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| 3451 | Introduction. А sensational story of Parasha Lupolova, the daughter of an exile, who in 1805 walked on foot from Siberia to St. Petersburg to ask Alexander I for mercy for her convicted father, served as a basis for a number of literary works. A consistent plot (we further refer to it as “parasha’s plot”) based on this true story was formed in the first half of the XIX century. Eventually it became so popular that it was reproduced not only in the author’s, but also in anonymous works of fiction of the last quarter of the 19th century. At least two periods can be singled out in the history of the development of the “parasha’s plot”: period of formation (first half of the XIX century) and period of modification (late XIX – early XX centuries). Aim and objectives. Among the aims of the article are: to introduce into scientific circulation the discovered anonymous stories based on “parasha’s plot”; to study interconnections of these texts; to trace changes in the plot code of these anonymous stories; and finally – to establish whether the patterns of plot development are universal for all so-called secondary texts, regardless of the source of their plot. Material and methods. As material for the study, four anonymous stories on the “parasha’s plot” related to the last quarter of the 19th century were taken. The work uses comparative and structural methods, as well as the method of intertextual analysis. Results and discussion. Anonymous stories based on the “parasha’s plot” reveal a close interconnection at the textual level, which suggests a sequence in which they emerged. The plot code of each of the stories demonstrates deformations or “empty spaces” (lacunae), which define the direction for the development of the plot in each subsequent version. Conclusion. Anonymous stories which belong to the second period of “parasha’s plot” development represent its integral stage, which consists in its gradual deformation both at the level of plot elements and at the level of ideological content. At the same time, the modifications of the plot code in the anonymous stories confirm the regularities revealed in the analysis of the plot codes of the secondary texts regardless of their plot origin. Keywords: “parasha’s plot”, plot code, Parasha sibiryachka, Parasha Lypolova, Alexander Pushkin, “The Captain’s Daughter”, Nikolai Polevoi, Lydia Charskaya | 1979 | |||||
| 3452 | Sannikova L.V. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1998. Issue 3 (6). P. 41-43 . | 1978 | |||||
| 3453 | In this article culture is represented as means of aes-thetical being of a person. Culture is creativity, activity and social memory. Aesthetical being of a person - is social-cultural process, which determining by beauty and forming of perfect individuality. This article makes accent not on contemplation of beauty in the world but on a person's possibility to make it in culture, to appraise and to transmit it. | 1978 | |||||
| 3454 | It is considered in the psychological anthropology that a person passes consecutively through a number of degrees of the development of the subjectivity, each of them expresses the corresponding mode of the subjective reality: the individual, the subject, the personality, the universum. The analysis of the inner structure and the contextual side of the games, consecutively changing each other during the period of preschool age – elementary producing, mode-roling, plot-roling, a game with rules and producing game in details – allows to suppose that every kind of game, being the leading at the definite stage of the age development, initially supposes the satiation of the leading form of existing of a child. The other forms of existing are not leveled, but harmonically co-exist with the generalized modus, and they are in a special subordinational relations, fulfilling the accompanying function. | 1978 | |||||
| 3455 | The article deals with irony which, being one of the milestone characteristic features of Romanticism, in fact acquired the status of a Romantic outlook. Bonaventure in his novel ‘Nachtwachten’ (‘Night-watch’) creates by means of irony a unique intertextual reality, which in its turn is both food and basis for cross-cultural discourse between early and late Romanticism. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the novel anticipates the «ironical modality» of the 20th Century. | 1978 | |||||
| 3456 | Protection of workers' personal data is a novelty of Russian Labor Law. There is no unanimous opinion about principles of that activity. This article analyzes possibility of fixing principles of protection workers' personal data in Labor Code and offers their definitions. | 1978 | |||||
| 3457 | The author deals with the problem of homelessness and criminality. In the given article the specifity of using of the criminological methods in studying the problems of interrelationship between homelessness and criminality is being described. | 1978 | |||||
| 3458 | The author analyses Russian Criminal Procedure Code (RCPC Автор анализирует нормы УПК РФ, устанавливающие основания для возвращения уголовного дела прокурору. Предлагается расширить норму статьи 237 УПК РФ и учесть случаи, когда неправильная квалификация деяния, вмененного обвиняемому, возникает при отсутствии вины сотрудников органов предварительного расследования (т.е. речь идет об объективно правовых деяниях). ) regulations about the terms of returning case to the public prosecutor. There is the offer to add to the Article 237 RCPC and to consider situations when wrong qualification of the “criminal” act arises without the fault of investigator (“impartially legal acts”). | 1978 | |||||
| 3459 | The article covers the problem of perception of the contemporary Russian prose by the Western criticism; a special attention is given to the analysis of differences in approach and of national and cultural peculiarities of the perception of the newest Russian literature in Russia and in the West. By means of the contrastive analysis of opinions about L.Petrushevskaya's, V.Makanin's, V.Pelevin's works in the native and English-speaking criticism the major tendencies in the reception of the contemporary Russian literature are developed. Keywords: contemporary Russian prose, English-speaking criticism, western criticism, native criticism and philology, feministic literature, female prose, Soviet literature and mentality, postmodernism, pop-culture, cognitive dissonance, Russian national archetype | 1978 | |||||
| 3460 | Basic properties of radiation of the atomic chains excited by a channeling particle are considered. Using a very simple two-dimensional model of a crystal lattice we have shown that the main part of this radiation is generated on the frequency of oscillations of a channeling particle between the crystal planes, shifted by the Doppler effect. Angular distribution of the radiation of the chain of oscillating atoms is sharply peaked in the direction of the velocity of channeling particle because of coherence of the fields, produced by individual atoms. Keywords: radiation, channeling particle, crystal lattice, angular distribution, coherence | 1978 | |||||
| 3461 | In the article presents one of the ways of problem solving of junior schoolchildren’s personality development in terms of the new educational standard on the base of author’s conceptions and teaching aids. Keywords: personality development, formation of personality qualities, forming education, psychological training, lessons of self-perfection | 1978 | |||||
| 3462 | The article deals with the category of inclusive/exclusive in Altaic languages: special sets of pronouns and nominal and verbal forms in Manchu-Tungusic and Mongolic, forms of augmented and minimal inclusive in Turkic imperative paradigms. A special attention is paid to the structural patterns of building inclusive. All-Turkic multi-plural personal pronouns having more than one affi x of plurality in their morphological structure as well as collective-dual pronouns in Yakut are characterized according to their ability to express inclusive/exclusive semantics. Keywords: exclusive, inclusive, minimal and augmented inclusive Altaic languages | 1978 | |||||
| 3463 | The article is devoted to the characteristics of the initial stage in the history of formation and development of a professional training system in the field of social work in the USA. The author allocated stages of development of this system during the period from the end of the 19th century till 1930s. The basic attention is paid to the first of the allocated stages – to the stage of before-professional formations in the sphere of social work in the USA. The analysis of conceptual sights, characteristic for the American charitable movements in which bowels bases of the future system of vocational training of social workers in the USA, represents the particular interest. Keywords: social work, apprenticeship, professional training, formation and development of a professional training system, vocational training, movement “Settlement”, movement of “Societies of the organised charity», social education. | 1978 | |||||
| 3464 | In his final article «Pushkin», Tynyanov has specified the two-sidedness of Pushkin’s semantics as a major factor of the poet’s literary evolution (“of catastrophic force and speed“). Semantic two-sidedness produces “varying” meanings and consequently can act as it were a regulator of contradictory understanding of Pushkin on the part of contemporaries and the latest literary generations. In this context, it is important to note the interest of Tynyanov to “a high ode”, having dual, two-sided nature. The Tynyanov’s formalistic attitudes excluded, on the one hand, the efficiency of psychological approach to the description of literary phenomena; on the other – created necessary conditions for forming up poetic forms, i.e. theoretically proved literary models. Keywords: Pushkin, “Ruslan and Lyudmila”, “Eugene Onegin”, Onegin’s stanza, semantic two-sidedness, “varying” meanings, dynamics of literary forms | 1978 | |||||
| 3465 | The article presents a model of pedagogical support of professional self-determination of senior students based on the competence approach. The model is based on the interaction of three equivalent structural elements: educational environment, teachers, students. Effectiveness of the model is tested experimentally on the basis of school № 13 in Tomsk. Practical importance are developed in the framework of the research program “Principles of socialization”, “Fundamentals of design”, manual “Active forms of vocational guidance in preprofile and school education”, “Introduction to the design”. Keywords: Educational support, vocational self-competence approach, professional self-competence | 1978 | |||||
| 3466 | In the article the problems of management with material stocks at the metallurgical enterprises are allocated; directions of increase of efficiency of functioning of the industrial enterprises; preconditions of development of the system of management are shown by material stocks; the author’s treatment of the concept «operational cycle» is offered. Keywords: management, inventories, metallurgical industry, operational cycle, financial cycle | 1978 | |||||
| 3467 | The questions of management of formation of teachers’ preparedness for research activities in educational institutions are considered in this article. The author of the article highlights special features of management of teachers’ training for research activities. The idea of joint management to form teachers’ preparedness for research work is considered by the example of joint construction of individual educational policy of teachers. Such activities can be regarded as realization of effective management of teachers’ training for research activities. Keywords: research activities, preparedness for research activities, management, joint management | 1978 | |||||
| 3468 | The article deals with the analysis of regulative means and structures in a public discourse of A.A. Venedictov’s interview. The regulative means and structures correlate with communicative tactics and strategies in journalist’s discourse and also they compared with communicative roles of language person and his relation to communicative standard. Keywords: regulative means, regulative structures, communicative style, language personality | 1978 | |||||
| 3469 | Specificity of costume designer’s professional activity is harmonious combination of the aesthetic and utilitarian aspects. The aesthetic aspect, associated with the creation of positive emotions, expressive aesthetic, artistic imagery, has traditionally been the dominant in Russian design education. Modern condition of Russian clothing industry requires deposing the costume designer’s professional competence towards creating useful qualities of the object. The article discusses the possible reasons of the aesthetic and utilitarian aspects imbalance. Also the author proposes some ways of organizing and content of practical training, which will help to restore the right balance between aesthetic and utilitarian components in our design education. Special attention is devoted to the problem of organizing the industrial practice for fashion designers. The author emphasizes the teacher’s role and the role of his own fashion design practical experience in the formation of costume designer’s professional competencies. Keywords: bachelor, design education, design activity methods of vocational training, industrial practices | 1978 | |||||
| 3470 | The article examines the feasibility of applying the project method in institutions of the municipal social services, based on the characteristics of the various population groups in need of social services, analyzes the problems of organizational, personnel, methodological and material support of project activities, presents the positive aspects of using the project method in the work of institutions of social service of the population with individuals and families in difficult life situations. Describes the work of the specialists of municipal institutions of social service with children and families to solve their socialization problems, which is carried out through socio-pedagogical support of concerned citizens and providing them with socio-educational services. Presents the definition of municipal social services, which is understood as the network of state and municipal institutions located in the territory of the municipality and are engaged in social service of citizens in accordance with applicable law. Presents characteristics of socialpedagogical activity of the specialists of municipal institutions of social service as one of the main tools of interaction with minors and families in difficult life situations. Specifies the main contradiction of using this tool in practice: elimination of the institute of social pedagogues in institutions of social protection in accordance with applicable legislation on social services for citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as the lack of normative embodied technologies of socio-pedagogical work in the area. Shows the expediency of the use of the method of sociopedagogical design in solving problems of socially vulnerable layers of the population. The main object of this work is the development and implementation of preventive work in the sphere of ill-treatment of children and violations of their rights, all forms of violence against the person, bad habits and socially dangerous diseases and the development of the overall outlook, the organization of leisure and health activities that will lead to a significant increase in the number of professional ideas and public initiatives to improve the activities of municipal institutions of social service to provide social services to the interested persons. Keywords: city social network; municipal social services; project; design; project activities; prevention; sociopedagogical technology; socio-pedagogical design; institutions of social protection of the population | 1978 | |||||
| 3471 | Bykonya V.V. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1999. Issue 4 (13). P. 49-52 . | 1977 | |||||
| 3472 | In the given work the method of calculation for equili-brum sub-transsonic flows is offered and the results of its application are given. It is based on the method of approached factorization for the solution of the complete speed potential equation, which has been written down in the conservative form on orthogonal grid, connected with a contour of a nozzle. This method allows calculating flows in nozzles, having the complex form of combustion chamber, particularly the flush-mounted nozzle. The method gives the best correlation with the experiment in comparison with a usual approached factorization method. Such results are explained by using of an orthogonal grid, which improves the approximation of the initial differential equation. | 1977 | |||||
| 3473 | One of the most significant factors of conservation and quality improvement in Banking System of the Russian Federation is an existence of statistics of financial and credit relationships, which corresponds to present economic terms and requirements in international practice. Current reporting needs to be totally changed due to the redundancy on the one hand and lack of several important evaluative indexes on the other hand. It must be organized with consideration of growth of supervision efficiency of Bank of Russia and efficiency of other commercial banks in general. It is recommended to build the new system of statistical indexes of credit institutions on the base of methods of International Standards Principles of Financial Reporting, which will lead to reduction of amount of statistical supervision forms, improvement of information types, their composition and period of their presentation. | 1977 | |||||
| 3474 | In the article on the basis of the analysis of Russian scientific literature on aspects competence the approach in education, the author suggests definitions in detail-specialized competence which formation will allow increasing quality of education of university graduates. It is offered to inspect in detail-specialized competence on the basis of the qualifying characteristics generated by the labour market. The independent activity of students is analyzed during training and its influence on formation in detail-specialized competence. Flight research of independent activity of students of the correspondence form of training with the help of the developed questionnaire is carried out. It is revealed, that independent activity of students during training is characterized by non-uniform distribution, with its gradual increase by the end of term of training. The received data are analyzed and it will be applied for the further research. Keywords: competence, competence approach, subject-oriented competence, independent activity of students, maintenance of quality of education, quality of preparation of experts | 1977 | |||||
| 3475 | The authors of the article offer ways to improve quality of education and make specialized education in ungraded schools readily available by means of providing of online forms of education and implementation of innovative educational programs Keywords: education, ungraded school, state educational policy, teachers extended training, online education tutor, specialized education, innovative educational programs | 1977 | |||||
| 3476 | The article is devoted to the analysis of the Siberian Constructional Democrats’ program positions evolution on the agrarian issue during the revolution and Civil War and the attempts of their practical achievements. Compromise content of the agrarian policy of the Constructional Democrats in the reviewed period, its motives, influence on the policy of A. V. Kolchak government and the reasons for the final failure was revealed on the materials of the Constructional Democrats party congresses and conferences, the Constructional Democrats periodical press and the archival documents. Keywords: Liberalism, Siberia, Revolution, Civil War | 1977 | |||||
| 3477 | The article deals with historical and pedagogical models of rural ungraded schools, preconditions for their planning at the present stage. It describes two basic models of the modern rural schools of this type. Keywords: historical and pedagogical models of rural ungraded schools, preconditions, different-age school models. | 1977 | |||||
| 3478 | The dialog of Russian and native cultures is one of the most effective approaches in studying of the writing creation of the Russian and native literatures by the pupils of the national schools. Full value entering in a perfect type of culture, taking part in dialog at the lessons of Literature can take place under condition of understanding of different types of cultures by the pupils, which determinates by national world outlook, geographical landscape, national peculiarities of consciousness and psychology. The dialog of Russian and native cultures perfects the perception and understanding books of Russian Literature and native Literature. Keywords: dialog, culture, perception, national, methodology, principles, worldview. | 1977 | |||||
| 3479 | In the article there are described features of reference of demonstratives in Spanish. The demonstratives in Spanish have different referential properties based on the grammatical properties of pronouns. The author pays special attention to differentiation between the referential and non-referential situation because it allows to better understanding of shades of meaning. Keywords: reference, demonstratives, non-referential using | 1977 | |||||
| 3480 | In the article the problem of legal security for information psychological safety of children is analyzed. The problem is considered in the context of adoption the federal statute “About Protection of Children against the Information Harming their Health and Development” from 29.12.2010, entering in validity since the fi rst of September 2012. The psychologicolegal substantiation of the destructive information is introduced. Finally, the author gives the offers on protection of the current legislation in the fi eld of the legal responsibility for distribution of the destructive information production. Keywords: safety of the person, destructive information, information infl uence, mental virus | 1977 | |||||
| 3481 | The development of creative relations between V. Ivanov and A. Blok is investigated. It is shown, that in the beginning of friendship the two poets were delighted with each other, but at the end of history of symbolic school there was no harmony in their relations. The main point of the polemics was the essence of symbolism. Ivanov wrote that symbolism had to be religious art; Blok thought that art might be free of any political or religious idea. Keywords: creativity, art, V. Ivanov, A. Blok, russian symbolism, russian aesthetics of the beginning of 20th century | 1977 | |||||
| 3482 | The article offers an approach to knowledge control in a virtual educational environment, which differs from the known methods of a weighted sum of time costs when students passing of control tests and received successful response. The article gives the algorithm to the control of knowledge, showing the success of learning within the discipline which is being studied. Keywords: educational process, the virtual educational environment, the control of knowledge | 1977 | |||||
| 3483 | The article deals with the peculiarities of some specific structures which are characterized by the abnormality of lexical and grammatical agreement. The given structures referred to as ‘semimarked ones’ are widely used in the English language and, among other things, for expressing space measurements. To gain a better insight into the relations between the categories of space and measure the above-mentioned structures were included into the peripheral zone of the functional-semantic field representing the measures of length. The core of the field includes the metric system units and some traditional ones used in English-speaking countries. The periphery is formed, mostly, by various means of language expressing inaccurate and unspecified measures. Keywords: category of space, category of measure, unspecified measure, semimarked structure, functionalsemantic field | 1977 | |||||
| 3484 | The article deals with the cognitive foundations of the mental phenomenon of imagination as well as the language representation of the ability to form and model an image. Imagination as a mental activity is the ability to form and shape an image. Analysis of the language conceptualization of imagination is based on the method of a cognitive modeling of a situation, with the help of which it is possible to access the knowledge of the mental process studied. A large number of verb nominations verbalizing the process of imagination attests to the importance of this phenomenon for the English language picture of the world. According to the empirical material the situation of imagination can be categorized by verbs that differently characterize it. The generalization of the components of the semantic structure of linguistic expressions and the contexts of their representation have made it possible to construct a cognitive model of the situation of imagination with the following participants: the subject of imagination, the process of imagination (as the formation of mental images in a certain space-time environment) and the object of imagination (imaginary). The volume of the empirical material allowed us to identify and analyze the signs of the participants of the situation of imagination. Keywords: semantics of imagination, situation, participant of the situation, cognitive model of the situation, knowledge structure, language representation, language categorization | 1977 | |||||
| 3485 | The article concerns the legal status of refugee children in the interwar period in the limitrophe states. It reflects material and legal status and is based on the data kept in the so called Prague Archive (the Russian Foreign Historical Archive), which is the part of the State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF). The article includes the analytical data concerning the quantity of refugee children. The article considers not only social and legal status, but also moral condition of refugee children in the limitrophe states and includes common and particular cases of this. The research concerns also living conditions of adults and children in emigration, their complicated material and moral conditions, difficulties which children had to face (either the necessity to work at an early age and, as a result, the inability to attend school, or the employment of parents at work and the inability to educate a child, which ultimately led to disobedience and permissiveness), identifies the factors, which affected this and means of providing assistance to refugee children. The author pays attention to the difficulties, which children faced in emigration: hunger, need, mental and physical violence and denationalization. The author also points out the means of struggle against such a regime and means of providing support from the government and emigration organizations (material support, organization of various children “settlements”, summer children camps and refuges) and problems, which they faced while organizing all this work. The author also gives the comparative analyses of refugee children’s position in recipient countries and points out that children conditions were different according to the policy of the government towards Russian emigrants and economical situation inside every country. Moreover the direct dependence of legal and material status on economical situation inside the country is also pointed out in the research. Keywords: Russian emigration, denationalization, charity, the Civil War, Russian speaking population, repatriation, national identity | 1977 | |||||
| 3486 | Zholobova I.G. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1997. Issue 2 (2). P. 46-48 . | 1976 | |||||
| 3487 | This issue contains the analysis of condition of ecolo¬gist consciousness in humanitarian culture on the border of millennium. While analyzing was founded the role of ecologist consciousness in forming of ecocentric and bio-centric type of personality. This type of personality is ori¬entated to everybody's realization of his role in solution of global problems, including ecologists. | 1976 | |||||
| 3488 | The article considered contents of notion «economic culture», revealled mechanisms of influence of economic culture at the social-economic life of society. There are chosen functions of the economic culture. Specific lines of teacher economic culture are shown. Criterions and factors for the evaluation of economic culture condition formation are designed. | 1976 | |||||
| 3489 | The author describes the pedagogical conditions of educational process in the system of continuous professional education. The authors reveal specifically the reduction of continuous education in conjunction primary, secondary and higher education. Keywords: continuous professional education, pre-university training centres, secondary education, higher education, vocational education. | 1976 | |||||
| 3490 | The article presents the main concepts associated with transdisciplinarity objectivity in school education. Possibility of realization of transdisciplinary approach at a geography class by means of technology of development of critical thinking through reading and writing is shown. Keywords: transdisciplinarity objectivity, transdisciplinarity public work, transdisciplinarity knowledge, transdisciplinarity skills, transdisciplinarity results, technology of development of critical thinking through reading and writing | 1976 | |||||
| 3491 | A book of poems in which titles refer to business documents (an explanatory note, travel orders, reporting) considered. The functions of genre limits in modern poetry, as well as ways of the extra poetical material lyrization analyze. Creating a setup for “the literature of fact”, the authors of the analyzed books emphasize the rootedness of their poetry in the modern society. However, the introduction of “documentality” in poetry is the convention, “factography” undergoes to lyrical “defamiliarization” using situational and stylistic grotesque. Keywords: modern poetry, a book of poems, K. Zykov, Yu. Gugolev, K. Medvedev, lyrical plot, grotesque | 1976 | |||||
| 3492 | A brief description of the supersymmetric and duality covariant approach to supergravity is presented. The formalism is based on exceptional geometric structures and turns the hidden U-duality group into a manifest gauge symmetry. Tensor hierachy of gauged supergravity appears naturally here as a consequence of covariance of the construction. Finally, the full supersymmetric Lagrangian is explicitly constructed. This work was presented on the International Conference “Quantum Field Theory and Gravity (QFTG’14)” in Tomsk. Keywords: supergravity, extended geometry, dualities, exceptional field theory | 1976 | |||||
| 3493 | The main strategic objective of advertising is to increase sales of a particular company. There is no doubt that the consumer knows about this problem and about the various methods of advertising impact. Some of these methods seem to be quite complex, and some clear and simple. The relevance of the study due to the fact that the effectiveness of traditional promotional tools, such as direct advertising and public relations, goes down each year. Marketers develop alternative ways of influencing consumer. This article discusses the non-standard forms of advertising and promotion: ambient marketing, product placement, creating intrigue in the advertising message, flashmobs and other. Keywords: marketing tools to promote products and services, the efficiency of instruments of promotion, nonstandard forms of advertising promotion | 1976 | |||||
| 3494 | The article reveals results of the onomasiological approach to analyze corpora of Tomsk realionims elaborated in Russian. This article covers issues of a great importance such as onomasiology as a study of designations where linguistics forms can stand for a given concept, idea, and object, theoretical components of an onomasiological approach to categorize required vocabulary segments. Moreover, the research also considers various realia classifications elaborated since 1950s that are crucial for modern linguistics and widely spread. The article anticipates detailed and careful examination of such classifications and criteria of their formation and elaboration to select the basic one. In accordance with the research, the most reliable classification has been selected and applied during systematization and categorization. In such a manner, an onomasiological approach and the one realia classification specified in the article became the basis to systemize realionims associated with Tomsk and Tomsk Region in compliance with corresponding classification groups. Furthermore, the article defines thematic content of realionims` corpora dedicated to Tomsk and Tomsk Region. Thus, the article reveals statistic data and quantitative parameters of lexical groups that have been selected by continuous sampling method, analyzed and systemized by means of an onomasiological approach and realia classification selected during research. Keywords: onomasiological approach, Tomsk realionims, realionims corpora, thematic groups, classification of realionims, hard-to-translate endemic units, parallelization of corporas of different languages | 1976 | |||||
| 3495 | The article contains the analysis of the images of toys in the works of Siberian writers of the beginning of the XXI: the story-tale “Princess Agashka in the Land of Unknown Animals” by S. K. Danilov, “Pegasus” by V. V. Shkalikov, “The Year of the Princess Bukashka” by Yu. S. Burkin. A toy, which has the oldest origin and combined ritual sacral, playful, psychological functions, is one of the classic images of children’s literature. All these properties are reflected in different ways in the works of the Siberian authors. In the story-tale by S. K. Danilov the old toys serve as assistants, guides, custodians of knowledge, as a mirror image of the inner world of Agashka, and also personify the state of abandonment and desolation, thereby contributing to the formation of important personal qualities of the main character. Old dolls, personifying true values (kindness, friendship, charity) are contrasted with Cindy dolls, symbolizing the values of the era of consumption. Overcoming the temptations associated with the problem of choosing life ideals, Agashka leaves the Playground of the Land of Unknown Beasts and goes to the real world with a personality. In the “Pegasus” by V. V. Shkalikov in the image of a wooden saltcellar are found the oldest solar images-symbols (winged horse, bird), which have important cultural and historical significance. The act of creating a toy made of natural material leads to the awakening and, in a literal sense, the revitalization of inanimate material, becomes the impetus for inducing heroes to search for the meaning of existence. In the cycle of stories by Yu. S. Burkin “The Year of the Princess Bukashka” the toys perform an important function of the amulet. In addition, references to classical children’s literature-works by L. Carroll, S. K. Lewis, A. N. Tolstoy, Sasha Tcherny, A. Barto, etc. are found in the works of Siberian authors. Keywords: S. K. Danilov, V. V. Shkalikov, Yu. S. Burkin, “Princess Agashka in the Land of Unknown Animals”, “Pegasus”, “The Year of the Princess Bukashka”, children’s literature, images of toys | 1976 | |||||
| 3496 | Introduction. The basis of cultural memory are the processes of “rebirth” and “oblivion”, the ratio of which affects the spiritual make-up of each era. However, the action of the mechanism of “cultural memory” acquires special significance in times of social cataclysms. In the artistic thinking of the crisis time, the semantic complex of “cultural memory” primarily implements the function of “ordering the elemental world”, “modeling” its aesthetically relevant “copy” according to the universal principle of the creation myth and its structure. The understanding of the spiritual reality of the crisis time is carried out in synthesized forms that arise as a result of intrageneric and intergenre transformations. This kind of artistic phenomena includes the final novel by F. M. Dostoevsky’s “The Brothers Karamazov”, which reflects the author’s desire to create a universal artistic super-form for a comprehensive embodiment of the worldview. Aim and objectives. To study the subject-material world in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov” from ontological positions and in the context of the poetics of cultural memory. In this regard to identify characteristic features of descriptive parts of the plot, to reveal key spatial images, to differentiate the “subject” and “material” meanings of interior objects. Material and methods. The article explores the features of image of the objective world in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”, relying on the works by M. M. Bakhtin, S. S. Averintsev, A. P. Chudakov, M. N. Epstein, K. G. Isupov. The subject of study is the interior as one of the aspects of the subject-material world and a number of things-operators in their connection with the problems of cultural memory. The study is carried out on the basis of the structuralsemiotic method. Results and discussion. In Russian literary criticism, the problem of object / subject poetics has not been systematically studied. The tokens “subject” and “thing” are most often used in a generalized sense. The differences in their etymons are given, the composite term “subject-material world” is proposed, which combines different (visual and auditory) versions of the artistic interpretation of reality while preserving the original values, and also includes an approach to the subject and things from the standpoint of spiritual development, the discovery of existential meaning. The subject-material aspect in the poetics of F. M. Dostoevsky is represented in an undeveloped manner. However, in the context of the aspiration of thought F. M. Dostoevsky on the “subject-matter”, “substantial” subject-material world acquires special characteristics. The “stereotyped” descriptions of interiors in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov”, as a technique, creates multiple plot calls and repetitions, which together reveal a metaphysical image of the common space. Interior items, depicted extremely conditionally, at the same time realize the symbolic function of the “things” of messengers. The brevity of descriptions, which in the limit boils down to enumeration, actualizes the early, donarrative forms of the cumulative type in the plot, giving dynamics and eventfulness to the descriptive parts of the plot. In addition, the symbolism of objects of the subject-real world includes the possibility of transforming an object into a thing, which is understood as revealing the eidos, living structure or metaphysical depth of a thing and the inverse movement of a thing into an object, “closing” its existential core, “solidifying” within the external forms of material existence. Conclusion. Thus, the subject-material world in “The Brothers Karamazov”, in particular the interior, given in brief descriptions, listings, references, not only dotted outlines the contours of everyday life of heroes, determines the trajectories of their movements, actions, but also implements the possibility of “entering” into existential meanings, into the space of sacred memory, becoming, by the definition of P. Florensky, a symbol of Eternity created in Time. Keywords: cultural memory, object, thing, interior, iteration, metaphysics, eidos, descriptive fragments, Dostoevsky, “The Brothers Karamazov” | 1976 | |||||
| 3497 | A geometrical covariant definition of the variation of conserved quantities is introduced for Lagrangian field theories, suitable for both metric and affine gravitational theories. When this formalism is applied to the Hilbert Lagrangian we obtain a covariant definition of the Hamiltonian (and consequently a definition of the Energy) for a gravitational system The definition of the variation of Energy depends on boundary conditions one imposes. Different boundary conditions are introduced to define different energies: the gravitational heat (corresponding to Neumann boundary conditions) and the Brown-York quasilocal energy (corresponding to Dirichlet boundary conditions) for a gravitational system. An analogy between the behavior of a gravitational system and a macroscopical thermodynamics system naturally arises and relates control modes for the thermodynamical system with boundary conditions for the gravitational system. This geometrical and covariant framework enables one to define entropy of gravitational systems, wnich results to be a geometric quantity with well-defined cohomological properties arising from the obstruction to foliate spacetimes into spacelike hypersurfaces. This definition of gravitational entropy turns out to be very general: it can be generalized to causal horizons and multiple-horizon spacetimes and applied to define entropy for more exotic singular solutions of Einstein field equations. The same definition results also to be well-suited in higher dimensions and in the case of alternative gravitational theories. | 1975 | |||||
| 3498 | We study a generic chiral-antichiral superfiled model on N=1/2 deformed superspace. The model is formulated in terms of arbitrary Kahler potential and arbitrary chiral and antichiral superpotentials. A component structure of the model is found. One-loop effective action in low-energy approximation is considered at constant background fields. The divergent and finite contributions to effective action are calculated | 1975 | |||||
| 3499 | The Early Indo-European language, being a language with the active structure, at the dawn of its history had the two-case paradigm. During the typological shift the former active case developed into the genitive, while the inactive case became the accusative. The nominative case developed from the genitive later, and the Indo-European and particularly Old German words with the meaning “tooth” have preserved some archaic features of the time when the nominative case did not perform the function of the subject. | 1975 | |||||
| 3500 | Hydrosphere is the most ancient part of biosphere the further development of which is directed to the settling of aerial surroundings and lithosphere cover by organisms. This main track was assumed as a basis of partition of development history into three periods such as hydrozemic, atmozemic and lithozemic ones. Each period is accompanied by respective trend of soil formation, for example hydrozemic period corresponds with underwater soil formation and atmozemic and lithozemic ones to swamp and land respectively. Soil formation influenced on the development of biota by double means, in other words through the change of outer conditions which happened as a result of soil formation, and indirectly through the soil as a habitat Keywords: Biosphier, soil formation, marsh, evolution. | 1975 | |||||