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1401 | In the article andragogical model in system of the advanced training of pedagogical and administrative executives of education which assumes an active position and high motivation trained is considered; cooperation of all participants of process of advanced training and application of effective technologies of training of adults. Keywords: model, modelling, andragogical model, improvement of professional skill | 1074 | |||||
1402 | The article reveals the concept «family way of life», the internal system of way of life of a family is presented. The review of the given concept interpretation is made by various authors. The author carries out a short excursus of specificity of family way of life in Russia from the 17th century to our time. Keywords: family way of life, life, components of family way of life. | 1074 | |||||
1403 | The article deals with the problem of the students’ preparation to independent physical training classes as the health strengthening condition and the adaptation at the higher educational establishment. The basis of the adaptation is the algorithm including theoretical and methodological preparation of the students. The algorithm also includes the students’ ability to self-supervise their psychic, functional and physical state. The pedagogical experiment proved the effectiveness of the students’ preparation algorithm to independent physical training classes and their positive influence on the health level and students’ adaptive abilities. Keywords: physical, physical exercises, motorial activity, health, adaptation, motivation sphere, independent classes. | 1074 | |||||
1404 | Application of bio information technology for human ecology give a possibility to value and and systematize issues of risk from environmental factors on their influence on human health. The use of biochemical ground in human health factors of risk assessment allow denoting criterion of important valuable tests of ecological risk to analysis state of man health and reveal in marker tests change of homeostasis of the human organism by influence from environmental negative factors. Form of information securing for study of the biochemical criterion in the homeostatic adaptation of the organism of man to regions conditions ecological setting and their valuation that way discover of totality deposits individual parameters in possible deviation of the metabolism process from norm. Keywords: human health, factors of risk, bio information technology, risks assessment from environmental chemicals | 1074 | |||||
1405 | The article is devoted to the study of quasi-equivalent vocabulary in the context of intercultural dialogue. The author of the paper bases the research on the newest publications on the theory of borrowings and inter-linguistic equivalence. The paper is focused on the dynamism of quasi-equivalent changes, which the author attributes to the global spread of the English language, as well as to the recent changes in the corresponding social-cultural paradigms. Keywords: quasi-equivalent (quasi-international) vocabulary, borrowings, international words, intercultural dialogue, interlinguistic equivalents, inter-linguistic homonyms (synonyms, paronyms), semantic changes, globalization | 1074 | |||||
1406 | The article deals with strategic guidelines of professional mobility formation of technical university students, due to ongoing changes in economy, development of new technologies, changes in the employment structure. Problems of professional mobility formation in the historical respect are regarded; promising targets for its development are identified. Keywords: professional mobility, humanization, personality, competence, continuing education, Bologna process | 1074 | |||||
1407 | The author suggests elaboration of the course for development of research skills among the pupils and recommendations for training physics teachers to organization of the elective course. Keywords: research skills, State standard, forming skills, teacher training | 1074 | |||||
1408 | The article reviews translation revision studies attempted both in Russia and abroad, in order to prove the necessity of establishing theoretical and methodological basis for this field of activity. The authors consider the notion of revision, define its status in translation teaching, analyse methods of revision and self-revision and prove it necessary to include revision as an independent activity into translators training program in higher educational establishments. Keywords: self-revision, revision, translation quality, translators training, translation | 1074 | |||||
1409 | The article is devoted to consideration of the questions connected with providing and formation of psychologically comfortable and safe educational environment. It is shown that one of the most actual problems of modern psychology is studying of the risk factors menacing to psychological safety of the educational environment, and also conditions promoting its security. The characteristic of pedagogical risk factors, negatively affecting development and health, and psychological safety of the trained is given. Results of empirical studying of indicators of psychological safety of the educational environment of high comprehensive schools are presented. Most of the examinees who took part in research was shown by the positive relation to the educational environment of the school, high level of satisfaction with characteristics of the educational environment and high level of security from psychological violence. Keywords: psychological safety, educational environment, pedagogical risk, psychological violence, crisis situations, conditions of psychological safety | 1074 | |||||
1410 | The article is focused on precedent phenomena as sign and verbally presented units that carry information about national features and create national culture code which can be understood only with the deep knowledge of traditional British culture. The article is based on the precedent phenomena in the headlines of news, editorials and analytical articles published in such quality press newspapers as The Telegraph and The Guardian. The main source-spheres of the precedent phenomena are singled out in the article because they serve as a nationally marked coordinate system which is reflected in the language of mass media discourse. The article concludes that the main source-spheres of precedent phenomena in the headlines are political, social and cultural spheres that give information about history and contemporary life of British nation. Keywords: national precedent phenomenon, national culture code, source-sphere, headline, media text | 1074 | |||||
1411 | The article touches upon the problem of verbal representation of “civilization/barbarism” dichotomy in political discourse. The research aims at exploring conceptual metaphors and metonymies verbalizing the concepts which model the development of civilizations of Great Britain and the USA during the period of the First and the Second world wars. The research is based on P. Buchanan’s “Churchill, Hitler, and the Unnecessary War”. The methods employed include component, definition and conceptual types of analysis, metaphor modelling and critical discourse analysis. Complex analysis consisting of metaphor modelling, conceptual, definition and component types of analysis presents the following results: metaphor models (Civilization as Personality, Civilization as Expansivity, Civilization as Self-control, Barbarism as Degradation) verbalize the concepts of “civilization” and “barbarism” in a certain cultural-historic context. The identification of concomitant metaphors and metonymies (Great Britain as Cow, Great Britain as Great Lady, Great Britain as Debtor, Great Britain as Slattern the USA as Sheriff, Dresden etc.) verifies the data obtained. Moreover, the investigation explores the role of metonymy Great Britain is the USA as motivator for dynamic processes in discourse. The method of critical discourse analysis which considers discourse as a phenomenon constituting social practice establishes connections between discursive practice and historic events. Keywords: conceptual metaphor, metonymy, political discourse | 1074 | |||||
1412 | The present article is dedicated to the description of different ways of realization of one of the key archetypes of the poet's creative work - «life - motion» - in the lexical structure of the poetic texts of I. Brodsky. On the basis of the communicative study of the lexical means some prominent peculiarities of the poet's ideostyle are found out. | 1073 | |||||
1413 | The engineering and ecological education is regarded from the point of view of philosophical systematization according to the five principal directions taking the peculiarities of the Siberian region into account. | 1073 | |||||
1414 | The approaches to designing content of ethno-cultural education are analyzed in the present paper The authors proceed from the assumption that as the substantial foundation for the ethno-cultural education serves the mankind culture in general The mankind culture is understood as a whole of typical activity methods, creativity experience, values and attitudes. | 1073 | |||||
1415 | The comparative, etymological, lexico-semantic and ethno-cultural analyses of the Old Slavic substantives united by the stem-building suffix -s- reveal the fact that this ancient consonantal suffix (like in Old English) served primarily as the marker of the animated class of nouns. | 1073 | |||||
1416 | The purpose of the paper is to compare and analyze the constructions with objective complement in Russian and Ket, considering the quantity of mental verbs in both languages as well as the means of object expressing in mono-and polypredicative constructions. The regular trends of object expressing in relation to the lexical meaning of the predicate are also identified and analyzed. | 1073 | |||||
1417 | This article is devoted to the study of the theme-rhema structures with the hypertheme in newspaper „announcements” in the German newspaper „Die Zeit“. The emphasis is given to the analysis of the specific features of the theme-rhema structures in the texts written by women- and men-authors. Along with those questions similarities and differences are considered in the newspaper announcements of different size and thematic. At the end of the article the author makes conclusions about special features of the newspaper announcements with the hypertheme in the theme-rhema structure with regard to the author’s gender characteristics. | 1073 | |||||
1418 | Development of psychological schools, directions, sciences in a number of regions of Russia is considered. The analysis of researches of the domestic authors who have devoted the works to studying of a phenomenon of school is made. As a result of the subsequent the content-analysis is allocated a number a determinant which define specificity of development of psychology | 1073 | |||||
1419 | The article considers the liturgical reforms of patriarch Nikon in connection with the idea of orthodox kingdom. Explores the understanding of the orthodox kingdom patriarch Nikon and the manifestation of this understanding in the “correction”, the liturgical texts on the example of the Trebnik. Keywords: orthodoxy, the liturgical reforms of patriarch Nikon, the liturgical texts, the Trebnik, orthodox kingdom | 1073 | |||||
1420 | The review addresses the question of long-term partner choice by a woman of childbearing age. Biological component of choice is considered on the one hand, and psychological and social on the other. Through theoretical analysis the criteria for selecting long-term partner are being described. It is also highlighted a number of factors (biological, social, psychological) on which selection criteria depend on. Thus, complexity and ambiguity of the choice of longterm partner in the modern world is designated, where social evolution proceeds faster than biological one and is able to exert considerable infl uence on human behavioural programs. Keywords: criteria for partner selection, biological evolution, social evolution, long-term partnership | 1073 | |||||
1421 | The means of expressing the sacral component of religious-art constituent of perception category in the English language are described. The contextual analysis shows the peculiarities of the structure of the given category and the specifi c features of its components. Keywords: category, concept, perception, sacral component, religious-art constituent, semantics, sacral space, church, the Church of the Ressurection | 1073 | |||||
1422 | The formation of the system of powerful territorial and industrial clusters, the so-called “poles of growth”, can result in global competitiveness of Russia and its regions. The article discusses the possibility of Krasnodar region to become one of these poles, based on its involvement in international economic relations. The analysis of foreign trade of the region is given in this article, as well as analysis of the volume of foreign investments into the economy of the region, considering factors of investment potential of the region. Keywords: pole of growth, international economic relations, international trade, investment potential, international investments | 1073 | |||||
1423 | This article investigates the nature, characteristics of corporate ownership and corporations as an economic entity, taking into account the achievements of the modern concept of economic sociodynamics, institutional theory, theory of property. The state is seen as a strategic coordinator of the activity of the market, key functions, which – maintain a positive structural and institutional economic reforms to achieve the objectives of society, increasing the public domain. Keywords: corporation, corporate ownership, the implementation of state-owned, public goods | 1073 | |||||
1424 | The article presents eight-year expererience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University for organizing children’s activities in the communities. It demostrates substantive and organizational-methodical implementation features of sports and recreational components of the discussed social and pedagogical practices. The data of empirical research, reflecting the effects of sports and recreational summer camps for children in residential areas. The prospects for research in the context of scientific and pedagogical knowledge related to sports and recreation aspects of summer recreation for children in the community. Keywords: physical recreation activities , organization of summer camps for children, children’s playground | 1073 | |||||
1425 | The author reveals holicistical and possibilitistical basis of apothatic epistemology in the Eastern Christian theology. (Areopagite, Christian anthropology, the Cappadocians, Gregory Palamas). Keywords: apothatics, potentiality, Eastern Christian theology, holism | 1073 | |||||
1426 | The vocative is considered as a very important element of epistolary discourse. This article is devoted to description of the vocatives in structural and semantic aspect in epistolary heritage feature of A. P. Chekhov. Letters of famous writers – an important source, which plays a big role for the study of personality and creativity of their authors, historical events, the characteristics of the era, as well as people who are close to them and familiar, with which they communicate. In this respect, a great interest is the epistolary heritage of the great Russian playwright Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. As the material for the analysis serve the letters written by the writer to the large audience for the period of 1890. In this correspondence the vocatives were analyzed, as the most interesting and revealing element of the original style of the great writer, and in particular important element of national and cultural heritage in general. The purpose of work is to examine the structure and the functions of vocatives used in Chekhov’s letters, to reveal their specific character in his correspondence. In the analysis of vocatives’ structure there have been allocated a group of extended and non-extended vocatives. The goup of words, which distribute the vocative is the adjectives. In this paper it has also been highlighted in the form of references in official business and personal correspondence of Chekhov. In the Chekhov’ correspondence the leading place is occupied by the personal writer’s letters. Summarizing the analysis, we can conclude that the vocatives in Chekhov’s letters generally perform two functions: the nominative and the characterization function, which shows the relationship between the author and the addressee. Keywords: letters of A.P Chekhov, correspondence, vocative patterns, vocative function, addressee | 1073 | |||||
1427 | The concept of “the social potential of the youth” is seen as a set of interrelated characteristics, reflecting its personal creative social resources that this social group and each individual strives to develop and realize in social practice to translate it in humanistic values and ideals. The social potential of the youth includes the willingness of young people to fulfill social roles and functions, the social and cultural experience of social groups and of each individual, his social competence, the need and readiness for self-realization in social practice, initiative, responsibility, citizenship, moral ideals and values, social subjectivity. Formation of social potential is a function of the institutions of training and education as social entities, as subjects of state-legal construction; it is based on socio-cultural traditions of education, taking into account the social and cultural environment as necessary ethical, moral and spiritual principles, on the involvement of children and young people into social practice; on social control as an integral socialization of the individual. Education is carried out in concrete historical conditions as a result of the existing social relations and ways of life of the society. The main criterion for its implementation and realization is the degree of correspondence of the qualities and properties of a person to life requirements. On the one hand the development of the potential of young people involves the creation of favorable conditions for the development of young people’s capabilities, improving the living conditions and the quality of the social environment, on the other hand – the increase of competitiveness of the potential of the youth throuth development of social sectors of economy. The tool that can solve the problem of the formation of the social potential of the youth is the social pedagogy. Keywords: social potential, the youth, training, upbringing, personal approach, kinds of activities | 1073 | |||||
1428 | The system of the account of budget movement means is submitted. The basic functions and tasks of exchequer, the basic stages of execution (performance) of the budget under the charges are determined: the drawing up and statement of a budget list; the statement and finishing of limits, notice on limits of the budget obligations up to the managers and addressees of budget means; ac¬ceptance of the liabilities, acknowledgement (confir¬mation) of execution (performance) of the liabilities and realization of payments. The problems arising at budget establishments du¬ring exchequer execution (performance) of the budget are revealed. | 1072 | |||||
1429 | The article describes bronze artifacts made in Siberian Scythian beast style. All pieces came from Tomsk Ob region and date back to V–III centuries B.C. These artifacts reflect similarity in outlook of the population Tomsk Ob region with the population of the Scythian world. | 1072 | |||||
1430 | The article is devoted to the problem of juridical and social-economic status of Siberian indigenous population. The «yasak» was the specific form of taxation of «Siberian foreigners» from the close of the XVIth century. The author comes to the conclusion that the idea of including «yasak’ people» in the staff of developing peasantry class, possessing government leaders’ minds in the first quarter of the XVIIIth century, hasn’t got the practical realization in Siberia. This task had been solved at the time of M.M. Speransky’s reform applying to the «osedlye inorodtzy» («settled Non-Russians») category. Nevertheless under influencing total factors of social and economic order until the beginning of the XXth century there was still the difference between juridical and factual status of those part of Siberian aborigines which were included in the state peasantry class. | 1072 | |||||
1431 | The paper is based on the materials of K. Donner – a famous Finnish linguist and ethnographer, who travelled in Siberia in 1911-1913 and in 1914 years. The religious ideas of Selkup people living along the Ket river and its tributaries in the beginning of the 20th century have been studied and the paper presents an adapted translation of the chapter «Die Religion der Ketsamojeden» (The Religion of the Ket Samoyeds) of K. Donner’s book «Bei den Samojeden in Sibirien». The paper describes the ceremony of the sacrifice, the notions of the Selkups about the lower world and spirits living in it, the human soul and life beyond the grave. A special attention is drawn to the personality of shaman, who was a spiritual leader and medicine man for Selkups, and the shaman ceremony | 1072 | |||||
1432 | There is a brief survey of professional education system in Germany, which foundation is the «dual» system. Following aspects of the professional education have been opened in the work: 1) importance of the professional education system for graduates, enterprises, economics and for the country as a whole; 2) essence of the «dual» system; 3) tendencies of the development | 1072 | |||||
1433 | The article considers the peculiarities of formation of the system of investments into environment protection and the solution of regional economic tasks in HMD. It also makes the analysis of economic stimulation of the optimal nature development via the system of positive and negative motivation methods | 1072 | |||||
1434 | In the article the author deals with ethnocultural competence of the teacher. The author demonstrates the dynamics of requirements changes, which depend on social and cultural situation during teachers’ training. Keywords: professional training, national school, social and cultural setting, competence | 1072 | |||||
1435 | The paper defends the thesis that modernization of teaching of philosophy foundations is one of priority branches of development of Russian education in the context of Bologna process. The course of philosophy could help to unite specialized secondary school and institution of higher education without any consequences for quality of education. Keywords: professional education, Bologna process, philosophy, modernization | 1072 | |||||
1436 | The article accounts for the choice of research subject with the reference to the works of Russian and foreign scientists and it highlights the results of the conducted research. It explains the process of disturbed social cognition in schizophrenia patients and shows how social cognition impairment can result in social functioning defi cits. Keywords: social cognition, impairment in social cognition, schizophrenia, positive and negative symptoms, social anhedonia, social functioning, reduction in social functioning | 1072 | |||||
1437 | The necessity of cognitive competence formation is substantiated and its characteristics are sorted out. The suitability of the choice of elementary mathematics for organizing students’ academic activity aiming at forming cognitive competence and selection of heuristic mathematical problems as the means of formation is presented. The mechanism of transforming mathematical information contained in the texts of these problems is suggested. This is formalization of statements with the help of the language of logic of utterance, logic of predicates and isomorphism of interpretations. The possibility of integration between the course of elementary mathematics and the course of mathematical logic is shown. Keywords: cognitive competence, heuristic problem, self-education activity, mathematical logic | 1072 | |||||
1438 | The article presents the analysis of the experience of professional self-identification of young people in Germany, its organizational and pedagogical forms. The criteria of prestige of working professions in Germany are allocated in it. Besides, the article deals with the practice of dual system of training students in the sphere of high-technological working professions. It is determined the key problems of social institutions in the organization of vocational guidance and training of qualified young professionals. Keywords: self-identification of young people, vocational guidance, vocational training, the dual system of training, social institutions of vocational guidance | 1072 | |||||
1439 | Introduction. The preliminary results of a sociolinguistic analysis of the language situation in the territory of Kolpashevo district of the Tomsk region are presented. This area is one of the places of compact residence of German immigrants who underwent forced displacement primarily in the XX century. The Tomsk region identifies subjectspecific areas that indicate the communicative power of the studied idiom. The purpose of the paper is to reveal the peculiarities of the sociolinguistic questionnaire of representatives of the German ethnic minority in Kolpashevo district of the Tomsk region. Material and research methods. The material of the study is the analysis of the language situation obtained as a result of a sociolinguistic survey of Russian Germans in Kolpashevo district of the Tomsk region conducted in 2017. The main methods of research are the descriptive method, the method of comparison, interpretation of the obtained data, the method of observation and construction of classifications. Results and discussion. Sociolinguistic survey showed that in places of compact residence of Russian Germans in Kolpashevo district there is a language situation characterized by the loss of the German language spheres of its use. Quantitative calculations show that only 9 % of respondents use German in everyday communication. The dominant role is played by the Russian language (99 %), which serves as the main means of communication among the considered informants. According to the results of the sociolinguistic survey, the question of giving a special status of the German language at the regional and Federal levels is of great importance. 18% of Kolpashevo Germans positively supported the implementation of this initiative at the national level due to the significant reduction of Germanspeaking descendants of German immigrants. Within certain subjects of Russia, in particular the Tomsk region, (27 %) of respondents positively reacted to the equal status of the German language with other languages spoken in the territory of the Siberian region. The survey also found that 81 % of the polled ethnic Germans of Kolpashevo district positively assess the activities of the Russian-German House in Tomsk in terms of providing elderly Russian Germans of the study area with various types of assistance. Interesting is the position of Kolpashevo Germans regarding the teaching of subjects in school for Russian Germans in German. 54 % of the surveyed informants in Kolpashevo district of Tomsk region were in favor of promoting such an initiative in order to achieve a high level of young Russian Germans’ proficiency in the German language. According to the results of the survey, 41 % of representatives of the German ethnic minority identified the German language used for reading the Bible. 27 % indicated Russian, explaining that the transition from German to Russian is due to the factor of forced displacement from the former republics and regions of the Soviet Union to Siberia and prolonged stay in foreign environment that influenced the nature of the use of the Russian language for religious purposes. The theoretical significance is determined by the fact that the obtained results contribute to the further development of the theory of involution of languages, the deepening of the apparatus of sociolinguistics, sociology of language and the provisions of German linguistics in the aspect of the study of small forms of the German-Dutch dialect continuum. The practical significance lies in the possible application of the results to analyze the language situation in other regions of the Russian Federation, where there are places of compact residence for representatives of the German ethnic group. Conclusion. The paper outlines the prospects for research of areas of Tomsk region which previously were not subjected to a sociolinguistic survey. Keywords: Russian Germans, Tomsk region, involution, status of the German language, survey data | 1072 | |||||
1440 | This paper is the continuation of the one, called «Russian Patronymics», published in this Journal earlier [1999, № 1 (10), p. 43-46]. The classification of lexical couples «genus-totem» is considered in it, that is very significant to understand bases of Russian ancestral anthroponymics. Some tens of Ants tribe of genera (one of 9 Great Rus' tribes), in which were established ornithological totems, have been considered. Objective characteristics, distinguished the Russian ancestral (generic) names from ungeneric, are enumerated here. On the example of the surname Ivanov it is seen, that this surname is characterized by all generic signs. The history of its arising is narrated in verbal stories. A number of old priest genera of Ants is named. | 1071 | |||||
1441 | The characteristic feature of the modern stages of peda¬gogical diagnostics is striving for making up the full concep¬tion of studying the formation of students outlook: from the definition of the content of understanding the phenomenon itself to the investigation of the conditions of its appearance and of the role of different factors in this process. To solve such an important problem as psychological diagnostics of the process of outlook formation we must not limit ourselves only to the improvement of already existing methods. The search of new approaches to the problem is urgent. The results received in the course of the diagnostic re¬search let affirm that the aims of natural scientific outlook will be able to be reached if the integrated course «Natural Science» is introduced into schools curriculum. In this case the integration of natural scientific knowledge goes not formally but following a strict logic on the basis of the study of fundamental regularities of nature. Knowing about an enormous experience of foreign. | 1071 | |||||
1442 | In work the opportunity of creation of the concentrator of x-ray radiation capable is shown to collect radiation from a source of the small size from a corporal corner close to 4 p and to concentrate it(him) in the field of smaller, than area of radiation. It is reached (achieved) by use of special geometry of surfaces, along which the x-ray quantums are distributed by repeated reflections, under small corners of sliding. | 1071 | |||||
1443 | In article are analysed reasons of the transpersonal psychology as the theory about unusual feelings, leaving for frames of the accustomed ordinary sensations. The attempt is undertaken to systematize the theoretical concepts and practical results of using modern psychotechnics within the united transpersonal approach. Appear the way of the further development of the psychological science on base integative project, uniting four main power of modern psychology: behaviorism, psychoanalysis, humanistic and transpersonal psychology | 1071 | |||||
1444 | Politics as a sphere of human activity is realized through political communication, which is characrerized by a special system of lexical means, namely political vocabulary. In this work we aim at undertaking semantic analysis of political lexis, classifying and describing its constituents | 1071 | |||||
1445 | In the article the imagery system of F.G. Lorca's poetry is viewed as a phenomenon of «neotraditionalism» - in terms of the interpretation of the ancient cultural tradition, in relation with which a number of semantic points in the Russian translations are specified. | 1071 | |||||
1446 | The article considers the communicative possibilities of advertising name, examines the way of verbal mimicry and reveals its regulative potential. | 1071 | |||||
1447 | The article under consideration presents experimental material giving reasons for the forming of personal characteristics of physical training teachers in the process of realization of multi functional professional students’ training for rehabilitating-prophylactic activity | 1071 | |||||
1448 | The paper presents brief results on the methane emission research for the wetlands of West Siberia. These results include the discovery of new acidophilic methanogenic and methanotrophic microorganisms. Some partial problems for further research are pointed out Keywords: Methanogenesis, West Siberia, methanogenic microorganisms, methanotrophic microorganisms, methane emission. | 1071 | |||||
1449 | In the article considered the main tendencies in the development of people’s education in Russia in the second half of XVIII c. Traced the contradicted character of state educational policy in the epoch of Catherine II. Analysed the attempt to create «new bread of people» through opening of locked all-layed educational schools. The important part belongs to various projects dedicated to reforming peopleеs education. Discovered the characteristic features of creation the allrussian state system of school education in 80 years XVIII c., that carried out evidently democratic character. Keywords: mass people’s school, development of education, educational project, all-layed principle in education, locked school, state gymnasium, elementary education of town children, peasant schools, general school, educational programm, elementary education | 1071 | |||||
1450 | The article presents actuality, scientific grounds, goals and objectives, principles and stages of individual educational trajectory building implementation in the course of foreign language teaching at a technical university. Keywords: learner-centered teaching, pedagogical projecting, activity approach, individual educational trajectory | 1071 |