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| 3901 | It is designed original methods of the study of surfaces bogs. The dynamics of surfaces is connected with spottiness of upper layer of mires. The fluctuation to surfaces depends on amount of water, growing мха and his motion. This fluctuation can be not simultaneous, with the other value of the amplitude in the other area of the mire Keywords: Oligotriphic marsh, aerobic layer, mechanical displacement, stereofotogrammetic method, moisture | 1814 | |||||
| 3902 | The article concerns the methodical analysis of the lingual material for active learning to form the skills of professional speaking special vocabulary and Latin word-building elements, one of the techniques of establishing the intersubjective connections while introducing the special vocabulary, namely the comparative analysis of the English and Latin lexical items. Keywords: professional vocabulary, lexical skills, intersubjective texts, professional speaking, intersubjective connections, comparative analysis, facilitation, introduction | 1814 | |||||
| 3903 | This article describes the formation of the Soviet out-of-school education system in Tomsk region. It contains historical material of occurrence and development of the out-of-school establishments. The author analyzes tasks, forms and structure of work of the out-of-school education’s establishments. The special attention is given to the interaction between the out-of-school education’s establishments and the authorities. Keywords: Tomsk region, out-of-school establishments, XX century, after-school education | 1814 | |||||
| 3904 | The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the terminological preferences of the historians of the last Enlightenment. The author pays primary attention to the peculiarity of the usage of the terms «system» and «spirit» by the Anglo-Scottish and Russian historians from D. Hume to N. M. Karamzin. Keywords: system, spirit, last Enlightenment, historiographical tradition | 1814 | |||||
| 3905 | The poetics of an image of the woman and functioning of it in narration is considered in the article. For understanding of the nature of the image in the article the wide cultural-historical context of the theme is given, the review of some key texts designing the image of the woman in a same key with V. Grossman is resulted. The chosen story is representative for early creativity of the writer; the analysis of a key image of the given product gives the fullest representation about author’s outlook of this period. Keywords: Vasily Grossman, the female commissioner, the house, a family, revolution | 1814 | |||||
| 3906 | One can see the disclosure of the role of game technologies in formation of pupils’ spiritual and moral culture in teaching and educational process of French. The author of the article suggests direct pupils’ game activity to their spiritual and moral development. Keywords: spiritual and moral education, game technologies, French | 1814 | |||||
| 3907 | The results of first graders spatial and verbal reasoning components research and the interconnection between this and the mastering of school skills among elementary school children are presented in the artcle. The most sensitive to different learning disabilities turned out to be spatial reasoning tests. The verbal tests can provide additional information for the further prognosis of reading skills difficulties. Keywords: spatial reasoning, verbal reasoning, writing skills, calculation skills, reading skills, learning disability, tests prognostic capability | 1814 | |||||
| 3908 | The method of substrate-induced respiration studied the dynamics of the rate of basal respiration, microbial biomass and metabolic quotient peat deposits oligotrophic bog (north-eastern part of the Vasyugan bog). It was determined that on average during the season microbial biomass values vary slightly with the depth and basal respiration of aerobic layers. Keywords: oligotrophic bog, microbial activity, substrate-induced respiration method, microbial biomass, basal respiration, metabolic quotient | 1814 | |||||
| 3909 | The complex of volunteers’ training for the Olympic and Paralympic Games in Sochi in Tomsk training center of Tomsk Polytechnic University the module of first aid is included. This is connected with the fact that when there is such a big event so there are a number of potential threats to health and life as athletes so spectators, service staff, volunteers and local residents. In Tomsk State Pedagogical University the training technique has been developed. This method includes theoretical knowledge and practical skills. As a result of volunteers’ training their knowledge and skills in first aid in emergencies were improved. Keywords: Olympic and Paralympic Games, volunteers, emergencies, first aid, method of training | 1814 | |||||
| 3910 | In the composition of communities of testate amoebae (Amoebozoa, Rhizaria) from the sediments of the shores of lakes and river Tom of Tomsk territory found 27 species and subspecies. Characteristic elements of the fauna are eurytopic species with wide geographical distribution: Arcella discoides difficilis Deflandre, Centropyxis discoides (Penard) Deflandre, Difflugia bidens Penard, Difflugia corona Wallich., Difflugia schurmanni van Oye. The diversity of species in each habitat ranges from 6 (Sennaya Kuria) to 13 (Boyarskoe Lake, the Tom River) species per sample. The density of organisms did not exceed 2,000 speciments/m 2. Changes in the diversity of the amoebae community in Sennaja Kuria are considered as a result of mechanical cleaning of the bed of the lake produced in 2012–2013. Keywords: testate amoebae; fauna of littoral sediments; urban lakes, Tom River | 1814 | |||||
| 3911 | Describes the methods of using student-oriented technology development of critical thinking through reading and writing as means of development of reflective activity of pupils’ health. Substantiates the importance and role of reflection in the personal development of pupils, confirmed by the federal state educational standard of the second generation. Based on the functions disclosed various types of reflection, coupled with the main stages of the learning process in the classroom. Proves the urgency of the technology as a reflective technology and proposes the technique of its formation in the elective course of preprofile learning “Ecology of Plants”. Establishes respectively technological stages of the basic techniques and methods of forming a reflective activity of pupils in the study of the elective course “Ecology of Plants”, respectively, with a specific function for each stage, reflective activities and techniques. Keywords: technology development of critical thinking through reading and writing, reflection, reflective activities, techniques and methods of technology, preprofile elective course “Ecology of Plants” | 1814 | |||||
| 3912 | Modern competence-based approach involves practical, professional orientation of mathematics education. In the acute shortage of teaching time it requires a special approach to the selection of the content of the discipline, methodology and technology of education. A methodical system of professionally-oriented tasks serves as a means of implementation of the relevant approach to teaching mathematics and the formation of readiness of future managers to professional activity. Discusses the purposes and principles of the system, the characteristics of the selected tasks. To illustrate the system was used a compliance matrix the elements of which are the task and the individual steps of their solution corresponding to the content of the sections of the discipline and form competencies. The article gives the examples of professionally-oriented tasks of the system, recommendations for their use in various forms of training. The introduction of methodical system of professionally-oriented tasks in the practice of teaching mathematics allows: to increase motivation of the discipline, and, consequently, to improve the quality of education; to implement general educational functions of education and development of students; to form a common cultural and professional competences of future specialists. Keywords: professional competence, teaching mathematics in higher professional institurion, specialized approach, professionally-oriented tasks | 1814 | |||||
| 3913 | The article analyzes the peculiarities of the development of the Ryazan region in the late XVIII – early XIX century, as reflected in art and documentary literature of this period. On the example of the memoir notes of S. P. Zhikhareva, Y. P. Polonsky, S. T. Slavutinsky and travel notes of V. A. Saltykov considers the image of the province, recreated in the text when describing the life and culture of the nobility of the province of Ryazan. Works of art and documentary literature contain interesting material and multilateral representatives of the Ryazan nobility, status of education and training, theatre arts in the provincial environment of the Enlightenment. Keywords: Ryazan region, art and non-fiction, memoir notes, travel notes, the age of Enlightenment, provincial culture, noble estate | 1814 | |||||
| 3914 | The paper presents the results of involvement of future mathematics and physics teachers in independent scientific research activity in conditions of realization of competence approach. In the case of such approach the competence is a general capability which is checked and created in activities. It is based on knowledge and allows the person to establish connection between the system of actions for successful problem solution. During the educational process, the formation of elements of competencies at implementation of curriculum is carried out by means of maintenance of the studied subject. The course of the differential equations has great opportunities for forming of professional competencies of future teachers of mathematics and physics, however the existing education guidance, according to the theory of differential equations, are obviously not oriented to form the competencies. Besides modern development of technology, chemistry, biology, ecology, geography, economics and other sciences is impossible without the use of differential equations. The solutions of Clairaut-type equations with a special right-hand part found in the paper are a new result in the theory of partial differential equations. In turn the organization of independent scientific research in the framework of the course of differential equations promotes the main goal of professional competencies of future mathematics and physics teachers, namely forming the professional competencies being ready to use theoretical and practical knowledge in science and education. Keywords: differential equations, professional competencies | 1814 | |||||
| 3915 | An issue of activity of Krasnoyarsk school of law during the Great Patriotic War is considered on the basis mainly of archive materials. The theme of legal education during the war period did not receive adequate coverage in the scientific literature. The works are basically of review nature and many aspects of the problem remain unexplored. It is shown that the war directly affected the school’s life. The school building was transferred to the military department for flats of military men and classes had to be given in the premises of the hostel. Military and military medical business played a large role in the learning process. As a result the majority of alumni after graduation from the school became prepared military specialists. At the beginning of the war the people’s commissariat of justice of the RSFSR assigned the task for the school to prepare as many graduated lawyers as possible. As a result if in 1942 19 people graduated from the school, then in 1943 – 54 people. Mass enrolment of cadets caused discipline problems. In 1942-43 academic year students missed 4339 hours, 2048 of them are for good reasons. There were 82 tardies for classes. 20 people were subjected to administrative penalties for absenteeism and tardiness. The fight against misconduct was conducted by party and Komsomol organizations of students. Graduates of the school worked both in the territory of the Krasnoyarsk region and beyond, for example in the Primorye Territory, Urals, Ukraine. In 1944 with the revival of legal education in liberated territories capital funds were transferred exactly there. As a result Krasnoyarsk school of law among others was closed. Keywords: Krasnoyarsk Region, the Great Patriotic War, Krasnoyarsk Law School, legal education in the USSR, judicial authorities | 1814 | |||||
| 3916 | The present stage of development of Russia is followed by essentially new processes in economic, political, social, spiritual and ideological spheres of public life. In modern sociocultural situation an important place is taken by valuable self-determination of the personality as selection, individual perception of value by the subject, personal preferences of ideals, norms, standards and other values, creation of their hierarchy according to subjective preferences, their inclusion in goals and motives of activity. The article reveales the concept «valuable self determination» as the ascension of the school students to the values of school geography in the course of interaction with the teacher directed to formation of the value-semantic sphere of the individual which results in a conscious goalsetting and comprehension of the importance of studying geography at school, as well as such concepts as «space of valuable self-determination», «space of school geography». The characteristics of school geography are considered: openness and wide geographical informational content; degree of structure and expediency; complex, integrative character; dynamism and procedurality; an orientation on valuable and orientation activity of subjects of teaching and educational process. The approximate level structure of valuable self-determination of the student in the course of studying of school geography depending on age features of school students is given, and the following levels are considered: the socially oriented valuable self-determination which is personal and transforming valuable selfdetermination, predictive valuable self-determination. Keywords: valuable self-determination, space of valuable self-determination, space of school geography, socially oriented valuable self-determination, personal and transforming valuable self-determination, predictive valuable self-determination | 1814 | |||||
| 3917 | 1814 | ||||||
| 3918 | The article deals with the problem of teaching foreign students of Russian scientific speech as the most important means of educational and professional communication in a Russian university. It points to the specifics of the training of foreign students of Russian scientific speech at the Pedagogical University. Attention is drawn to the problem of teaching Russian scientific speech of foreign students at the stage of pre-university training. The use of the adaptive potential of the method of teaching the scientific style of speech is suggested, the concept of «scientific speech of subject areas of pedagogy and subject methodology» is actualized. It is understood that the creation and use of an educational complex for teaching scientific speech in classes with foreign students of a pedagogical university helps to increase the effectiveness of the educational process. It is proposed to design a textbook on teaching of scientific speech for foreign students of a pedagogical university, the theoretical and practical educational material of which is set out in a modular format, supplemented with a set of workbooks. It is recommended to include the description of the lexical, morphological, syntactic, phonetic, structural and compositional features of modern Russian scientific speech in the educational material of the educational complex, adding practical tasks that fix the theoretical basis of the educational material and imply work in pairs and small groups. The recommended for design training complex for teaching of Russian scientific speech should contain guidance for teachers, basic guide to scientific speech, a set of workbooks, a collection of tests, dictionaries, reference materials, that must meet the current requirements of the educational literature. This training complex provides methodical and motivational support for the learning process and can contribute to improving the effectiveness of teaching. The article is of interest for teachers of Russian as a foreign language, working at preparatory departments of Russian universities, as well as for teachers of pedagogical universities working with foreign students. Keywords: scientific style of speech, Russian scientific speech, adaptive potential, method of teaching the scientific style of speech, educational complex | 1814 | |||||
| 3919 | The article examines the issue of reception and comprehension of Italian nature in the journey diaries and letters of S. P. Shevyrev, the author belonging to the group of the Lubomudry. Italy was an important part of Shevyrev’s life and creativity, therefore it became a particular imagological phenomenon in his texts. As a significant component of the image of Italy, nature expresses some features of the country in general and interacts with other aspects of its image: historical, aesthetical (for example, Italian literature and pictorial art), social ones. From the point of view of the Russian traveler, the national character of the Italians (their sincere belief in God, sense of beauty, carelessness) depends on the soft climate and picturesque landscapes. Texts created by Vergil, Petrarch, Tasso, Ariosto reflect Italian nature, and images of these authors are tied with it in Shevyrev’s creativity. Nature was highly important for the intensive development of Italy in the Roman Empire and the Renaissance epochs, which is obvious in Shevyrev’s diaries and letters. Besides, Italian nature (images of the Vesuvius, the island Ischia, the sea, etc.) is associated with ontological senses and remains the ideal of beauty and harmony. In Shevyrev’s diaries and letters, traditional romantic interpretation of Italy as of a cultural myth, an earthly paradise coexists with individual comprehension and philosophical accents. These features correspond to the specificity of the cultural dialogue between Russia and Italy in the creativity of the Lubomudry. Keywords: the Lubomudry, Russian romanticism, Italian text, landscape | 1814 | |||||
| 3920 | Introduction. The difference between higher education and school education, which consists in a different content and conditions of the organization of the educational process, in the emergence of new social relations, often becomes the reason that the first-year student is not ready for the new conditions of study at the university. Along with psychological and physiological adaptation, researchers single out the academic (educational) adaptation of students, which can cause poor academic performance in various university disciplines. At the same time, we note that the initial (basic) training of students is practically not taken into account at the beginning of their studies at the university: the university program is not designed for very weak students. As a result, first-year students “adapt” to the peculiarities of educational activities (to new content, methods and means), but students also influence the educational environment of the university: the teacher has to look for new methodological approaches and more advanced teaching methods. As a result, adaptive training has emerged in universities, which is designed to eliminate the main reason for the poor academic performance of students due to the low initial preparation of the applicant. Successful integration into the core curriculum and successful mastery of the curriculum of the university discipline in the future is the main criterion for the effectiveness of adaptive learning. The purpose of the article is to identify and describe the nature of the phenomenon of “adaptation learning”, to eliminate ambiguity of this term, and to present its proper scientifically grounded definition. The materials and methods of the study are the method of content analysis of definitions, analysis and comparison, classification, formal-logical method of concept definition. Results and discussion. A brief description of the development of the didactic approach to the concept of “adaptation” is presented. An analysis of the definitions of adaptation education available in the literature (adaptation training, adaptation workshop, adaptation course, adaptation work) and concepts related, but not identical to it (corrective training, corrective course, alignment course) are made. The conducted content analysis revealed the diversity of researchers’ approaches to the issue and emphasizes the uncertainty and inconsistency. In this regard, the need for a definition that will adequately reflect the essential characteristics of the issue has been identified. The result of formal-logical definition: adaptation learning is the training of specialists having initially different level of competence formation (from zero to low), in order to achieve in a certain period of time the required basic level (minimum necessary) for further training. Thus, basically, it can be concluded that the study contributes to the development of the phenomenon. The identification of differentiating features made it possible to separate the concept of “adaptation learning” from similar concepts. The constructed definition can become the basis for determining the content and developing programs of adaptation courses in different disciplines studied in universities. Keywords: adaptation learning, adaptation to higher education, initial training of students, formal-logical method, training of highly qualified specialists | 1814 | |||||
| 3921 | Sannikova L.V. .. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. 1998. Issue 3 (6). P. 41-43 . | 1813 | |||||
| 3922 | In the article questions of improvement of quality of school and high school training in physics are considered. The analysis of pedagogical experiments at school and high school has shown, that the method of projects positively influences quality of training to physics of students and schoolboys. In experimental groups positive tendencies on quality of progress that is connected, on the one hand, to development of creative abilities in schoolboys and students, and, on the other hand, with the big time spent by them on studying of physics at performance of projects at the expense of hours, selected on independent job are marked | 1813 | |||||
| 3923 | In the article the analysis of the modern theory of knowledge is realized, it’s developmental trends indicated as “epistemic revolution” which directed to change the classical, science oriented theory of knowledge into socially-human synthetic view of gnoseological problems are lighted. The trends of historization, sociologization and axiologization of gnoseology marked as the main one’s in forming of the modern non-classical theory of knowledge and considered as the common strategy showed as the most shaped one in the intersubjects research “case-study” strategy. In the article it is showed that different versions of the interpretative paradigm, which develops in the frame of constructionist’s epistemic program, are considered as “theoretical background” of the researches made by means of the “case-study” method. | 1813 | |||||
| 3924 | The paper presents the method of problem-active approach to teaching physics in school, which is performed on the basis of system of tasks. The method gives the possibility to make the teaching more active, to develop students, to give deep and lasting knowledge on the subject. The method is based on introducing into teaching special types of tasks: a task – trajectory, a task – dotted line, a task – vector, the performance of which helps to involve students in independent search for new information, skills and competences. Students’ activity gradually becomes more and more independent. The paper is meant for physics teachers, would-be teachers. | 1813 | |||||
| 3925 | The article regards approaches to the interpretation of the semantics of denominal adjectives. One of the issues is to draw a demarcation line between the relational and qualitative adjectives that are the results of different types of derivation – syntactic and lexical. Another issue is to describe all possible types of denominal adjective contextual meanings and to regard the factors that determine their realization – formal-semantic and cognitive. | 1813 | |||||
| 3926 | Along with the habitual factors influencing pedagogical process, forming a pedagogical situation lately is becoming of more importance. There are such factors as personal factors, a factor of increase of speed of the processes, and a factor of visual representation of training. Each of the above designated factors makes essential changes to the content of education. Keywords: individual characteristics, personal factors, increase the speed of processes, virtualization training, predictive thinking. | 1813 | |||||
| 3927 | The article deals with the professional problem of formation competence pedagogical university students in extracurricular activities, variants of the complex organization of extracurricular work for the formation of future teachers ready for professional work at schools of different levels and profiles as well as children of different social status and education. Keywords: student extracurricular activity, field work, competence, olympiad movement, volunteer, professional future teachers training | 1813 | |||||
| 3928 | The author of the article tries to determine the place of the so-called verbal synlexes (morphologically composite, stable nominative units of language; functional-semantic analogues of the separate verbs) in the nominative structure of the Russian language. There are four types of correlations between the verbal synlexes and the verbs. The author is especially interested in the case when the verbal synlexes correlate with the verbs that have the same root and enumerates the ways permitting to avoid doubling of the synlex and the verb. Keywords: the verbs, the verbal synlexes, nominative structure, attribute of substantive element, stylistic marking, semantics | 1813 | |||||
| 3929 | In this article the urgency of the problem related to the study of subjective wellbeing of collectors in the professional sphere is proved. The main results of ascertaining research are presented here. During this research the real conditions of collectors’ work, their subjective perception of these conditions, and also the satisfaction with the professional activity were studied. It was revealed that the better labour conditions were, more often the collectors were not satisfied with them, and their experience of subjective wellbeing in the professional sphere was less expressed. Keywords: satisfaction with the work, subjective wellbeing of collectors in professional sphere, the features of perception of labour conditions by collectors | 1813 | |||||
| 3930 | The article presents the model of formation of informational competence of the senior educator of preschool educational establishment It describes the principles of organization of the process of formation and conditions of their implementation. The blocks which were allocated in the studied process are characterized. The article presents the criteria for determining the level of development of information competence, which are described on the basis of three levels. Keywords: senior educator, informational competence; informational competencies; formation; the model of formation; formation conditions; levels of formation of information competence | 1813 | |||||
| 3931 | The article deals with the problem of socialization and creative self-development of students in the conditions of children’s associations and movements. Attention is drawn to the fact that children’s associations and movements are an important factor of personality, on the one hand, creating the conditions to meet the needs, interests, goals, children of different ages and formation of new aspirations; On the other hand, determining the selection of the internal capacity of the individual and collective self-restraint by the choice of adjusting to social norms, values, and social programs. The factors, conditions and methods of educational activities that promote self-knowledge and create conditions for free creative self-development and socialization of students in children’s associations and movements. Children’s organizations and movements in Russia are becoming a significant factor in the positive education of the younger generation, education for democratic culture, complementing a focused educational process of the school. Keywords: children’s pool, children’s movement, students self-development, socialization, humanization of education, educational space | 1813 | |||||
| 3932 | Introduction. The basis of the article is determination of the specific features of the plots of animal tales in AzeIntroduction. The basis of the article is determination of the specific features of the plots of animal tales in Azerbaijani folklore and their comparative research. Material and methods. The material of the research are the samples written by the research workers of the Folklore Chair of Baku State University and Institute of Folklore of National Academy of Sciences. Their variants in the Russian oral literature are also the basis of the research. The main purpose of the article is to determine the differences between the group of animal tales and other groups, to reveal the typological peculiarities on the basis of the comparison of the similar plots with their analogues in the other peoples’ tales. Results and discussion. The article states that one of the peculiarities that distinguishes animal tales from other groups of tales are animal characters that act as the object and subject of the plot. Animals’ conversation isn’t considered to be a sign of a miracle in such samples. In contrast, animals’ speech is considered to be common. This is considered to be ancient people’s primitive notions that didn’t separate themselves from nature. It is also emphasized in the article that characters’ activity is expressed in dialogues. A character isn’t a principle in such tales, activity is. The article enumerates fundamental distinctions traced between European and Azerbaijani animal tales. The relation of these tales to mythic thinking, totemism and ancient people’s occupation of hunting is revealed from the etymological standpoint. The article contains the comparison of the different peoples’ tales with the same plots; stereotyping of the characters’ behaviour in the same situation is considered to be a phenomenon that takes place regardless of the nationality and is caused by the persons’ physiological identity and psychological factors. Conclusion. The specific additions to the famous Azerbaijani people’s plots are determined on the basis of the comparative research of the concrete tales in the article; their connection with the world outlook, mentality, folklore traditions is proved. It is ascertained that the main peculiarity of the animal tales is the characters’ action expressed by dialogues not by narrative. It is revealed that nomination of the characters gains functionality in the text. Keywords: animal characters, plot, totem, tale, fable, natural character, social relations, animal epos | 1813 | |||||
| 3933 | Introduction. Currently, educational institutions have experience in organizing children’s design and research activities. The interest of schools convincingly shows the demand for these activities. Long-term observations and experience of cooperation with educational institutions of the city of Tomsk and the region made it possible to identify urgent problems in this direction. Purpose of the research: analysis of problems in the design and research activities of children and the search for approaches to their solution. Material and methods. The study used reports from teachers from 23 schools (Tomsk and the Tomsk region). They were presented at the regional scientific-practical conference «Organization of research and project activities of students in educational institutions» (Tomsk, December 17, 2020, Tomsk State Pedagogical University). We conducted a survey (63 teachers). Results and discussion. Based on the analysis, we identified problems: teachers do not distinguish between the concepts of «project activity» and «research activity»; there are no uniform criteria for project activities and research activities of students; there are no successive ties in the organization of project and research activities at different levels of education. Conclusion. The solution to these problems can be: 1. Creation of a project group for proactive teachers. They can develop uniform criteria for the design and research activities of children for the city and region. 2. It is necessary to update the content of training students at Tomsk State Pedagogical University. There should be a course for teaching students to work with projects and research on children. Keywords: project and research activities of students, organization of project and research activities of children at school, criteria for project and research activities of children, continuity | 1813 | |||||
| 3934 | The paper reviews contemporary issues of modern education in the context of historical experience, which represents salient information for both understanding the historical problems and generating their innovative solutions. | 1812 | |||||
| 3935 | The paper analyzes the activities of the First (1821 - 1838) and the Second (1852 - 1864) Siberian Committees aimed at establishment of rational education management system in Western Siberia. Interaction between the central and the regional authorities is discussed, debatable points are revealed and the results of changes in education management system are summarized Keywords: Siberian Committees, reform, education, Western Siberia | 1812 | |||||
| 3936 | In this article is analysed one of the first German translations of the drama by A. P. Chekhov «Three sisters» that was done in 1902 by Heinrich Styumcke. This translation is considered with the point of view of the realization of stage and reflection of national-cultural realities. Keywords: drama, A. P. Chekhov, translation, interpretation, Germany | 1812 | |||||
| 3937 | This article is devoted to the analysis of pedagogical reasons of the modern cultural and civilization crisis, which reveals a loss of immanent values of life. It is proved that modern pedagogy tends to entire perception of person and includes confessional systems, including orthodox. Orthodox system tends to self-perfection, self-organization, selfdetermination of personality. As an example in the article the experience of the centre working with drug addicts and their families is shown. Keywords: spiritual, cultural and historical situation, orthodox pedagogy, humanism, rehabilitation of drug addicts, program of spiritual and moral upbringing | 1812 | |||||
| 3938 | The article is devoted to methodological the analysis of philosophical statement of the problem of integration of scientific and religious cognitions in psychology presented in the work by S. Frank “Man’s Soul”. The critical investigation of the solution received as a result of phenomenological study of the problem shows its incompleteness and limitedness, mostly in the ontological aspect, and the necessity of development of the cognitive aspect of holistic knowledge in psychology based on the principles of the onto-anthropological approach. Keywords: the problem of integration in psychology, philosophical psychology, holistic knowledge, ontognosiological approach, intuitive comprehension, onto-anthropological | 1812 | |||||
| 3939 | In the paper associative algebras and Jacobi identities, which appear after introduction of commutator and write down in the form of double commutators for arbitrary three elements of a given algebra, are considered. We show that in any associative algebra there exist identities, which are written in the form of single commutators for any three elements. From these identities one can derive the Jacobi identities but not the contrary. It allows us to speak of fundamental (basic) identities existing for any associative algebra. Keywords: associative algebras, commutator, Jacobi identities, generalized Jacobi identities | 1812 | |||||
| 3940 | The main kind of activity deals with the prevention of professional burning out of the teachers who work in orphanage are presented in the article. They are the ability to project own further pedagogical development; using of ways of personal self-expression and self-development and means of opposition of professional deformation of the personality; the increase of professional competence. Keywords: professional competence, personal self-development, professional burning out, prevention | 1812 | |||||
| 3941 | The axiological aspects of professional pedagogical education in the Republic of Korea, including the value-goals, value-tools, value-knowledge, value-attitudes and value-quality are considered in the article. The picture of South Korean society ethnos values is presented. Based on the analysis of various documents and materials on education of the Republic of Korea, the author shows the relationship between traditional and new values in pedagogical education. Keywords: professional pedagogical training of teachers, the Republic of Korea, ethnos values, traditional values, new values | 1812 | |||||
| 3942 | In the present article nature of perception of Russian phraseological units foreign in a literal translation into Chinese is investigated by means of the psycholinguistic experiment. The results of the experiment carried out by the author allowed to reveal the whole complex of structural and semantic signs of phraseological units influencing perception and identification of the meaning of phraseological unit. Keywords: phraseological unit, psycholinguistic experiment, perception, internal form, intralinguistic and interlingual figurativeness, national-cultural specificity | 1812 | |||||
| 3943 | The goal of this article is to reveal language formulas in the Khanty folklore on the basis of text analysis, to investigate the theory of formulas’ classification and to apply it to the described Khanty language formulas. The formulas may be considered a speech unit which is repeated in the same text or several different texts. In comparison with the fabulous formulas, the language formulas don’t depend on the folklore genre and can be found in different folklore texts. The investigation of these formulas allows obtaining the view of the language picture of the world and the archaic features of the Khanty mythology and religion preserved to the present. Keywords: Khanty, folklore, fairytale, language formulas | 1812 | |||||
| 3944 | The article deals with the conditionality of style and genre of a dramatic work, depending on the audience. V. Sollogub is an author of the two plays on Caucasian topic. One of them – “Night at dukhan” (“dukhan” – Caucasian avern) is adressed to the Russian public and represents a kind of the comic sketch close to a vaudeville. The other – “The Night before Wedding or Georgia in Thousand Years” is adressed to the Tiflis's audience and is written in genre of comedy-utopia. The playwright came to utopia in connection with his views on the future development of Caucasus. He saw the mission of Russian Empire in cultural conquering of the region and in interpenetration of Russian and Caucasian cultures. This was something like ongoing of peacemaking attitude of the Caucasian governor M.S.Vorontsov who practised a very wide politicy of enlightment. The plotline of the play is based on events contemporary for the author, and the illusion emerges due to plexus of the recognizable and straightly visionary episodes. The comic story does not prevent the playwright from giving deep characteristics of the present and the future. Sollogub touches upon a subject of the Western civilization, the Age of Enlightenment, the problem of nationalities in future, the women status. The comedy is written in the refined language involving Russian-Georgian bilingualism. Keywords: V. Sollogub, utopia, illusion, Caucasus, comedy, multicultural, genre, style, audience, historical reality | 1812 | |||||
| 3945 | The paper considers specific features of image and status of English king Edward the Confessor’s wife Edith based on “Vita Ædwardi Regis” that was written in the middle 60-s of the XI c. on the orders of Edward’s widow. Edith’s status as the queen at her husband’s court as reflected in the “Vita…” well fitted in the overall trend of late Anglo-Saxon rulers’ wives strengthening influence on state affairs. However, the key factor in Edith’s “career” and in her image interpretation by the “Vita…” was her kinship with the powerful Godwin’s clan, the English king had to reckon with. By representing herself in the “Vita…” as the ideal wife, queen, sister and daughter of the powerful Godwin family members Edith attempted at strengthening her position at the royal court after the death of king Edward, her husband. Keywords: woman in the early Middle Ages, Anglo-Saxons, the queen’s status, Edith of Wessex, “The Life of king Edward” | 1812 | |||||
| 3946 | The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the high level of speech activity ensures the establishment of positive interpersonal relationships of preschoolers with peers and the child’s occupation of a certain status position in the children’s collective. The author raises the question of comparative characteristics of speech activity of preschool children with different sociometric statuses. The article describes the criteria, indicators and levels of speech activity of preschool children, which are used in the organization of observations of children of different sociometric statuses in free play and organized joint activities. In particular, such criteria of speech activity as initiative, type of speech communication, speech motivation, content and emotional expressiveness are highlighted. The results of the experiment, for example, revealed a high level of speech activity in children with the status of “stars”, the middle and low level of speech. The detailed description of levels and characteristics of speech activity of preschool children with different sociometric statuses is given. Statistics of comparison of criteria, levels of speech activity of children with different sociometric statuses and explanation of such differences are presented. Thus, the study revealed differences between children with the status of “stars” and “isolated” according to the criteria of speech initiative, motivation and types of speech communication. Keywords: speech, activity, speech activity, socialization, interpersonal relations, sociometric status, preschool children, influence, group of peers | 1812 | |||||
| 3947 | Introduction. Meta-language narratives are the most indicative material to study how the dialect speakers perceive their own speech and the speech of others, as well as peculiarities of their linguistic reflection. The study of this phenomenon revealed the set of peculiarities of dialect speakers’ language consciousness. But dynamic aspects of dialect speakers’ language consciousness haven’t been examined until present. The purpose of the article is to reveal the types (degrees) of meta-language reflection and to determine the factors of its heterogeneity in the speech of dialect speakers. Material and methods. The material for analysis includes contexts with meta-language topics; the subject of the research is the character of meta-language topic development in the speech of a dialect speaker, as well as his ability for metalanguage reflection; the main research method is probabilistic object modeling. Results and discussion. Records of dialect speech represent different degrees of awareness of dialect speakers of their speech – from almost complete inability to concentrate their attention on a word itself, in distraction from objects and situations denoted by this word, to the active meta-language reflection. The attention of dialect speakers is usually drawn to the language and speech in those communicative situations, when the communicants belong to different social groups and have visibly different language and/or culture codes. But there are also transitional, intermediate degrees of speech awareness. These are the cases of effortful, gradual transition from the situational reflection to the linguistic one, the cases of switching from meta-language topic to the reflection on the corresponding facts or things, as well as the cases of meta-language reflection in situations, untypical for literary language speakers. Conclusion. Unwritten traditional culture is characterized by the weak speech awareness, by the interfusion of the word itself and situations it represents. These features are consequences of such general distinguishing characteristics of traditional folk life culture bearers as the priority of trivial consciousness in contrast with rational (theoretical) consciousness, which is formed by specially organized cognitive activity. The strengthening of meta-language reflection is associated with the growth of literacy among the dialect speakers. Familiarization with written culture leads to greater speech awareness, to shifting the balance between trivial and rational consciousness. The scale of the degrees of speech awareness in dialect speech is the result and the evidence of changes in dialect communication. The specificity of socio-cultural situations in the dialects supports and promotes the tendency to the expansion of meta-language reflection. Keywords: dialect, language consciousness, meta-language introspection | 1812 | |||||
| 3948 | Introduction. The purpose of the article is to describe the model of the concept “Russian character”, presented in the mind of Chinese youth who speak Russian, by analyzing its lexical representatives identified by dint of a psycholinguistic experiment. Material and methods. The material of the study was the language reactions received during free associative experiment, which was held with 60 Chinese students. The analysis of the signs that form the structure of the concept “Russian character”, which exists in the consciousness of representatives of Chinese linguoculture, through its verbal objectivization, allows us to see the specifics of perception of representatives of Russian culture by representatives of Chinese, to evaluate the general direction of assessment of Russian by members of another ethnic group. Results and discussion. During the associative experiment representatives of Chinese culture were asked to answer the questions: “What kind of associations do you have when you hear the phrase “Russian character?”, “What kind is a Russian character?”. The analysis of the data obtained through this experiment allowed to pick out 22 character traits attributed by Chinese to Russian people. According to respondents, the key features of the Russian character are openness, cheerfulness, boldness, sincerity, etc. A smaller percentage of respondents (46.7 and 20, respectively) indicated that hardiness and responsibility are typical traits of a Russian person. 1.6 % of respondents think that straightforwardness, dexterity, enthusiasm are characteristics of Russians. Respondents also noted negative character traits of the Russian person. 26.6% of respondents call Russians selfish, 20 % – rude, 13.4 % – irresponsible, 6.7 % – lazy, greedy, etc. Thus, the model of the concept “Russian character”, existing in the consciousness of Chinese students who speak Russian, is a field structure (with nuclear and peripheral zones). The nuclear zone of the concept “Russian character” is formed by only positive qualities and character traits of Russian people, such as openness, patience, independence, etc., and the zones of the near and far periphery are presented as positive (friendliness, responsibility, activity), as well as negative qualities and character traits (selfishness, rudeness, pessimism). Conclusion. In general, the highlighted signs and their redistribution in the structure of the concept “Russian character” allow to conclude that the image of Russian people and their character in the consciousness of students from China are formed in a positive way. Keywords: concept, national character, stereotype, associative experiment | 1812 | |||||
| 3949 | Introduction. The article analyses English translations of Anton Chekhov’s The Steppe (1888), the first major work of the writer’s mature period. The central spatial landmark in the story is the steppe, whose image is of great importance for translation studies in terms of the dialectics between the national and the universal. Aim. The author aims at studying the multiple representations of the steppe in English translations in two interrelated aspects: as a nationally marked geographical space and as a “mood landscape.” Material and methods. Six English translations of The Steppe at the various stages of reception: by Adeline Kaye (1915), Constance Garnett (1919), Ronald Hingley (1980), Alex Miller (1989), Ronald Wilkes (2001), Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (2004). The author employs a comparative approach for analysing the recurring meaningful elements (motifs) embedded in the image of the steppe (“prostor”, “dal’”, “toska”, “odinochestvo”). Results and discussion. The main spatial feature of the steppe is its infinity expressed through the motifs of “prostor” and “dal’”, which are peculiar for the perception of the steppe by native Russian speakers. The motif of “prostor” is central for Chekov’s interpretation of the steppe. “Prostor” is something that deprives people of reference points and becomes disproportionate to human aspirations. This concept most clearly manifests an indissoluble connection of the steppe infinity with the national mentality. The analysis of its English translations shows two simultaneous tendencies: while in some cases the translators specify universal components of spatial semantics (“space”, “room”), in others they seek to convey the specific properties of the Russian “prostor” through such equivalents as “spaciousness”, “wide (vast) expanse”, and “vastness.” The Russian “dal’” is mainly translated into English as “distance”. However, there is an obvious difference between “distance” and the original “dal’”: the former is more about length and directed motion, while the latter correlates with the latitude of space. The most frequent translation equivalents of “dal’” are the lexemes with the semantics of boundary (“end”, “horizon”, “limits”). The image of the steppe in Chekhov’s story demonstrates a close connection of the landscape with the characters’ state of mind. The steppe acts as a projection of people’s inner world, with its infinite vastness and endless monotony evoking all-encompassing melancholy and loneliness. These feelings become the key motifs in the image of the steppe as a “mood landscape.” Nationally and culturally determined, the motif of “toska” does not have a universal translation, producing a broad range of equivalents that shape new semantic fields for English-speaking readership. The most foregrounded concepts of grief and suffering (“to grieve”/“grief”, “misery”/“miserable”/“miserably”, “anguish” etc.) are followed by those of longing for something (“longing”, “yearning”/“yearn”), i.e. the translations primarily promote universal emotional associations. In Hingley’s translation, however, the original motif acquires a unique rendition, since the translator explicitly links melancholy with death. Similar transformations can be found in translation of the motif of loneliness. The translators mainly choose equivalents to match the emotional colouring of the original (“lonely”/“loneliness”, “solitary”/“solitariness”, “solitude”). Conclusion. Chekhov’s image of the steppe demonstrates an inextricable link between the Russian national and the writer’s pictures of the world. Since the motifs constructing the image of the steppe are deeply embedded in the national culture, their translatability into other language mentalities is limited. Various equivalents are used to adapt the image of the steppe for other cultural contexts. As a rule, the translators foreground the universal component and reduce the national specificity, adding individual accents in their renditions. At the same time, due to such an obviously inevitable cultural adaptation, the “resonance” principle of constructing the text of the story, implemented by Chekhov through the system of repetitions, was not preserved in the considered translations. Keywords: Anton Chekhov, The Steppe, English-language reception, image of the steppe, comparative analysis, literary translation | 1812 | |||||
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