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| 3201 | In this article the teaching personnel among ethnic Belarusians and descendants from Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic who worked in Tomsk State Pedagogical Institute (TSPI) in 1930-ies – 1950-ies are being characterized according to the archives records. Their personal information and the number of teachers, their positions and departments they worked in are being determined; their professional occupation in TSPI is being described as well. Some brief biographical information is provided in the article. Keywords: Belarusians, higher education teaching personnel, Tomsk State Pedagogical Institute, history of Tomsk State Pedagogical University, records of TSPU archives | 1861 | |||||
| 3202 | In the historiography the process of formation and development of Russian national organizations, as well as their participation in the restructuring and the dismantling of the Soviet system is poorly studied. Studies show that during this period they participated in the struggle against the CPSU and leftist movements, providing support for the “right” for liberals and democrats, advocating in their programs the need to abandon the planned economy and the multinational state. The analysis of works of nationwide historiography allows us to conclude that the use of Western Siberia materials and involving them in the context of Russian national research organizations is not enough. The authors studying the problem at the national level used primarily governing body documents and materials on the activities of Russian nationalists in the European part of Russia. Researchers from Western Siberia in relation to 1980's examine the activities of “Memorial” and “Memory” to 1990's, in fragments studied activity of the Russian National Union (ROS), the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR), the Russian Public Movement (ROD), the Congress of Russian Communities (KRO) and Russian National Unity (RNE). Western Siberia, one of the few regions in which conducted the analysis of the organizations that declared themselves as Russian national that makes it possible to study the activity of these organizations in order to their political doctrine. Keywords: Russian nationalists, etatists, national discourse, historiography, political life of Western Siberia, monarchists, the Russian Orthodox Church abroad | 1861 | |||||
| 3203 | Grammar is a separate subject at linguistic departments and faculties in Russia, which is in line with the existing system of teaching aspects of language to students of Linguistics. However, lessons of practical grammar at linguistic departments can and must facilitate the development of discourse competence as an integral part of communicative competence. The use of non-finite forms of the English verb (verbals) which is usually found in the 2nd year syllabus is often discourse-bound. The basic pre-requisite for teaching non-finite forms of the verb is that students should be disposed to different discourse types, given models of texts with the grammatical structures in question and taught to create their own texts using discourse markers and features of text organisation. The article describes techniques of practicing non-finite forms of the verb (verbals) in English aimed at strengthening discourse skills in university students and exposing them to different discourse types. Keywords: discourse, competence, discourse competence, the English language, grammar, teaching grammar, non-finite forms, verbals | 1861 | |||||
| 3204 | Introduction. Phenomenological discourse in literature is connected with methodological orientation on perception of literary work as a phenomenon of author’s reality and event in reader perception. Due to such dialogue biorientation, the literary text ceases to be understood as a closed object, reaching the level of existential communication between the author and the reader with the basis for value event. Which makes it possible to talk about the possibility of revealing the perceiving consciousness through a dialog search for one’s word and another’s word. Materials and methods. The study uses analytical, descriptive, axiological methods and a phenomenological approach. The material for the study is the chapter of “A Writer’s Dairy” by F. M. Dostoevsky “One of the Modern Fales” (1873), ego-documents: notebooks 1863–1864, letters to A. G. Kovner (1877), N. P. Peterson (1878) and E. F. Yunge (1880). Results and discussion. As part of the axiological analysis of the text, the category “author’s position” was identified as an “aesthetic coefficient” of the value orientation vector of the literary work. The “position of the author” is understood through the dialogical principle, drawn by M. M. Bakhtin as the first definition in the polyphonic structure of the works of F. M. Dostoevsky. The dialogue of the writer is an all-encompassing concept, with neither temporary nor simple borders. This was directly reflected in the idea, genre and composition of “A Writer’s Diary”. Other modality, based on the conjugation of the Self and the Other consciousness, is characterized by position-value variability. The existential consciousness of the writer manifests itself in a word having a dialogue orientation. Dialogue is an attributive characteristic of existential consciousness. Personal Self shows itself as an object and subject through the situation of analysis of the process of self-knowledge. Conclusion. The process of the reader discovering not just the spiritual and moral foundations of the author’s personality, but the very situation of their formation is important in the situation of the value orientation of the young generation. Through the dialogue with the consciousness of the perceiving subject, Dostoevsky opens the way for the reader to acquire his Self (both I-author and I-reader). Keywords: dialogue, author, value analysis, Other, existential consciousness, F. M. Dostoevsky, “A Writer’s Dairy” | 1861 | |||||
| 3205 | Lysenko G.V. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1997. Issue 1 (1). P. 29-35 . | 1860 | |||||
| 3206 | Kataev S.G., Kuskov A.I. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1998. Issue 1 (4). P. 10-17 . | 1860 | |||||
| 3207 | Chumakova L.P. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 3 (12). P. 6-9 . | 1860 | |||||
| 3208 | Obukhova E.A. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 3 (12). P. 40-41 . | 1860 | |||||
| 3209 | . | 1860 | |||||
| 3210 | It is my great honor and pleasure to congratulate the international forum on peace, which is jointly organized by Tomsk and Hiroshima, and to have an opportunity of keynote speech, addressing about the internationalization strategies at Hiroshima University. In the globalized and competitive environments, HU is not an exceptional organization which must develop the strategic approaches and to prepare for the future challenges, in order to survive. HU faces with quite hard competition among note only Japanese universities, but also with those of foreign countries. | 1860 | |||||
| 3211 | In article bases аctivity the approach to information culture of the teacher of mathematics are considered: the basic concepts are determined, a line of principles, among which principle of subjectivity, a principle of the account of special pedagogical abilities, a principle of high motivation of activity, a principle of reflexivity, a principle of the organization of cooperation between teachers is developed. It is shown, that development of information culture of the teacher of mathematics it is directed on formation of the person, able to be guided and make the proved decisions in conditions of the modern information environment owning receptions of creative activity and capable not only to train in mathematical knowledge on the basis of available techniques, but also to create new | 1860 | |||||
| 3212 | In the article on the basis of long-term researches the data about the role of fresh-water molluscs in food of fishes in the reservoirs of Siberia is generalized. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of food Coregonus, Acipenser and some Cyprinidae fishes from the pools of the rivers Ob, Enisei, Lena, Yana, Indigirka and Kolyma and from the reservoirs of peninsulas Yamals, Gydansky and Tajmyrsky are given. Keywords: Molluscs, Coregonus, Acipenser, occurrence, food, Ob, Enisei, Tajmyr, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Kolyma, Subarctic region, Arctic regions | 1860 | |||||
| 3213 | The article is devoted to analysis of antiwar activity of British Independent Labour party in the period of AngloBoer War. It shows the evolution of party’s antiwar platform and deals with main IWP’s main political methods, such as resolutions, strikes, and actions of civil insubordination. Article also gives attention to common problems of antiwar movement in Great Britain, its specific features and social success. Keywords: Independent labour party, antiwar movement, The Boer war | 1860 | |||||
| 3214 | Basic properties of radiation of the atomic chains excited by a channeling particle are considered. Using a very simple two-dimensional model of a crystal lattice we have shown that the main part of this radiation is generated on the frequency of oscillations of a channeling particle between the crystal planes, shifted by the Doppler effect. Angular distribution of the radiation of the chain of oscillating atoms is sharply peaked in the direction of the velocity of channeling particle because of coherence of the fields, produced by individual atoms. Keywords: radiation, channeling particle, crystal lattice, angular distribution, coherence | 1860 | |||||
| 3215 | The article presents characteristic of projecting of competent-oriented andragogy program, the principles of them realization. Didactic mechanisms, which are providing supply formation the position of employer as the subject of additional professional education, are discussed. The author shows specific character educational interaction in andragogy process using. Keywords: additional professional education, competence-oriented andragogycal program, educational interaction, polysubjekt, employer. | 1860 | |||||
| 3216 | In the article the stress in the central and southern dialects of the Selkup language is described. The research is based on the material collected during field work with last speakers of these dialects, processings of the material of the A. P. Dulzon archive and the analysis of the language of the first Selkup books. In the course of research it is revealed that in all southern and central dialects of the Selkup language there were systems paradigmatic accents, which can be described in terms “dominant” and “recessive” morphemes. The basic differences in various dialects consist in stress position, basically in marks of suffixes. Keywords: stress, morphology, Selkup language | 1860 | |||||
| 3217 | The article considers the organizational forms, content, conditions and principles of pupil’s professional orientation to education activity of pedagogical profile classes, developing in Russian secondary schools in 1990–2000. Keywords: specialized education and professional self-determination, comparative characteristics of general admission and graduates of the teacher training classes | 1860 | |||||
| 3218 | The article considers the institutional design of social responsibility mechanism through the relationship between the institution and formal rules, as well as culture, traditions and values. It is ascertained that the institutional design “with the foundation” is the preferred strategy, because it allows using the evolutionary process of human and social development. Keywords: social responsibility, institution, institutional design | 1860 | |||||
| 3219 | The article deals with the peculiarities of formation of linguistic competence (degree of native language) of students with disabilities. Children with disabilities have special educational opportunities and needs identified by psycho-pedagogical characteristics of this group of students. The characteristics of inclusive teaching space, including the risks potentially associated with formation of linguistic competence of students with disabilities. The process of formation of the linguistic competence of students of all categories, including the disabilities is based on the formation of their complex knowledge of the language as a system consisting of certain levels and corresponding to these unit-level representation of how language system develops and functions, what are the factors conditional on the national specifics of the language. Specificity of finding children with disabilities linguistic competence and its further improvement is determined by a complex of factors. First, of course, are affected by some of the internal contradictions inherent in the phenomenon of inclusion having a medico-social ontological essence. Secondly, the situation with the education of children with disabilities may present certain psychological risks. Thirdly, the inclusive approach in education can be restricted by inadequate resourcing: personnel, logistics, software methodical and finally financial. The urgency of the issues raised in the study is caused by a sharp decline in cognitive and motivational interest of students in general to the problems of language culture, as well as the problems associated with the organization and implementation of the educational process in an integrated (inclusive) basis. In the function of linguodidactic material is presented modified fragment of the adapted program of the Russian language for disabled students of the 6th grade (see “Noun”). Keywords: competence, linguistic competence, students with disabilities, inclusive education | 1860 | |||||
| 3220 | The results of the analytical work on revealing of the necessity of development of the labour supervision practice during temporary employment of underage children as an urgent direction of scientific and pedagogical research are presented. The paper discloses normative and legal aspects of arrangement of temporary employment of underage children at regional and municipal levels. The materials of the theoretical analysis of labour supervision as sociopedagogical phenomenon are adduced. The paper suggests grounded and elaborated by the authors approaches for designing survey materials (interviewing and questionnaire poll), providing the opportunity for the considered practice as an urgent direction of applied scientific and pedagogical research. The authors’ diagnostic materials including the examples of their fragments are presented. The paper provides guidance for target and organizing guidelines for conducting scientific-pedagogical research connected with the development of practice of student youth labour supervision in relation to underage children in the system of students building parties. The data of the empirical survey of the employees of the Center for Employment of Population and local self-government bodies of Tomsk and Tomsk district and local authorities specialists on revealing the problems of temporary employment of the underage children are given. Urgent scientific and pedagogical issues in the sphere of development of student youth labour supervision in relation to underage children in the process of their temporary employment by means of involvement in students building parties labor activity are identified. Keywords: labour education, temporary employment of underage children, labour supervision, labour socialization | 1860 | |||||
| 3221 | Introduction. A characteristic feature of modern linguistics is the study of language as a means of not only communication, but also the expression of human mental activity, giving access to his consciousness. Cognitive linguistics postulates the idea that language forms reflect all cognitive processes, one of which is the human perception of the world. The aim of the article is to identify the reflection of the peculiarities of perception in phraseological units of the modern English language. Material and methods. The work is carried out within the framework of cognitive linguistics based on a single cognitive methodology for the study of language structures. General and particular methods of cognition are used in the research, such as inductive-deductive method, the method of quantitative calculation and classification, the method of structural and semantic analysis of phraseological units and the method of conceptual analysis. The complex use of these methods allows to look at the theoretical aspects of phraseology from the point of view of the cognitive paradigm of knowledge. Results and discussion. The concept of perception as a cognitive process is defined. It is noted that different types of perception (vision, hearing, touch, smell, taste) are indicated in the English stable expressions by the verbs of sensory perception and the names of the corresponding senses. The article describes the reflection in phraseological units of the English language of such properties of perception as integrity, objectivity, meaningfulness, dependence on the personality of the perceiver, etc. It is confirmed that the perceived is subjected to further cognitive processing, manifested both in the language as a whole and in its phraseological system, in particular. The analysis of phraseological units formed on the basis of metaphorical and / or metonymic transference confirms the associative nature of human thinking. It is proved that the necessary intermediate link between perception and phraseological meaning is human experience. The study allows to understand better the nature of the relationship between cognition and the phraseological system of language, which can serve as a prerequisite for the creation of a separate branch in the science of language – cognitive phraseology, integrating the achievements of cognitive science and phraseology. Conclusion. The presented language material can be used in the practice of teaching English, and also included in the theoretical and practical courses in general linguistics, cognitive linguistics, lexicology and phraseology of the English language. Keywords: cognition, the process of perception, human experience, metaphor, metonymy, phraseological units of the English language, phraseological meaning | 1860 | |||||
| 3222 | The article is dedicated to the studies of the conception of poetic work, characteristic of the Mandeistamm's early poems Original methods of singling out of the key concepts of associative semantic fields are used. The author of the article states the importance of the idea of the organic unity of poetry, music and nature, which is reflected on the associative levels in close interaction and intersection of associative semantic fields of those concepts. The principal significance of the idea of «relation*, «unity» and «synthesis» for the early stage of the poet's creative work is singled out. | 1859 | |||||
| 3223 | In the cognitive aspect the words denoting animals are subject names with the denotative-significative type of meaning. This is the lexical-semantic group with the developed system of hyper-hyponymous relations, but weak synonymic and antonymic relations. In the communicative aspect the nomination is analyzed according to the source, the semantic type and the inner form (motivation). The greater part of Nganasan words denoting animals are motivated. The motives of colouring, body parts, age are prevailing. | 1859 | |||||
| 3224 | The article is dedicated to the elaboration of procedure of associative layer study, which is considered as one of the most important in literature concept structure. The research is carrying out in realm of communicative stylistics of text on the base of M.I. Tsvetaeva lyric poetry. | 1859 | |||||
| 3225 | The article devoted to the organization design activities of the pupils by secondary school and first-second year students, that are studying on the physics and mathematics department of the TSPU. Also in this article introduced the questions about the vocational training of students | 1859 | |||||
| 3226 | The motives of activity are generated by the available requirements, thus new requirements arise under the influence of the developed structure of motives, having generated, these new requirements induce new informative motivation. Keywords: a motivational direction, memory, thinking, motivation, informative motives, social motives, positive motivation, an estimation | 1859 | |||||
| 3227 | The paper presents the results of the analysis of the morphosyntactic components expressing the Path semantic component in the translational motion event which are referred to as directional verbal satellites following L. Talmy’s typology. The attempt has been made to characterize the Ket language using Talmy’s typologies of lexicalization patterns, as well as D. Slobin’s typology of the expression of motion events. The conclusion has been drawn that Ket belongs to satellite-framed languages (in L. Talmy’s typology), and to high-path-salient but low-manner-salient languages (in D. Slobin’s typology); the verb root characteristically does not confl ate the semantic components, but expresses only the Motion component. Keywords: Ket language, locative situation of translational motion, directional verb satellites, L. Talmy’s typologies of lexicalization patterns, satellite-framed languages, D. Slobin’s typology of motion events | 1859 | |||||
| 3228 | The article deals with the process of formation and direction of the structure of continuous education around Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University, as the centre of the Association “Continuous Vocational Education”, comprising 13 institutions of secondary vocational education and Yaroslavl region and the North of European Russia. Keywords: continuous education, higher education, vocational education, industrial training college, the association of educational institutions, system | 1859 | |||||
| 3229 | The manifestation of the links between philosophy and linguistics in ancient China through the nominative aspect is considered - the first stage of the work of thinking on the formation of linguistic knowledge. The results of critical analysis of scientific literature, their coverage from the point of view of the stated problem, the results of introspective analysis, elements of the lexicographic analysis of dictionaries are presented. The dynamics of the interaction of epistemological, axiological and pragmatic components of nomination processes as linguistic realizations of the resulting directions of philosophical reflections of Ancient China is revealed. In this article we understand culture in accordance with the definition of V. Z. Demyankov as a set of nationally conditioned standards and patterns of behavior. In this case, a clear boundary is drawn between culture and civilization. Civilization in this article is characterized as a matrix of supranational standards and patterns of human behavior. According to the opinion of the prominent orientalist V. M. Alpatov, due to the factual nature of the lexical-semantic system, the names of objects, phenomena, processes, relations, etc. are the supporting framework of the system of relations of each national culture and reflect its related, imperious, structural and economic, etc. traditions. In this case, the direction and strength of the epistemological, axiological and pragmatic vectors of the nomination process determines the worldview factor, i.е. the sum of philosophical views on the world order. The pragmatic factor serves to fulfill the functions of criticality and veracity of the resulting artifact of linguistic knowledge - the name. Keywords: nomination, linguistic knowledge, worldview, pragmatics, hieroglyph, daojiao, fanze | 1859 | |||||
| 3230 | Reviakina V.I. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1998. Issue 2 (5). P. 108-110 . | 1858 | |||||
| 3231 | Afanasyeva E.M. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 2000. Issue 6 (22). P. 22-25 . | 1858 | |||||
| 3232 | The model of formation of student’s educational activity motivation is described at methodological, psychologicaldidactic and methodical levels of generality. The connection of educational motives with current and academic progress of students of the first year is investigated. The basic stages of verification of model during didactic experiment are described. The levels and criteria of completeness of educational motivation are defined. Keywords: model, motivation of educational activity, levels and criteria of completeness of educational motivation, current and academic progress | 1858 | |||||
| 3233 | In this article the linguistic analysis of the word-building unit “death” in Selkup dialects is performed. The author suggests that the word-building perfectly reflects cultural features of the concept “death.” Keywords: word-building, concept “death”, Selkup dialects | 1858 | |||||
| 3234 | The article is devoted to the question of studying the contact and typological connections, which are brightly shown in the Orphic discurse in the poetry of Austrian poet R. M. Rilke and russian symbolists. The comparative analysis of the main categories of philosophic and aesthetic concepts of the poets is presented in this work. The analysis of thematic and narrative analogies in the lyric poetry of R and Vyach. Ivanov is also described. Keywords: symbolism, discurse, Rilke, Vyach. Ivanov, Orpheus, Apollo, Dionis, sonnet, myth, contact and typological connections | 1858 | |||||
| 3235 | In the article the author presents the analysis of the educational crisis in 1980–1990 years and the conception of modernization of it in the XXIst century. The role of the state is great in educational policy. Special attention is paid to distance and Internet education as well as to teachers training. Keywords: potential, crisis, reform, distance education, internet, ecological education | 1858 | |||||
| 3236 | The article deals with the peculiarities of informative speech genres in discourse of ordinary personality. The main arts of messages are defined, which convert the gist of these genres. The generalization of signs of use of informative genres in the text body of German language personality is given. Keywords: German folk-spoken discourse, ordinary language personality, informative speech genres. | 1858 | |||||
| 3237 | This article describes the dynamics of general education in the West Siberian educational district at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the XX centuries. It shows the analysis of state primary and secondary education, and it also presents statistical data. Keywords: primary education, secondary education, Western Siberia educational district | 1858 | |||||
| 3238 | In anglophone historiography the modernization in prepetrine Muscovy is considered as the result of the military reforms and the external influences. The sources of such effects were located in the West as well as in the East. The “military revolution” has been recognized as an important aspect of the historical transformation of the state and society. It has identified the development of the fiscal-military state. Whereas the process of the new military technologies translation went out from Europe, the Ottoman Empire and the Golden Horde passed out the autocratic political model “of the Service State” and the concept of the fiscal policy. In the estimates of foreign authors pre-Petrine military reforms were effective enough, but they have increased social and cultural gap between Europe and Russia. Keywords: modernization theory, military revolution theory, pre-petrine Muscovy, modern historiography | 1858 | |||||
| 3239 | This article examines the criteria identify “pathologically” altered states of consciousness (“mental and behavioural disorders”) from a variety of altered states of consciousness. It demonstrates the deficiency and the haziness of epistemic characteristics of pathologically altered states of consciousness, the social nature of the criteria characterizing the altered states of consciousness as a “mental disorder”, the role of value systems in the choice of the methodology of the pathologically altered states of consciousness. Keywords: consciousness, altered states of consciousness, pathologically altered states of consciousness, mental disorders, cognitive system | 1858 | |||||
| 3240 | With reference to the comparative cage study of the short story by Th. Storm and the story by I. S. Turgenev conclusions about similarities and differences of the writers’ manner were drawn. It was also said about the formation of the critical realism in Russian and German literature and the influence of Turgenev’s creative work on German literature of the second half of the XIX century. Keywords: Th. Storm, I. S. Turgenev, the short story “From Over the Sea”, the story “Asya”, Russian literature of 1860s, German literature of 1860s, realism, Russian-German literary relations, comparative cage study, typology of writers’ method | 1858 | |||||
| 3241 | Afanasyeva A.S. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1997. Issue 1 (1). P. 40-44 . | 1857 | |||||
| 3242 | The role of musical culture as an element of the public mode of life, gradual, step-by-step, non-linear dissemination of different levels of musical culture in the cities of West Siberia from the second half of the XIXth century up to the beginning of the XIXth century are analyzed in this article. The article also discloses dynamics and peculiarities of West Siberian citizens’ access to this kind of art. | 1857 | |||||
| 3243 | In the article there are described features of reference of demonstratives in Spanish. The demonstratives in Spanish have different referential properties based on the grammatical properties of pronouns. The author pays special attention to differentiation between the referential and non-referential situation because it allows to better understanding of shades of meaning. Keywords: reference, demonstratives, non-referential using | 1857 | |||||
| 3244 | The review addresses the question of long-term partner choice by a woman of childbearing age. Biological component of choice is considered on the one hand, and psychological and social on the other. Through theoretical analysis the criteria for selecting long-term partner are being described. It is also highlighted a number of factors (biological, social, psychological) on which selection criteria depend on. Thus, complexity and ambiguity of the choice of longterm partner in the modern world is designated, where social evolution proceeds faster than biological one and is able to exert considerable infl uence on human behavioural programs. Keywords: criteria for partner selection, biological evolution, social evolution, long-term partnership | 1857 | |||||
| 3245 | The article deals with history of research and provides information about the current composition of the fauna of freshwater molluscs of the upper Yenisei River and the Tuva of lakes. Keywords: freshwater molluscs, basin, fauna | 1857 | |||||
| 3246 | The article examines processes of innovations implantation in economy as one of the most important source of economy growth. Wherein innovations implantation is accompanying appearing of such facts like technology gap and innovation diffusion. It shows sources and possible instruments of technology gap overcoming in the context of evolutionary economic theory. The author analyzed processes of economies structures convergence and divergence in the result of innovations implantation. Keywords: evolution of economy, innovations, institutes, economic growth, convergence and divergence | 1857 | |||||
| 3247 | Phraseological combinations, which have a rich variety of structure features are considered. As they consist of one, two or more components, the first can be in the different cases of the noun. In these expressions, the second component can be a noun and a verb. Furthermore, the second component has a primary use in the epos. The first component of the phraseology in the epos, mainly is a noun, but here and maybe use other parts of speech. Keywords: epos, two-component phraseological unit, «Koroghlu», verb, declension, abstraction | 1857 | |||||
| 3248 | The QED ground state is studied for a four component Dirac fermion with the topological Chern-Simons term in 1+2 dimension. The Lagrangian for a massless Dirac fermion has the parity and the chiral symmetries. Spontaneous breaking of these symmetries can be found by evaluating the vacuum expectation values for fermion and anti-fermion pairs. We introduce approximate vertex functions and calculate the expectation values by solving the Schwinger-Dyson equation. We observe a smaller gauge dependence for the Ball-Chiu vertex function. Keywords: 1+2 dimensional QED, Schwinger-Dyson equation, Chern-Simons term | 1857 | |||||
| 3249 | The article gives the basic ideas about the changes in a competitive world in connection with the spread of Information Technologies. | 1856 | |||||
| 3250 | . | 1856 | |||||