problems of school mathematics are established. Keywords: competence-oriented task, contextual task, situational task, learning task, cognitive competence of the learner | 973 | |||||
4339 | . | 972 | |||||
4340 | Karmanov A. V. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1998. Issue 3 (6). P. 53-55 . | 972 | |||||
4341 | . | 972 | |||||
4342 | Kabanova T. A. . // Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 4 (13). P. 27-28 . | 972 | |||||
4343 | The influence of hypoxia and anoxia on protein metabolism in seedlings wheat and rice, which differ in steadiness to the studing factor, was analysed. Under anaerobic conditions the content of protein decreased. The effect of protein synthesis inhibitors (actinomycin D and cycloheximide) was investigated in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The results of the proteins synthesis inhibitors experiments indicate that synthesis of some proteins takes place in conditions of transitory anoxia (1 day for wheat and 3 day for rice). | 972 | |||||
4344 | The article reflects the general stages of the development of education in psychology at Tomsk State Pedagogical University. A brief characteristic of the basic scientific trends pursued by psychology departments organized during 90s and the specializations they offer to graduate and postgraduate students is given. The publication is devoted to the 100* anniversary of Tomsk State Pedagogical University, the first pedagogical university in the Asian part of Russia. | 972 | |||||
4345 | Research gasdynamics and thermoexchanges tasks in areas with varied geometry has the important scientific - practical value in connection with that similar tasks are widely distributed both in technological processes of the industry, and in sphere of operation of rocket engineering. In article as an example start of a rocket from shaft is considered. It is interesting and a bright example of a task in which questions of construction of an effective settlement grid are integrated, thermoexchanges processes, gasdynamics and aerodynamics | 972 | |||||
4346 | Using the method of auxiliary sources, we give the numerical algorithm for solving of electromagnetic scattering problems by structures comprising several uncrossing thin wires. The capabilities of the developed software package is briefly described. We present some results of numerical calculations aimed of analyzing the influence of neighbouring wires on the current distribution along wires and bistatic cross-section | 972 | |||||
4347 | The article is devoted to release the expressive potential of adjectives in attributive regulative structures epithets type, which used in poetry of M.I. Tsvetaeva. Are revealed regulative features of the given structures of function of adjectives depending on type of epithets and their place within the limits of attributive regulative structures. Keywords: an adjective, an epithet, attributive regulative structure | 972 | |||||
4348 | The paper presents a comparative analysis of the components of adaptive pedagogy and inclusive education. The authors draw attention to the fact that the proven model of adaptive pedagogy in municipal education system as implementing the principle of accessibility for children with special educational needs is not universal. The implementation of the adaptive model of pedagogy in practice, as well as an analysis of its components shows that inclusive education is a broader concept and phenomenon. The tasks of building inclusive education activities coincide with the municipal educational system at present in terms of quality and accessibility of educational services. Keywords: inclusive education, adaptive pedagogy, children with special educational needs, organizational and pedagogical environment, characteristics of inclusive education | 972 | |||||
4349 | The article considers the use of ven national games in a nomadic camp for the indigenous Northern children Keywords: nomadic camp, game, children, culture, development | 972 | |||||
4350 | This article deals with the problem of the development of the organized forms of education of specialists in study of mental defects and physical handicaps in Russia that is studied from the point of view of the demonstration of variety of the forms of education of a specialist on mental defects and physical handicaps. The chronology of origin of different educational forms and their description are touched on in this article. The origin of these forms is grounded according to the social and economic conditions in our country. Keywords: education of specialists, specialists on mental defects and physical handicaps, the ways of education of specialists, a speech therapist, a specialist on teaching children with mental defects, a specialist on teaching the blind, a specialist on teaching c | 972 |