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| 1801 | the paper presents the results of the stress applied to regulatory body systems of sportsmen with the orthostatic reaction type. The experiment has been carried out during a loading test with the static muscular load. At the end of the research a connection between the stress of regulatory body systems and orthostatic reaction type has been revealed. Importance of that connection during sportsmen strength training has also been taken into account. Keywords: isometric station, tension regulatory system, ortostatic reaction | 2088 | |||||
| 1802 | The article considers genesis of Russian pilgrim tradition and gradual formation of national geography of Holy sites. The analysis of literary reflexion of these processes offered by the author in works of the religious writer A. N. Muravjev allows to describe semiotics aspect of sacral geography of Russia and shows a technique of interpretation of the spatial organization of literary works with religious artistry modus. Keywords: the pilgrimage, Russian literature, the art space, the semiotics, the literature of travel | 2088 | |||||
| 1803 | The article is devoted to the study of ancient literature in odorologic aspect. The author focuses on examples of verbalization in the stench of ancient texts. Observed overall incidence and dynamics of these episodes, interpreted the chronological transformation of the negative meanings olfactory. Keywords: olfactory, odorologics, poetics odors, old Russian literature | 2088 | |||||
| 1804 | The article traces the process of formation of professional music education in the vast Zauralskaya territory of the Russian Empire in late XIX – early XX centuries and defines the activities of Tomsk Branch of the Imperial Russian Musical Society (IRMO) in this regard as the most consistent and successful. Keywords: music education, Siberia and Far East, Tomsk Branch of the Imperial Russian Musical Society (IRMS), the end of XIX – early XX centuries | 2088 | |||||
| 1805 | This talk provides a brief account of the construction of the 2n-extended supersphere S^( 3|4n), with n = 1, 2, . . . , as a homogeneous space of the three-dimensional Euclidean superconformal group OSp(2n|2, 2) such that its bosonic body is the three-sphere S^3. Keywords: superconformal group, N -extended super three-sphere | 2088 | |||||
| 1806 | The system of the account of budget movement means is submitted. The basic functions and tasks of exchequer, the basic stages of execution (performance) of the budget under the charges are determined: the drawing up and statement of a budget list; the statement and finishing of limits, notice on limits of the budget obligations up to the managers and addressees of budget means; ac¬ceptance of the liabilities, acknowledgement (confir¬mation) of execution (performance) of the liabilities and realization of payments. The problems arising at budget establishments du¬ring exchequer execution (performance) of the budget are revealed. | 2087 | |||||
| 1807 | The article describes place and role of farmers of the US Midwest and pripisnoi (bonded) peasantry class of Kolyvano-Voskresenskiy (Altai) region in the first half of the XIXth century. The politics of the government and Cabinet towards farmers and peasants households is analyzed. The author points out behavior stereotypes of the agrarians of the both countries and relates the given case to a comparative study of American farmers and Altai peasantry class tactics and adaptive behaviors for households in comparable surroundings founded on fundamental characteristics of agricultural households – justice, labor and worthy life. | 2087 | |||||
| 1808 | In article results of research of features of development of the cognitive sphere at children of the senior preschool age spent during 2005/2007 in children's preschool establishments of Borisoglebsk – a nursery school №11 and Out-of-School work Center contain. The problems investigated in the research are directly connected with the improvement of the preschool preparatory process of teaching at children of the senior preschool age Keywords: intellect cognitive sphere, gifts | 2087 | |||||
| 1809 | In work the characteristic steppe vegetation of Tomsk area is given which are described as nature sanctuaries. The problematics of an origin of these sites, their modern condition, preservation of rare kinds in structure protected natural territories is considered. Keywords: In work the characteristic steppe vegetation of Tomsk area is given which are described as nature sanctuaries. The problematics of an origin of these sites, their modern condition, preservation of rare kinds in structure protected natural territories is c | 2087 | |||||
| 1810 | The article describes approaches to the connection of mental and physical issues in philosophy, psychology, linguistics and literature. Some examples explain the possibility of physical and spiritual synthesis in Russian literature. Keywords: mental state of human, the physical state of human, physical and spiritual synthesis, Russian literature | 2087 | |||||
| 1811 | The article is devoted to the project of education in the development of universal educational actions. On the example of studying the theme “Sequence” there are various types of educational texts, which are directed to development of the project activities of the students at the lessons of mathematics. Keywords: method of projects at mathematics lessons, educational texts, regulatory, cognitive and communicative universal educational actions | 2087 | |||||
| 1812 | The article is devoted to the homology as the quality of the Andron ornaments, which remains poorly studied. This problem is of importance for the composition of the catalogue of archaeological ornaments in general and of Andron ornaments – in particular. Keywords: Andron ornament, the catalogue, the homology, the morphology, the metamorphosis | 2087 | |||||
| 1813 | The article discusses the problems arising when the law on additional measures of state support for families with children. It specifies the gaps, when adopting law no. 256-FZ and ways to improve them. Keywords: parental capital, additional measures of state support for families with children, family capital, directions of realization of means of the parental capital | 2087 | |||||
| 1814 | The article describes two basic strategies of a man’s self-presentation in the virtual discourse: virtual reconstruction of social identity and virtual reconstruction of personal identity. The peculiarities of gaining identity and nomination strategies, as exemplified by open letters presented on special sites, are described. Despite the inherent anonymity and carnivalization of communication process in the virtual discourse allowing transformation using speech masks and visual images, authors of the open letters voluntary refuse anonymity and desire to exhibit “Real Self”, emphasize the value of individuality, save the unique face in the era of total globalization. It is explained by the fact that open letters are ego-texts, bound by the author “Self”, which acts as the center of generating ideas, feelings and actions. It is concluded that the leading strategy for the authors of the open letters in the virtual discourse is virtual reconstruction of personal identity. Keywords: self-identity, virtual reconstruction of social identity, virtual reconstruction of personal identity, open letter, anonymity, self-nomination | 2087 | |||||
| 1815 | Introduction. This article presents a methodological reflection of the study of the value-semantic aspects of the representation of the hagiographic tradition in Dostoevsky’s work. Analysis of the artistic anthropology of the writer, ideological searches and spiritual conflicts, which determine the peculiarities of the problem and poetry of his works, allows to see the deep connection with the hagiographic tradition in its understanding of the world and man. The spiritual experience captured in the lives for the writer is not just a genre or pictorial tool, but a deep semantic vector, anthropological and axiological dominant. Material and methods. The material of the study is artistic and journalistic works of late creativity of F.M. Dostoevsky, the ego-documents of the writer, memories of contemporaries. The methodological basis of the study is the axiological approach, which is complex and includes cultural-historical, comparative, structural-typological, and biographical aspects. In the system of views of F. M. Dostoevsky, questions about a person, his spiritual and moral development, value attitudes and ideals are of great importance, are reflected in artistic creation, especially in the novel The Brothers Karamazov and The Life of the Great Sinner, take a basis among the life of the writer, his religious education and religious-philosophical worldview. Results and discussion. The representation of the hagiographic tradition is inextricably linked to the writer ‘s worldview, his system of values. In the system of views of F.M. Dostoevsky, questions about man, his spiritual and moral development, values and ideals are of fundamental importance, are reflected in artistic creativity, especially in the novel The Brothers Karamazov and The Life of a Great Sinner, take the basis among the life attitudes of the writer, his religious education and religious and philosophical worldview. Conclusion. The influence of the hagiographic tradition on Dostoevsky’s creativity is a complex problem both in terms of research aspect and methodology. The study should take into account the deep connection of Russian literature with Christian religious tradition. In the process of changing literary formations, Dostoyevsky ‘s creativity allows to see the spiritual core that Russian classical literature preserves and broadcasts from era to era as a culturalforming and meaning-forming dominant. Keywords: Fyodor Dostoevsky, The Brothers Karamazov, The Life of a Great Sinner, A Writer’s Diary, egodocuments, author, hagiographic tradition, axiology, values, value and worldview position, Christianity, Orthodoxy, Russian culture, morality, spirituality, holiness, axiological approach | 2087 | |||||
| 1816 | Introduction. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the term “competency” in relation to primary or secondary school teachers, present the competencies model for the 21st century teacher identifying four crucial pedagogical competencies such as subject, methodology, psycho-pedagogical, communication and six key skills for any personality that determine his/her successful life as well. Aim and objectives. The aim of the paper is to clarify and formulate, in accordance with the related educational documents of Russian Federation, the composition of those competencies that determine the ability of school teachers to successfully solve not only familiar, but new professional tasks that confront them in connection with the acceleration of the pace of development of society. An attempt has been made to present the matrix of 21st century teacher competencies in relation to the skills of a modern person, ensuring successful future for him/her. Material and methods. The research materials provided are the Teacher Professional Standard establishing requirements needed at present for the personality type and professional competencies for school teachers and the Model of Teacher Certification based on the use of Unified Federal Assessment Materials. The detailed analysis of the above materials demonstrates that, on the one hand, they all declare the application of the competency-based approach in educational activities. On the other hand, the list of competencies identified in them differ in both quantity and definitions. Thus, in the education community there is still no unified understanding of competencies for school teachers. The research methods used are the analytical survey for analyzing pedagogical texts, guidelines and regulations in the field of education and the modeling method as the model of the 21st century teacher competencies has been developed. Results and discussion. The economic future of our planet requires the design and implementation of a new educational system already in the 21st century. Students’ learning outcomes in the latest educational standards are associated not only with the development of subject knowledge and skills, but also with the formation of their personality mastering them by universal methods of educational activity, which ensure the successful solution of individual cognitive and other tasks both in the learning process and in other practices. In this regard, today the demand for a highly qualified, creatively working, socially active and competitive teacher who is able to educate a socialized personality in a rapidly changing world has increased. Teachers working with students should have a set of certain professional competencies that meet urgent needs of modern life. Conclusion. Based on the results of educational environment research, the idea of 6 (six) key skills meeting the following needs of modern society has been configured: cooperation, communication, critical thinking, content, creativity, self-confidence. The development of these competencies just provides a competency-based approach in education. Keywords: present-day technological challenges, modern model of education, teacher professional standard, school teacher, pedagogical competencies, competency-based approach, key skills for a modern person | 2087 | |||||
| 1817 | The article considers the practice of modern testing, re¬veals positive and negative aspects of this form of evaluat¬ing. The authors suggest ways of making computer tests for the use under the conditions of distance learning to increase sfficiency of knowledge quality control. Keywords: - | 2086 | |||||
| 1818 | The purpose of the publication: the review analysis of the works of Russian authors for the last ten years from the point of view of typology (classification) of the research paradigms, existing in social communications. This kind of analysis promotes making different connections between paradigms, their mutual enrichment, beginning of “synthetic” directions in communication research and finding out new, earlier not used resources in studying of the given phenomenon and its derivatives. It is recommended as a basis for making a variant of essay for exam of “Philosophy and history of science”: history of science “Theory of communication”. | 2086 | |||||
| 1819 | In the article the author investigates the audio and visual potential of the text of the drama illustrating it with M. Bulgakov’s “The Turbins’ Days” | 2086 | |||||
| 1820 | The article considers the peculiarities of formation of the system of investments into environment protection and the solution of regional economic tasks in HMD. It also makes the analysis of economic stimulation of the optimal nature development via the system of positive and negative motivation methods | 2086 | |||||
| 1821 | This article is devoted to reproductive teacher’s speech. The place and the meaning of the teacher’s reproductive speaking activity and a number of disadvantages of reworking primary data and creation of common style by the teacher within the lesson are described. Keywords: productive and reproductive teacher’s speech, sources of scientific information, ways of reworking primary data, disadvantages of using of reproductive teacher’s speech | 2086 | |||||
| 1822 | The article analyzes the main characteristics of foreign professional-oriented reading of civil engineers, specifies terms “method” and “reading strategy” and considers the problem of teaching strategies in the professional-oriented context. Keywords: teaching of reading, professional-oriented reading, reading strategy | 2086 | |||||
| 1823 | The article reveals aspects of interaction in two directions: science of translation and cross-cultural communication. The direction of this article is theoretical and practical. On one side, such notions as the linguistic personality, cultural and linguistic personality are refined. Much attention is devoted to the place and function of three types of competences (linguocultural, sociocultural, cultural and linguistical as components of foreign communicative competence) in the process of the formation of the cultural and linguistic personality. On the other side, skills, which development leads to optimum translation and formation of the cultural and linguistic personality are observed. Keywords: cultural and linguistical personality, translation, foreign communicative competence, the linguocultural, sociocultural, cultural and linguistic information | 2086 | |||||
| 1824 | The paper presents the results of the research conducted on the base of one corporate training centre. The model of the innovative corporate training centre is a result of integrating pedagogical innovations in the process of organizing the work in the training centre. Keywords: model of innovative corporate training centre, innovations in education and teaching | 2086 | |||||
| 1825 | The model of processes leading to distribution and competition of different information types is considered. The model takes into account the following processes: 1) competitive interaction; 2) self-competition; 3) self-reproduction; 4) information distribution in phase space due to diffusion. The results of calculations approve qualitative analysis of dynamics of similar systems performed earlier in other works. Also, conditions of domination of one information type on another are obtained in terms of the model. The result was obtained in the framework of the project RFBR no. 11-06-00160. Keywords: modified Lotka–Volterra model, the criterion of self-organization of information systems, informationsynergetic approach | 2086 | |||||
| 1826 | We consider the asymptoic behaviour of the Chern - Simons (CS) theory with matter in curved space - time. The asymptotics of effective couplings are discussed. | 2085 | |||||
| 1827 | Problems connected with contents and organization of effective methodical help to teachers are discussed in the paper. The idea of making a course of methods an independent discipline is considered. Some solutions which could essentially improve practice of training are suggested. | 2085 | |||||
| 1828 | The article is devoted to the activity of civil engineers, representatives of St. Petersburg Civil Engineers Institute, one of the most important architectural schools in Russia in the last quarter of the XIXth century and at the beginning of the XIXth century. The article analyzes pedagogical activity of Civil Engineers on the example of the graduate student of the Institute B. K. Postnikov. The article, based on the archival materials investigates the techniques and methods, used by B. K. Postnikov in teaching architectural-engineering subjects. These methods can be applied to modern architectural education. | 2085 | |||||
| 1829 | The present article is of scientific significance, because there are no special researches on this theme up to now. The research of the given problem is of current importance. Firstly, G.N.Potanin’s views concerning educational reforms in Russia are of particular interest and not only for specialists. Secondly, ecological culture of some people is an educational problem. Keywords: culturology, homeland studying, education, primary school, patriotism | 2085 | |||||
| 1830 | This article is about interaction of family and the school at the modern period of development of the Russian society. Authors give the description of specific features of partnership of family and school. The special attention is given formation of readiness of the sides to realization of partner interaction. Keywords: . | 2085 | |||||
| 1831 | In peat soil number of the microorganisms assimilating organic and mineral forms of nitrogen, their parity, production СО2, correlating with number of given microorganisms, a cellulose mineralization are defined by a number of factors: a hydrothermal mode, presence of nutrients in the form of NPK and spontaneously present at peat N-NH3, a competition from plants at assimilation of nutrients. Results of definition of number of microorganisms methods of direct consideration under a microscope and crops on nutrient mediums have the alternative character, confirming opinion that number of microorganisms not always reflects their activity. Higher indicators of biological activity in residual peat under grown up cereal grasses, in comparison with a native soil, testify to an intensification in it of destructive processes Keywords: biological activity, low-lying marsh ecosystem, microorganisms, assimilating organic forms of nitrogen, assimilating mineral forms of nitrogen, cellulose-decomposing, defined to straight microscoping, dynamics СО2, mineralization of organic substance | 2085 | |||||
| 1832 | This article deals with the functions of fun-fair [“balagan”] metaphors in the narrative structure of Olesha, Nabokov, Vaginov and Dobytchin’s novels. Visualization of the narration, episodes’ inclusion into the plot, personages’ visits to the theatre, cinema and circus are the main techniques that are being interpreted. An attempt has been made to compare the variants of the “fun-fair world” concept in the texts belonging to different literary trends. Keywords: “Balagan” [Fun-fair], narrative, narrative strategy, novel, narrator, story-teller, plot, metaphor, cinema, visualization | 2085 | |||||
| 1833 | The need for the transition of the Russian economy to innovative development is discussed in the article. The main cause of barriers for implementation of this transition is shown. The limited use of direct government regulatory instruments and the necessity of combining them with indirect methods to stimulate this development are described. Creating a favorable climate for innovation as the main indirect instrument of regional development is presented herein. The analysis of the innovation climate definition and its structure was conducted. Indicators of innovations development of the Tomsk region are considered and reasons for the success of this process are summarized, including: the development of scientific and educational complex in the region, the availability of skilled labor, the active support of innovative development authorities, development of regional legislation in the sphere of innovation compared to other Russian regions. The current issue of further innovative development of the region and the ways to solve them are highlighted. Keywords: innovation economy, innovation climate, instruments of indirect influence, Tomsk region | 2085 | |||||
| 1834 | The article deals with creolized texts consisting of verbal and nonverbal (paragraphemic) elements. With a change of the scientific paradigm studying of a language with its links with other semiotic systems, including non-verbal code becomes very topical. The main method of creolization of a text is to combine a verbal means and an image into a coherent whole linguo-visual formation. A fashion catalogue is a typical creolized text created by the model of: a verbal text is equal to an image. That means that it is primarily created as a creolized text where the verbal and the visual components are specially selected for their interaction. A photographic image for fashion catalogue clients (readers) has a greater degree of significance, than a verbal (written) text. Here colour plays a special role, its psychological language creates a mood, evokes emotions and has symbolic meanings. Keywords: text, creolized text, linguo-visual elements, verbal and nonverbal means, paralinguistics, semiotics, polycode phenomena, paragraphemics, heterogeneous text, communication | 2085 | |||||
| 1835 | Introduction. Under rapid changes in social and professional spheres urgent appears the question of organizing the process of professional self-determination and effective employment of university graduates. In connection with it, the article will cover the content of organizational and pedagogical conditions in the process of contributing to the professional self-determination of students of a pedagogical university. Aim – to search for and define the content of organizational and pedagogical conditions contributing to the professional self-determination of students of a pedagogical university. Material and methods. Such methods of analysis as theoretical methods (analyzing and summarizing what is in literature, analyzing statistical data, modelling) and empirical methods (using surveys, questioning, testing) were applied. Stating the set of conditions is based on summarizing empirically the activities of the center for students’ employment. Modern researchers’ approaches to defining “organizational and pedagogical conditions” are presented. Apart from others is the group of researchers analyzing organizational and pedagogical conditions as a set of factors. Also, the article reveals the point of view of researchers who think that organizational and pedagogical conditions are a set of some schemes. Separately we analyze research works by scientists who think that in the definition of “organizational and pedagogical conditions” there are two sensible components: organizational conditions and pedagogical conditions. Results and discussion. Analyzing issues and summarizing empirical experience, it was specified that under organizational conditions we will mean factors that guarantee controlling the process and pedagogical conditions will be understood as factors including content, methods, means, forms of teaching, upbringing that provide achieving pedagogical goals. In such a case, putting together organizational conditions and pedagogical conditions into one set used for achieving one mutual goal will result in organizational and pedagogical conditions together. On the basis of it in Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Tomsk State Pedagogical University” we made up and tested a set of organizational and pedagogical conditions contributing to students’ professional self-determination. Conclusion. There has been put forward the definition of organizational and pedagogical conditions contributing to the professional self-determination of students of a pedagogical university, including students with low motivation for pedagogical profession, that can be used as a basis for the activities of university centers for students’ employment. Keywords: professional self-determination, employment, organizational and pedagogical conditions, contribution | 2085 | |||||
| 1836 | The article is devoted to the analysis of the functional features of military collocations in English multi-genre texts of military political discourse. The author substantiates the idea that the functions of military collocations are determined by the functions of military political discourse and the intension of the text. The research novelty of the paper is in defining the functions performed by military collocations in military political discourse. The aim is to define the semantics and functions of military collocations in english military political discourse. The main methods of the research are functional-semantic analysis, contextual interpretation and continuous sampling method. The material of the research was the military collocations extracted from the texts of the press conference, the opening speech and the short statement of the NATO Secretary General J. Stoltenberg published on the NATO website; collocation dictionaries and English descriptive dictionaries. The military collocations in the statements of NATO Secretary General perform manipulative and informative function. Military collocations are considered to be one of the means of representing the opposition «ours» – «others» in the military political discourse. Military collocations perform manipulative function within a particular micro- and macrocontext of the situation, and on the condition that one or both components of the collocation have a negative evaluation semantics. The manipulative effect of military collocations is in distortion of information and false informing of the addressee. Such an effect is aimed at creating circles of «theirs». Military collocations performing informative function are used to denote types of military equipment and weapons, the amount of financing in the development of defense industry of NATO member countries, the scale of military power possessed by European countries that are regarded by NATO as «ours». The informative function of collocations is based on the nominative value of the units forming the collocation. The analysis of the functions of military collocations by the syntagmatic way has been carried out for the first time. The results of the research can be of practical value in compiling dictionaries of military collocations, as well as systematization of collocations according to functional and thematic features. Keywords: military collocation, military political discourse, informative function, manipulative function, addresser’s intention | 2085 | |||||
| 1837 | The paper is investigating the natural scientific basis of A. P Chechov's creative work assuming that basis as a source of the synergetical comprehension of the place of Man in the world, which view is flourishing at present. This approach substantiates the fundamental peculiarities of Chechov's creative work and its present actuality. | 2084 | |||||
| 1838 | The article is dedicated to the investigation of the fragments of associative semantic fields «Time» and «Space» in the text of J.A. Bunin's story «A Hundred Rupees». Analyzing the structure of associative semantic fields on the basis of semantic lexical paradigms the author reveals the artistic sense of the work. | 2084 | |||||
| 1839 | The article suggests the development of methods of formation of professional qualifications and skills of physical draining teachers for work with handicapped children having some health deviations and corporal defects. The development of professional qualifications and skills of physical training teachers is better to put in practice in the form of special courses taught for students at the faculties of physical training as well as in-service training cycles. | 2084 | |||||
| 1840 | The article is devoted to the presentation of the category of space with the help of adverbs. The world of Scandinavian mythology is based on two projections – horizontal and vertical. It is not known exactly what model was the initial and both models are represented in the language. Location adverbs occupy the basic place among different means of presenting category of space and reflect the practical activities of a man. | 2084 | |||||
| 1841 | In the article the maintenance and principles of the choice of “analytical” methods of the organization of group work in training are considered. Special attention in the article is paid to conditions of application of such “analytical” methods of the organization of small group work: problem solved methods, knowledge building education, project based learning, training seminar and “a case study”. Keywords: Intensive business training, training, methods of small group work, analytical methods of small group work, principles of a choice of methods of the organization of work in groups in training | 2084 | |||||
| 1842 | The dialogue is provided with a special existential sense in the present-day world. The dialogue has deep interrelations with scientific knowledge. The preparation for the scientific activity is one of the major problems which are being solved in university education and includes knowledge, abilities and practice of a scientific dialogue. This paper focuses on some steps for the solution to this essential didactic problem in the course of a foreign language for undergraduate students in the technical university. Keywords: scientific dialogue, preparation for scientific activity, a foreign language for undergraduate students | 2084 | |||||
| 1843 | The article investigates the models of organization of the educational process in rural schools as a perfect representation of administrative activity in the field of didactic and educational systems, resource provision and educational quality management. The analysis of the historical context of development of education in rural areas was carried out, the main stages of development of organization of educational process within formation of rural educational institutions in Russia in the XIXth – Xxth centuries and models corresponding to them are revealed. The author presents historical and pedagogical stages of formation of models of the organization of educational process at rural schools of Russia: 1) Pre-revolutionary stage (ending of the XVIIIth – beginning of the XXth centuries) – the period of origin, formation and development of rural education; 2) Soviet stage (1917–1991) – the period of unification of models of the organization of educational process at rural schools; 3) Russian stage (1991 – to the present) – the period of formation of the diversity of the type and sort of rural educational institutions. Within selected historical and pedagogical stages the context of development of rural pre-revolutionary schools of Russia was revealed, (which was the basis of the author’s pedagogical concepts promoting formation of various historical models of the organization of educational process: the idea of nationality (K. D. Ushinsky), free upbringing (L. N. Tolstoy), autonomy of pedagogical process (P. F. Kapterev), lack of social estates, continuity of educational process (N. I. Pirogov); functioning of modern rural educational institutions. It allowed to reveal and characterize variable models of the organization of educational process in the village: invariant model (XIXth century), unification model (XXth century); specifics of variable models of the organization of educational process and their evolution within historical stages of formation of education in the village in Russia in the XIX–XXth centuries. Keywords: model of organization, educational process, rural school, historical stages, social and cultural context, invariant components | 2084 | |||||
| 1844 | The article is devoted to the problem of folklore motives and their language representation. In folklore studies the following motives are distinguished: birth and death, three kingdoms, big house, marriage, enchanted forest and magic escape. The latter is one of the most popular motives not only in folklore but also in literature. The author resorts to the classification of magic escape forms introduced by V. Propp: magic escape alongside with throwing things/objects, magic escape connected with transformations, magic escape and pursuit. Special attention is paid to metamorphosis due to which characters can transform into different animals or birds (a horse, a wolf, a swan, an eagle, a hawk, a loon, a bear, a ruff) or objects (a ring, a straw, a needle). The characters of a runaway (a young man) and pursuer (a witch, a sorcerer) are studied. The article makes distinction between fairy tale plots and compositions in Russian and Selkup folklore. Some common and peculiar features are found. Magic escape motive is regarded as one of the oldest, it dates back to ancient mythology and could be found in different folklore traditions. The author comes to the conclusion that different motives are interweaved in fairytale plots. Cultural and ethnographic background determines peculiarities of Selkup and Russian prose folklore. Keywords: magic escape motive, plot, composition, prose folklore, magic, character, Russian folk tales, Selkup fairy tales | 2084 | |||||
| 1845 | The article examines the issue of Italian painting reception in the creativity of V.F. Odoevsky at the levels of images, motives, allusions. This issue is associated with pictorial art as a challenge for Odoevsky. Italian art in his prose is connected with a creator’s destiny: his …, insanity, unrealized … Art and creativity express chaotic and irrational part of the human nature, forming opposition with philosophy. The image of Italian Madonna is interpreted as an aesthetic and etic ideal of beauty. Odoevsky’s perception in this aspect corresponds with perception of the Lubomudry in general. This idea of perfection reflected in the images of wise and beautiful women playing the role of Muse. In aesthetic conception of Vackenroder the same image creates ties between art and religion. Madonna is identified in short stories “Vicenzio and Cecilia”, “The improvisator”, in stories “Silphide” and “Black glove”. Odoevsky uses ideas of German romanticists and Zhukovsky, but reconsiders them. For example, Cecilia embodies not only beauty, but also spiritual independence. The picture with Madonna in “The improvisator” expresses motive of beauty damaged by analysis and rationality. In the image of Siphide Odoevsky combines features of Venus, the divine of love and beauty painted by Botticelli, and Cristian Madonna. “Black glove” demonstrates absence of Madonna (line of Maria) in modern world. In conclusion, interpretation of Madonna’s image is included in Italian text system of the Lubomudry. However, Odoevsky adds to this text individual features typical of his philosophical prose. Keywords: the Lubomudry, Russian romanticism, Italian text, the image of Madonna | 2084 | |||||
| 1846 | Yiddish, the language of Ashkenazic Jews, arose about ten centuries ago as a result of contact with various dialects of Medieval German. Of all the Germanic languages, Yiddish looks least Germanic: it uses a Hebrew alphabet and is read from right to left, and its grammar and lexicon have undergone considerable influence not only from Hebrew and Aramaic, but also from various Slavic languages. Between 1890 and 1920 millions of Jews from Central and Eastern Europe boarded ships for America. They were fleeing the tragic events that shook the Old World. So Yiddish language and culture began its journey on a new continent. Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, and Philadelphia were among the cities where Yiddish theaters, newspapers, and book publishers thrived. A Yiddish vaudeville sprang up, featuring performers who could switch in the blink of an eye from dances and funny jokes to sentimental songs. The heart of the culture lay in New York, where Second Avenue acquired the nickname “the Yiddish Broadway.” Yiddish words were quick to enrich American English - words like bagel, bupkes, chutzpah, klutz, schlemiel, schlep, schmuck, tchotchke, etc. Many words and phrases from Yiddish you can encounter today in American books, magazines, newspapers; or hear on television or radio, in movies or nightclubs; or may overhear on the street in many cities in the United States. The borrowings from Yiddish include specific ethnic and religious terms, words of conversational speech, pejorative words and terms of Jewish cuisine. Keywords: Yiddish, borrowings, English, religious terms, words of conversational speech, pejorative words, Jewish cuisine terms | 2084 | |||||
| 1847 | Introduction. The article deals with the problem of modern English punctuation in a written communication of American mass media (The New York Times, San Francisco Chronicle). The paper is focused on the rules of putting comma as a sign, the functions of which are very contradictory and diverse, since in the same syntactic contexts it can be either allowed or avoided. The analysis of the comma functioning rules is explained by the fact that this sign often replaces all other punctuation marks in modern written communication. The aim of the work is to identify and explain the principles of comma functioning in modern communication (based on the material of American English) in order to facilitate the understanding of the laws of punctuation in the English language. Material and methods. The main research methods are the method of linguistic description, syntactic analysis, interpretative method, the method of stylistic description. Results and discussion. In the undertaken analysis, we claim that in American written communication, comma performs the following set of functions: dividing or separating syntactic units within a syntactic structure, highlighting the meaning, enhancing an expressiveness and semantic significance of a syntactic element, using the sign as an individualised stylistic means of expressiveness in the text. The scientific novelty of this work is systematization and scientific classification of functions typical of a comma from the point of view of the English grammar laws and their stylistic variation, which practically were not covered in other studies on the grammar of English. Conclusion. The proposed list of functions performed by comma in a modern American discourse allows us to offer students studying English a relatively complete overview of the possible meanings characteristic of this sign, and thus, remove some difficulties in understanding and mastering the syntactic theory of English. Keywords: punctuation, written communication, comma, syntactic relations, expressive function, emphasising function | 2084 | |||||
| 1848 | Introduction. Nowadays the sphere of construction engineering is one of the fast-developing fields. Owing to the advanced construction technology development new words appear in the Russian language. The purpose of the article is to discover and describe the latest professional borrowings related to the field of innovative construction technologies and introduced into Russian in the 21st century. The objectives of the paper are the material selection, the definition of the sources and time of borrowings being analyzed, and creating the classification of foreign terminological units. Material and methods. The material for the study is the latest borrowings in the sphere of construction engineering appeared in the Russian language in the 21st century and used in the professional discourse (web-sites for construction professionals). The basis of the methodology lies in the descriptive and comparative methods. Results and discussion. The article contains a short theoretical overview of borrowings in Russian. The study shows that most of the terminological units denoting advanced construction technologies are borrowed from other languages with the technology itself. The major part of the given terminological units is borrowed from English and represents loanwords, calques and partial calques. Moreover, with the purpose of stating the time of borrowings all terminological units were searched for in the National Corpus of the Russian Language. It appeared that the majority of terms are not recorded either in the National Corpus of the Russian Language or in terminological dictionaries. Conclusion. Modern construction vocabulary of the 21st century is represented mostly by anglicisms among which there are lexical and semantic borrowings (calques and partial calques). The article has analyzed terminological units not previously recorded in either terminological dictionaries or National Corpus of the Russian Language. The practical value enables to use the article materials for academic and lexicographical purposes. Keywords: construction terminology, latest borrowings, lexical and semantic borrowings, calques, partial calques | 2084 | |||||
| 1849 | Introduction. The article is devoted to the methodological analysis of the complex of conditional speech exercises and their typology in textbooks on Russian as a foreign language for students who begin to study Russian at the elementary level. The paper deals with the problem of sufficiency / insufficiency of speech exercises for the formation of linguistic competence as an important component of intercultural communicative competence. As an object, a textbook on Russian as a foreign language is considered as the main component of the educational and methodological complex, which sets out the content of speech material and ways of mastering it through a system of exercises. The subject of this research is a methodological analysis of the typology of exercises as part of the complex in the “Family” section of textbooks on Russian as a foreign language (elementary level) “Let’s go!” (authors S. Chernyshov and A. Chernyshova), “Russian season” (authors M. M. Nakhibina, V. E. Antonova, V. E. Zhaboklitskaya, I. I. Kurlova, O. V. Smirnova, A. A. Tolstykh) and “Russian souvenir” (author I. Mozelova). Purpose of the study. To consider the complexes of conditional speech exercises in textbooks of Russian as a foreign language, their typology for the formation of linguistic competence in Russian among foreign students of preparatory faculties of Russian universities. Material and methods. Theoretical and comparative analysis of conditional speech exercises in the content of the “Family” section in textbooks on RFL, taking into account the communicative practice of teaching, made it possible to highlight the features of the types of exercises in each individual textbook. On the basis of a quantitative analysis, their ratio within the complex was determined. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, the types of conditional speech exercises, organized in complexes, are described. Their quantitative ratio is presented on the example of the content of the section on the topic “Family” in the textbooks of the elementary level: “Let’s go”, “Russian season”, “Russian souvenir”. Conclusion. This study is aimed at helping the teacher navigate the choice of a textbook for foreign students at the initial stage of study, depending on their needs and the goals of studying RFL. Keywords: Russian as a foreign language, linguistic competence, a set of conditional speech exercises, speech skills, typology of conditional speech exercises, textbook on RFL | 2084 | |||||
| 1850 | Nowadays, political communication uses a whole range of confrontational speech strategies and tactics aimed at discrediting opponents in an information war, as well as imposing their point of view and forming a certain public opinion regarding discredited objects. A confrontational strategy provides the speaker with the opportunity to express a negative attitude towards his opponent, hostility and willingness to enter into conflict to achieve his own goals, ignoring the goals and interests of the other side. A confrontational strategy involves retreat and even violation of moral and ethical norms. Confrontational speech strategies include strategies of submission and persuasion, discrediting. Each of the strategies is implemented using different speech tactics. In order to effectively counter the threats of negative information impact, it is necessary to identify the speech strategies and tactics used by the German Federal Chancellor Olaf Scholz, which determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the research is to study the confrontational strategies and tactics in O. Scholz’s speech, affecting a mass audience and aimed at discrediting both the image of Russia itself and Russian foreign policy. The source of the research material was Olaf Scholz’s keynote speech, which he delivered to the German Federal Government on February 27, 2022. This speech was the FGR reaction to the beginning of a special military operation by the Russian Federation. Descriptive and comparative methods along with contextual analysis techniques, as well as definitional, semantic analysis were used to achieve this goal. The article analyzes two confrontational strategies used by Olaf Scholz: discrediting, submission and persuasion. The discrediting strategy is used more often than the strategy of submission and persuasion. The following discrediting tactics have been identified: accusation, negative forecasting and polarization. The strategy of submission and persuasion is objectified with the help of threats and orders. Confrontational tactics act both autonomously (in isolation) and in combination with each other (combined). Keywords: speech aggression, confrontational speech strategy, discrediting strategy, strategy of submission and persuasion, speech tactics, political communication, the German language, Olaf Scholz | 2084 | |||||




