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| 101 | The article considers the problem of social anxiety among young people (students) in educational institution by studying the psychological protection mechanisms, which take part in conservation of homeostasis. Pilot research was implemented in the paradigm: psychological protections - adaptation or obstacle to self realization. Keywords: social anxiety, social phobia, comorbid conditions, psychological protections, self realization | 2618 | |||||
| 102 | Introduction. The actual problem of realization of pedagogical potential of animation in education of preschool and primary school age children is investigated. The article presents the stages of development of children’s animation, domestic and foreign experience of using animation in educational practice with pre-school and primary schoolchildren, the problems of influence of animation on children, the prospects of development of pedagogical potential of animation in teaching children at the level of pre-school and primary general education. Material and methods. The materials for the research were domestic and foreign scientific sources, which contain information about the formation of animation as a kind of film art and as an educational technology, the results of the study of the problem of applying animation in educational, educational and correctional development work with children of preschool and primary school age. The following methods were used: retrospective, comparative analysis, content analysis, analysis and generalization of pedagogical experience, and classification. Purpose: to conduct a theoretical study of the implementation of the pedagogical potential of animation in the education of children of preschool and primary school age. Results and discussion. The application of animation in education is connected with the evolution of its figurative means (movement, time, space, color, graphics, etc.), in accordance with this, two main stages can be distinguished: the first – classical (pre-computer) and the second – modern (using computer technologies). The first stage is the formation of animation as a kind of film art, in educational practice used cartoons created on the basis of folk and author’s tales, fables, children’s literary works, as well as cartoons with a pronounced cognitive and didactic content. The second stage in the development of children’s animation involves the use of computer technology. The pedagogical potential of computer animation lies in the visualization and impact of expressive means of animation on the perception of educational material and interactivity. The main directions of animation application in education were formed: education, training, creative activity, correction, rehabilitation. Nowadays, educational animation represents a generalizing name of a group of technologies united by the use of animation as an educational tool and contributing to the achievement of educational results (personal, metaproject, subject). At the same time, there are problems with the impact of modern animated products on children. Cartoons with negative content (scenes of murder, violence, etc.) lead to changes in the behavior of the child, there is aggression, rudeness, cruelty, selfishness. The priority task is to develop educational content using the modern potential of animation for learning, developing communication, socialization, media and media culture skills in children and adolescents. Conclusion. The prospects for developing the pedagogical potential of children’s animation are to create a holistic integrated system of developing education at the level of preschool and primary general education using animation as an educational tool. Keywords: animation, pre-school and primary school age children, pedagogical capacity, computer technology | 2618 | |||||
| 103 | The article is devoted to the use of case-study method in the process of foreign language teaching, which aims to form students’ professional communicative competence. The paper contains the opportunities of the given educational technology, goals of cases, stages of work, as well as practical recommendations for students. Keywords: case, case-study, technology, communicative competence, foreign language teaching | 2611 | |||||
| 104 | Introduction. In this article we study the secondary nominations of football teams and players in English and Russian, which are created by contextual synonyms (CS) and follow specific semantic schemes identified by us in the result of the research on football texts. The purpose of this research is to study semantic nomination schemes in English and Russian in order to establish similarities and differences in the processes of nomination and reference in the researched languages. Material and methods. The object of this study is football discourse. We looked at football coverages, articles, reports, interviews and live-text commentaries. We did not distinguish between different genres of football texts since our main focus and research subject was contextual synonymy that creates plurality of nominations. The main research methods are contextual-semantic analysis of nominations, discourse analysis, descriptive, comparative and contrastive methods. Results and discussion. We identified the schemes of secondary nomination of football teams and players that reoccur in football discourse “travelling” from one text to another. This can be indicative of relative versatility of these schemes for multiple football discourse texts. We compared the English semantic schemes with the Russian ones, identified by us in our previous research. We discovered 14 equivalent schemes common for both languages. In addition, we looked at schemes that differ in certain ways in the researched languages, or are missing at all in one of them. Conclusion. In both English and Russian, there are multiple contextually synonymous nominations of football teams and players, which follow similar semantic schemes. However, each of the languages under study shows its specific nature when it comes to forming some nominations due to structural and systemic differences of the languages. The knowledge of these schemes, especially their differences proves useful in teaching and practice of translation and interpretation, and also in journalists’ and commentators’ praxis. Keywords: contextual synonymy, contextual synonyms, nomination, semantic nomination schemes, contextualsemantic analysis of nominations | 2611 | |||||
| 105 | The problem of the burnout syndrome`s formation is discussed. The authors used the test “The Systematic Index of Burnout” (based on “Maslach Burnout Inventory”) and received some data to give careful consideration to the problem of job burnout among psychiatrists and psychiatric nurses working in hospitals and outpatient settings. Keywords: burnout syndrome, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, reduced personal accomplishment, tedium | 2607 | |||||
| 106 | This article considers common approaches in the definition of aims and principles in the second foreign language teaching, typology and the system of exercises, their realization in modern school course-books as well. Keywords: exercises, the system of exercises, the second foreign language, a modern course-book, a course book for foreign language teaching. | 2593 | |||||
| 107 | The article is devoted to the problem of the project activity in elementary school. The author opens the characteristics of education position in joint activity as a leader, organizer, participant and the differences of this position in closed and open joint activity. Keywords: joint activity, project activity, education position, closed and open joint activity | 2590 | |||||
| 108 | The article gives the theoretical analysis on the problem of an adolescent's mental growth, formation of egocentrism, and methods of its correction. Much attention is also paid to the problem of school disadaptation in the system of education on the whole and in the process of an adolescent's personality formation in particular Keywords: egocentrism, school disadaptation, decentering, resocialization, correction, prevention, rehabilitation | 2587 | |||||
| 109 | The aim of this work was the study of the problems of synonymy in medical terminology. The article discusses the problem of the correct use of various synonyms of medical terms. Reveals the meaning of the term in modern linguistics. Discusses the basic methods of nomination that are typical for a common language. Analyzing medical terminology of the German language, and also referring to research data in the area of terminology, the author claims that the terms reflect a certain part of the lexical-semantic system of the language and possess features peculiar to each semantically meaningful element of the language. For terminology is characteristic of the main ways of nomination, typical of a common language (semantic, lexical, morphological, and borrowing from other languages). Terminology is inherent in such system-semantic relationships as polysemy, antonymy, homonymy, synonymy and metaphorization. Trends of opposition to the terminology commonly used in the dictionary, or ignoring the differences between them, show that the form and content are difficult to find a significant difference between the term and the word commonly used by the non-specific language. According to the author, modern German medical terminology has so many synonyms that requires constant and systematic ordering. The circle of synonymic analysis can include not only a simple and complicated structure of the terms, but also terminological phrases and their abbreviations. The author comes to the conclusion that knowledge of terms, their synonyms and relationships between them is critical to ensure effective communication. In turn, the selection and theoretical justification of the objective existence of synonymic relations in the German terminology and the need for their description relies primarily on the recognition of medical terminology as a part of a whole (common language). Keywords: synonymy, medical terminology, terminology, semantic relations | 2585 | |||||
| 110 | The article considers the symbolic nature of the Russian dance. Implicit information in the vocabulary and figures of Russian dance allows us to consider it as a complex symbolic system and a method of storing information in which encrypted peculiarities of everyday life of the Russian people, the methods of formation of aesthetic, moral and communication skills. Russian folk dance has a long history of development and even in pagan times, was an integral part of many ritual and ceremonial activities, which are reflected especially in labor, life and religious beliefs. With the help of dance people pass on their accumulated experience of life to future generations. Describes how the climatic features of the regions of Russia influenced the formation of the diversity of Russian dance. Semiotic analysis of the basic elements of Russian dance found in it an informative component, encoded in drawings and dance vocabulary. Therefore, further study and reconstruction of the samples of Russian folk dance, which can be called an encyclopedia of people’s lives and the means of education, is a need to review the basic elements of Russian dance from the perspective of semiotics. Reflected in the dance, the specifics of thinking and mentality of the Russian people, the relationship of drawing and dance composition with its arts and crafts, ornaments suit, festive and everyday rituals makes this trend in research not only interesting, but also relevant. Keywords: semiotic analysis of the dance, vocabulary of dance, Russian folk dance | 2585 | |||||
| 111 | In work the modern analisis of essence of concept «deviate behavior of teenagers» is carriet out, specific features of the deviating behavior are allocated, helping to distinguish him from other fhenomena, to define presence and development degree, the treatment of adjacent concepts and terms is considered. Keywords: deviate behavior, teenagers, pedagogigal problem, norms, difficult teenagers. | 2579 | |||||
| 112 | Introduction. From the functional-stylistic positions, the semantic structure of the scientific text is considered in the aspect of the expression of new knowledge in it. Results and discussion. Taking into account the extralinguistic conditionality of the diverse content of cognitive activity, a scientific text is defined as a system of subtexts. A subtext is a structural and semantic unit of a text that represents a certain aspect of an epistemic situation – ontological, methodological, axiological, communicative and pragmatic. The following types of subtexts are recorded in monographs and articles on various sciences: the new knowledge subtext, the old knowledge subtext, the methodological subtext, the evaluation subtext, the authorization subtext, the addressing subtext, and the peripheral subtext. The interaction of subtexts determines a special quality of the semantic structure of a scientific text – polytextuality. Polytextuality implies hierarchical relationships between subtexts. Two subtexts have the greatest communicative significance – the new knowledge subtext and the methodological subtext. It is these subtexts that represent the ontological content of the new knowledge, enclosed in the form of concepts, hypotheses, theorems, proofs, etc. Other subtexts form the epistemic context of the new knowledge. The subtext of new knowledge is the core of the semantic structure of a scientific text. The deployment of this subtext explicates the dynamics of scientific and cognitive activity of the author, represented by a sequence of stages of obtaining new knowledge. The cognitive stages include: problem situation, problem, idea or hypothesis, argument, conclusion. Due to the subtext of the new knowledge, the content of each of these stages receives a speech representation. In scientific communication has formed new knowledge stylistic standard, comprising the following composition units: problem or problem statement, characteristics of the studied object, a representation of the ideas or hypotheses, definition of concepts, reasoning or prove the hypothesis, explication of the results and conclusions. Variants of the deployment of the new knowledge subtext in academic texts on linguistics, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and philosophy are considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the compositional structure of the new knowledge subtext in the dissertation abstracts. The representation of new knowledge in this genre “mirrors” all stages of the author’s cognitive activity. Conclusion. Interpretation of the semantic structure of a scientific text as a polytextual structure with the dominant role of the subtext of new knowledge allows us to generalize the typical stylistic and speech organization of a scientific text. Keywords: scientific text, semantic structure of a scientific text, epistemic situation, subtexts of a scientific text, new knowledge subtext | 2577 | |||||
| 113 | In the system search of the best opportunities for the development of students pedagogical education defines constructs and techniques of optimal solution of the personality development problems. The paper clarifies the concept of macro-level, mezo-level and micro-level opportunities of pedagogical modeling as a method of pedagogical research and a product of evolution of pedagigical thought in the development of a student’s personality. Reflects the hierarchy of the defined and solved problems of scientific and pedagogical training of teachers, provides the statistics of the use of the method of pedagogical modeling in the resourses of the courses of modern pedagogy studying. Pedagogical modeling in this study is defined as a method of scientific and pedagogical research, means of creation of pedagogical innovations and pedagogical constructs, technologies and techniques, forms and other pedagogically conditioned structures, determination of functions and pedagogical conditions, trends and constraints, and other constituents of scientific research in modern pedagogy. One of the most important tasks of secondary and vocational schools is the problem of verification of education quality in the model of age congruity and personification. This problem implies emergence of adaptive knowledge and adaptive pedagogical software for the study of the courses of modern scientific and pedagogical knowledge. In the constructs of pedagogical modeling defines the optimal pedagogical conditions of quality of involvement of the future teacher in the process of scientific research and pedagogical use of modeling in solving the problems of development and cooperation. Presents the features of future teachers’ training in the use of the scientific and pedagogical research and work in the RISC (Russian Science Citation Index). The quality of such practice depends on the quality of involvement of the future teacher in the system of scientific research and the productive formation in the model of implementation of professional functions. Keywords: pedagogical modeling, scientific research in pedagogy, modeling of the conceptual apparatus of modern pedagogy, teaching methodology, technology of system-pedagogical modeling, self-dependent living activities culture of the individual | 2574 | |||||
| 114 | The syndrome of burnout is the process of gradual loss of emotional, cognitive and physical energy, appearing in the form of emotional and mental exhaustion, and decrease of work satisfaction. It is regarded as the result of working stress which has not been successfully overcome. In the article preventive, medicinal and rehabilitation measures are also discussed Keywords: the syndrome of burnout, professional activity, prevention of burnout, therapy of burnout | 2572 | |||||
| 115 | The article looks at the stylistic device of defeated expectancy in the internet meme as a popular internet communication phenomenon. The relevance of the topic is proved by the lack of research concerning this device in the field of internet communication. The aim of the article is to analyse and describe the stylistic device of defeated expectancy in internet memes. The stylistic device of defeated expectancy is often observed in internet memes which is justified by their genre features (appeal to the reader, humour, irony). This device is used as a specific communicative strategy aimed at involving the reader who is ready to encounter the stylistic device of defeated expectancy in internet memes. It performs the following functions: it serves as a tool for creating humour, intrigue, opposition and paradox in internet memes. This device may also perform some of the above mentioned functions simultaneously. In contrast to fiction this device is not motivated in internet memes by the author’s literary intentions but by his or her aspiration to attract the reader’s attention. The stylistic device of defeated expectancy can be defined as a discursive characteristic of internet memes and is motivated by the humorous, light-hearted genre of this internet phenomenon. Keywords: internet meme, defeated expectancy, precedent phenomenon, humorous effect, paradox | 2567 | |||||
| 116 | The article explores poetics and a range of problems considering Russian military fiction of the 1990-2000-s (O. Yermakov, Z. Prilyepin, A. Babchenko) in the context of antecedent military fiction, both recent (V. Astafiev, G. Vladimov, V. Makanin) and remote (the «lieutenant» prose of V. Nekrasov, G. Baklanov, Yury Bondarev). Keywords: Military fiction of the 1990-2000-s, documentary, naturalism, literary tradition | 2565 | |||||
| 117 | Abstract Introduction. The study is devoted to the historical and pedagogical analysis of the problem of gamification. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient level of substantiation of both the concept itself and its content, the features of the application of the leading ideas of this theory in education. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the features of the formation of the leading provisions of the theory of gamification in Russian pedagogical science (1992–2021). Material and methods. Methodological guidelines at various stages of the research were the main provisions of the dialectical approach, the systematic approach in historical and pedagogical research. The theoretical study was carried out on a set of publications of the scientific electronic library (www.elibrary.ru), published in 1992–2021. Research methods – theoretical: analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical literature on the problem under study; logical-historical and systemic Results and discussion. In the course of the research, we came to the conclusion that gamification is a modern pedagogical category “describing the use of approaches in teaching, characteristic of computer games”, whose use provides motivation for participants in the educational process in the ecosystem of an educational organization, contributes to their optimal interaction, personal and professional development by means of special game methods. The formation of the theory of gamification in education in Russia was carried out within a number of stages. At the first stage of the development of the theory of gamification “Formation of ideas about gamification in Russian pedagogical science” (2010–2015), first of all, the scattered data on the origin of the phenomenon itself were generalized and formalized, the theoretical prerequisites for its occurrence were described, attempts were made to substantiate the concept and features of the phenomenon gamification, presents some materials on the process of gamification and its specific application in various areas of human life, including education. At the second stage, “Formation of the leading areas of study of the phenomenon of gamification in Russia” (2016–2019), certain leading methodological and theoretical foundations were identified, the foundation was laid for substantiating the concepts of organizing the educational process using elements of gamification in higher education, the tasks of gamification for organizations were formulated general and additional education of children. The third stage “Formation and systematization of the leading ideas of the theory of gamification” (2020 to date) is characterized by the quantitative accumulation of scientific knowledge about the phenomenon, the formation of its elements at the theoretical and methodological level, and the creation of elements of a modern technological product. Conclusion. At present, a new stage is entering in the formation of this phenomenon, which allows at a qualitatively new level to substantiate the content of gamification as a modern educational technology, which makes it possible to organize a networked educational process in online and offline modes at a fundamentally new level. Keywords: gamification, digitalization of Russian education, features, stages of formation | 2563 | |||||
| 118 | A definition of pedagogical consciousness is given in this article. The meaning of external and internal conditions for forming pedagogical consciousness is revealed as well Keywords: consciousness, pedagogical consciousness, self-consciousness, responsibility, creative thinking, tolerance | 2559 | |||||
| 119 | The article is devoted to precedent statements and peculiarities of their semantics and functioning in glossy press. The author gives the following definition of precedent statements: units of language known to the most members of a definite lingvocultural community. The following source domains of precedent statements are analyzed: cinema, literature, folklore, art, music, phraseology, proverbs and set expressions. Popular women glossy magazines such as Elle, Cosmopolitan, Vogue and Glamour proved to be a valuable language material. Precedent statements can occur in different sections of magazines: fashion, beauty, design, relations between men and women, travelling, health. The thorough analysis shows that cinema and literature are the most important and frequent source domains for precedent phenomena. Precedent statements could be transformed, especially in the headlines of the articles. The author distinguishes the following types of transformation peculiar to precedent units in glossy press: modification and addition of the component. The phenomenon of precedent sign is analyzed. Due to huge expansion of the Internet different computer, mathematical, graphic and commercial signs can function in precedent texts. Readers know such signs and recognize them easily. The comparative study of English and Russian precedent phenomena gives reliable linguistic data. The author concludes that understanding of precedent statements is extremely important for deciphering of the information contained in journalistic texts. Keywords: precedence, precedent statement, precedent sign, semantics, text, meaning, glossy press, source domain | 2546 | |||||
| 120 | This article is devoted to the exposure of the nature of the phenomenon of intellectual activities. The author analyses various scientific positions of research workers, discovers the law-governed nature of the development of intellectual activities, regards the factors, influencing the strivings of the child after the cognitive activities Keywords: intellectual activities, cognitive needs, cognitive activity, cognitive interest | 2543 | |||||
| 121 | The article considers the issue of the usage of hydro-rehabilitation resources for the after-injury recovery of the sportsmen practicing in martial arts. In martial arts athletes experience great physical and mental stress, which leads to overstrain of various systems in the body and can cause injury. When sportsmen, excersising martial arts, receive injury they continue to train and participate in competitions, because of the fear of losing their sports form. Thus, the recovery time is prolonged, and the functional condition becomes worse, that forces the athlete to stop training for a long time and makes it impossible for him to continue his sports career. That’s why for the fast recovery of sportsmen practicing martial arts after injuries we developed a new method of the use of hydro-rehabilitation, which is developed by the author and includes the following components: 1) physical exercises in the water in different starting positions; dynamic stationary exercises and dynamic exercises in the water; exercises aimed at “stretching” back and abdominal muscles against the skirting of the swimming pool and in the process of swimming; dynamic exercises aimed at strengthening of the above mentioned muscles (front crawl, back crawl ways of swimming) using fins, aqua hand paddles, paddleboards, pull buoys for the focused work of certain muscles and thorough joints; 2) dosage of load; 3) the place which methods take in the training process of sportsmen; 4) education methods; 5) organization methods; 6) methods of control. The developed methodology has become the basis for the recovery of injured sportsmen. Keywords: hydro-rehabilitation, sportsmen, martial arts, sport injuries, means and methods of recovery | 2542 | |||||
| 122 | The article reviews sight translation studies attempted both in Russia and abroad, in order to prove the necessity of establishing theoretical and methodological basis of this field of translation. The authors prove it necessary to include sight translation as an independent activity into translators training program, as opposed to its current status of an auxiliary or preparatory exercise for others types of translation. Keywords: sight translation, type of translation, translation process, translation model, translators training | 2534 | |||||
| 123 | The article deals with the problem of precedence and its implication in a language system. The position of proper and common names is analyzed. Precedent names represent a group of names that are widely used by people as an ideal model or linguocultural image. The most frequent source domains of precedent names are: religion, mythology, politics, literature, art, cinema and folklore. The author makes comparison between precedent anthroponyms and toponyms in Russian and English languages. Numerous examples of set phrases and phraseological units, including components – precedent names are given. The peculiarities of precedent names formation as the result of appelativation are revealed. Knowledge of precedent names contributes to effective cross-cultural communication. Keywords: precedence, precedent name, anthroponym, toponym, onomastics, semantics, source domain, linguocultural image | 2527 | |||||
| 124 | In the article the author actualizes the necessity of formation of information culture of students of pedagogical university as the future specialist of modern school. Also various approaches to the definition of the concept “information culture of the person” from the position of philosophy, cultural science and pedagogy are considered. Keywords: information culture, the person, culture, formation | 2523 | |||||
| 125 | The history and current understanding of educational projecting, its nature, objectives, principles, functions, forms and levels are considered. The main theoretical problems and difficulties existing at the present stage of development of pedagogical projects are presented. The key future problems of classical design are shown. The current approaches to the development of the pedagogical project in modern science are presented. Analyzed and defined the nature, objectives, tasks, forms, methods and technologies of pedagogical design. The general description of the process of pedagogical designing of the educational content is given. The main characteristics of the levels of design of educational content are described. At the conceptual level orientation on professional and personal development needs of students, described in the author’s demand approach is provided. On the technology and process levels of the designing educational content, the technology and general development educational content algorithm are presented. Defined the aims, objectives and requirements to the content of training in the implementation of project technology of the educational content. In conclusion, the outcomes and the prospects for further research in the technology of pedagogical designing of the educational content are given. The technology helps to design educational content according to professional and personal demands of students and to develop educational demands through developing spiritual, moral, cognitive and information needs. Keywords: pedagogical design, educational content, needs and demands approach, educational content, project technology of the educational content | 2519 | |||||
| 126 | The article describes the main provisions of the structural and dynamic concept of deviance and the deviant behaviour, based on long-term theoretical and empirical research of the author. It presents the results of comparative study of the structure and dynamics of deviant behaviour on the example of its three actual forms: violent crime, drug addiction and alcohol abuse. Keywords: deviation, deviance, deviant behaviour, structural and dynamic concept of deviance and deviant behaviour, the general properties of deviance, the specific features of separate types of deviant behaviour, destructiveness, autodestruction | 2518 | |||||
| 127 | Introduction. The authors consider the theoretical foundations of word formation in the modern English language. The study of word-formation methods productivity has revealed the secondary importance of such new lexical units forming methods as alternation, doubling, onomatopoeia and rhyming repetition. Affixation, composition, conversion, reduction, as well as ablaut play the leading part. The affixes types and characteristic features, various parts of speech word-building potential are emphasized. The authors analyze formants derivational activity, thus outlining the most productive English suffixes and prefixes. They note the origin of productive and unproductive affixes in the modern English language. The features of word addition, its direct relationship with morphology and syntax, the role of word composition in the process of further word formation are considered. The authors point out the difference between phrases and substantiated units, especially the spelling and inflection of the latter. They investigate the causes and characteristic features of the abbreviation and conversion, as well as various kinds and types of abbreviations. The necessity of basic methods of word production teaching to schoolchildren has been identified and justified. Aims and objectives. The aim of the paper is to identify and substantiate schoolchildren need in being taught the grounds and actual derivation and word production methods and describe their practical application at ELT lessons. Material and methods. The research methodology includes: 1) the analysis of theorists’ work on word formation and methods of foreign languages teaching; 2) authors’ experimental exploration of the development of the various teaching methods of word formation and gaming technology use effectiveness in the middle and high school students’ educational process. The researchers substantiate the expediency of their use for the schoolchildren skills acquisition and automation for a successful final certification in the discipline “English language”; 3) planning a series of lessons aimed at preparing for the OSE and USE; 4) practical application of methods and ways of teaching word formation in foreign language in middle and high schools classes; 5) comparing the students performance in standard exam tasks accomplishing before and after conducting experimental activities. Results. The described methods practical application outlined their efficiency at the lessons: the pupils’ word formation skills improved by 20 %. The experiment results support the interdependence between the IT use in the classroom, the pupils age and the word formation models assimilation as well as the positive influence of new technology use in the classroom. Conclusion. The study leads to conclusions about the analytical nature of English word formation, identifying the most productive ways of new lexical units formation, the usefulness of systematic work with word derivation, the growth of students’ motivation; the appropriateness of using gaming, design, information and communication technologies in the classroom. Keywords: word formation, productivity, affixation, composition, conversion, abbreviation, verbalization, substantivization, reduction, grammaticalization, motivation, final certification | 2516 | |||||
| 128 | The modern approaches to scientific text study are based on the theoretical and methodological principles of functional stylistics, which are related to the need to study the text in its systemic speech organization, due to extralinguistic factors of scientific communication. New promising approaches to the development of the theory of the scientific text are: activity, transdisciplinary, idiostylistic, cognitive-discursive and discursive-stylistic, evidencing the expansion of the problems of modern functional stylistics. The activity approach corresponds with the structure of the cognitive process reflected in the text, in the unity of the three elements: subject, object and cognitive activity of the subject. The transdisciplinary approach is conditioned by the interaction of stylistics with a number of related sciences: psychology, epistemology, logic, etc. This interaction makes it possible to reveal the mechanisms of the generation of a scientific text and its perception by the addressee. The idiostylistic approach is aimed at studying the individual style of the scientist, determined by the peculiarities of his thinking. For the cognitive-discursive approach, it is characteristic to identify text structures that represent the picture of the scientist’s world. The discourse-stylistic approach is expedient to use on the basis of similarity of concepts «style» and «discourse». The approaches considered provide new complementary knowledge about the scientific text. Keywords: scientific text, stylistics of scientific speech, new approaches to scientific text study, activity approach, transdisciplinary approach, idiostylistic approach, cognitive-discursive approach, discourse-stylistic approach | 2506 | |||||
| 129 | Introduction. The analysis of metaphors in the lexical system of the original and translated texts is carried out. The aim of the work is analyze examples of equivalent translations of metaphorical images in “Kolyma Tales” into English. Material and methods. The material of the study was metaphors The Kolyma Tales by V. T. Shalamov. The article defines a semantic-pragmatic approach to the consideration of metaphors as relevant for research. Types of metaphors are considered taking into account extra-linguistic factors that influenced the work of the author. Results and discussion. The comparative aspect of considering metaphorical images allows to see the variable specificity of metaphorical units. The approaches to the research of metaphor as a phenomenon of the language system. Classifications of the types of translated text presented in Russian linguistics are considered. The experience of translating metaphorical images is generalized. Metaphors represent a metaphorical picture of the world, which in turn is included in the linguistic picture of the world (including the artistic). Researching the image contributes to a complete description of the writer’s idiostyle. Turning to original and translated literary texts helps to identify the actual meanings inherent in the author’s metaphorical images and to explore the possibilities of translated text in another language. The paper considers options for translating works of artistic text. Particular attention is paid to the types of translations of metaphorical images. The translated text of the Kolyma Stories includes a wide range of methods of equivalent translations (according to the classification of V. N. Komissarov). The examples of the most research translations of metaphors that preserve the author’s intention, the lexical semantics of the original text and as a result the meaningful types of images are considered, equivalent translations identified. At the same time, examples of inaccurate translations, which are characterized by the loss of figurative and emotional connotations, are studied, the types of linguistic restrictions and extralinguistic factors that influenced the accuracy of the translation are described. Conclusion. Most of the considered metaphorical images are translated accurately. Inaccurate and equivalent translations of metaphorical images in “Kolyma Tales” arise when John Glad does not consider the images in the prism of a special object of description and idiostyle of V. T. Shalamov due to differences in his own (as a person and as a representative of another culture) and the author’s pictures of the world. Keywords: metaphor, metaphorical images, literary translation, Kolyma Tales, prose by Shalamov | 2503 | |||||
| 130 | The author makes an attempt to make a share of contribution to the research of the pivotal component of the problem of civic population evacuation – the evacuation of population from Stalingrad and the accommodation of the evacuees at the Siberian land. The article shows the peculiarities and hardships of the situation of the city of Stalingrad, which became the centre of evacuation processes in the South of the country due to its geographical and economical situation, transport development. The paper gives the analysis of the reasons for the belatedness of the mass evacuation held in the city, evacuation of the highly qualified cadres and their families, the ways of solving complex problems of accommodation of the arrivals form Stalingrad in Siberia. The paper makes a special emphasis on the issue as the specialists from Stalingrad arrived in order to build the large plant Transmash, which was to produce diesel engines for tanks, the production of which had been terminated at the Stalingrad Tractor Plant. The papers shows the system of measures undertaken for solving this accommodation problem, highlights that it required the development of the special plan, creation of staging points, organizations of food, medical and social services, mobilization of transport organizations. In spite of many hardships the task of providing the arrived people and their families with living accommodations was solved. Keywords: The Great Patriotic War, Stalingrad, Barnaul, evacuation, Krasnyy oktyabr’ (Red October), Barrikady (Barricades), Traktornyy zavod (Tractor Plant), Transmash | 2501 | |||||
| 131 | Introduction. The preliminary results of a sociolinguistic analysis of the language situation in the territory of Kolpashevo district of the Tomsk region are presented. This area is one of the places of compact residence of German immigrants who underwent forced displacement primarily in the XX century. The Tomsk region identifies subjectspecific areas that indicate the communicative power of the studied idiom. The purpose of the paper is to reveal the peculiarities of the sociolinguistic questionnaire of representatives of the German ethnic minority in Kolpashevo district of the Tomsk region. Material and research methods. The material of the study is the analysis of the language situation obtained as a result of a sociolinguistic survey of Russian Germans in Kolpashevo district of the Tomsk region conducted in 2017. The main methods of research are the descriptive method, the method of comparison, interpretation of the obtained data, the method of observation and construction of classifications. Results and discussion. Sociolinguistic survey showed that in places of compact residence of Russian Germans in Kolpashevo district there is a language situation characterized by the loss of the German language spheres of its use. Quantitative calculations show that only 9 % of respondents use German in everyday communication. The dominant role is played by the Russian language (99 %), which serves as the main means of communication among the considered informants. According to the results of the sociolinguistic survey, the question of giving a special status of the German language at the regional and Federal levels is of great importance. 18% of Kolpashevo Germans positively supported the implementation of this initiative at the national level due to the significant reduction of Germanspeaking descendants of German immigrants. Within certain subjects of Russia, in particular the Tomsk region, (27 %) of respondents positively reacted to the equal status of the German language with other languages spoken in the territory of the Siberian region. The survey also found that 81 % of the polled ethnic Germans of Kolpashevo district positively assess the activities of the Russian-German House in Tomsk in terms of providing elderly Russian Germans of the study area with various types of assistance. Interesting is the position of Kolpashevo Germans regarding the teaching of subjects in school for Russian Germans in German. 54 % of the surveyed informants in Kolpashevo district of Tomsk region were in favor of promoting such an initiative in order to achieve a high level of young Russian Germans’ proficiency in the German language. According to the results of the survey, 41 % of representatives of the German ethnic minority identified the German language used for reading the Bible. 27 % indicated Russian, explaining that the transition from German to Russian is due to the factor of forced displacement from the former republics and regions of the Soviet Union to Siberia and prolonged stay in foreign environment that influenced the nature of the use of the Russian language for religious purposes. The theoretical significance is determined by the fact that the obtained results contribute to the further development of the theory of involution of languages, the deepening of the apparatus of sociolinguistics, sociology of language and the provisions of German linguistics in the aspect of the study of small forms of the German-Dutch dialect continuum. The practical significance lies in the possible application of the results to analyze the language situation in other regions of the Russian Federation, where there are places of compact residence for representatives of the German ethnic group. Conclusion. The paper outlines the prospects for research of areas of Tomsk region which previously were not subjected to a sociolinguistic survey. Keywords: Russian Germans, Tomsk region, involution, status of the German language, survey data | 2500 | |||||
| 132 | Introduction. The research explored representation of the concept freedom in the Code as a nuclear genre of legal document discourse. Aim and objectives of the article are to identify the specifics of implementation of the concept freedom, defined by modus-dictum organization of legal discourse and the specifics of the Code as its nuclear genre. Material and methods. The research material consists of the Codes of the Russian Federation, which are Family, Labour, Housing, Civil, and Criminal Codes. The selection of material is determined in accordance with the nuclear status of this genre in legal text. Being one of the main documents of legal discourse, the Code as well as the Constitution of the Russian Federation, reflects the foundations of Russian law. Freedom, as a key concept of Russian culture, is specifically represented in legal discourse. The methodology includes discourse and concept analysis: we observe discursive and genre features from the position of the Code in genre system of legal discourse. Freedom is analyzed through comparing this concept in the system of Russian linguistic world-image on the whole (based on material from studies already conducted) with legal discourse in particular. Results and discussion. We found that the concept freedom, in contrast to its common representation in Russian linguistic world-image, has a particular non-binary specificity and is transformed through the law. In everyday language, there is an opposition freedom (will)/unfreedom, and in the Code freedom is realized through a permissive (what can be done within the framework of the law), prohibitive modus (what is criminally punishable and prescribed through unfreedom, i.e. arrest), and a modus of obligation (what is required to be done by law). In addition, freedom in the Codes is influenced by their thematic sphere: there are freedom of family, labour, housing, and civil relationships. In opposition is what is prohibited to do and guarantees unfreedom (represented by the Criminal Code). Conclusion. Freedom in the legal document discourse is an officially recorded ability of a person to operate within the confines of the law. The Code as a nuclear genre of legal discourse transforms the concept through its modus-dictum modification. As a result, pivotal for the implementation of the concept freedom is the law, as well as the basic concepts of each selected Code – family, labour, housing, citizen, and punishment. Keywords: concept freedom, Russian linguistic world-image, legal document discourse, genre of the Code, dictum and modus of discourse | 2499 | |||||
| 133 | The article presents the analysis of the poetic texts’ titles by K. D. Balmont, V. Y. Bryusov and Z. N. Gippius, that were included into the collected poems, dated the beginning of the 20th century. Both general tendencies in entitling the lyrical poems by the poets-symbolists and idiostylistic peculiarities are revealed. Keywords: theory of regulativity, title as lexical regulative, types and forms of titles | 2498 | |||||
| 134 | The article presents a model of psychological adaptation/reverse adaptation, combining the already known subject in the theory, based on the structural level concept of functioning of the mind. There were determined basic characteristics for psychological adaptation to a high level. That allows exploring psychological adaptation to prenosological level of deviations from normal mental health. This model can be used in the monitoring of educational systems. Keywords: mental health, structural-level concept of the mind, adaptation (psychological, psychophysiological, social, mental), fatigue, maladjustment. | 2497 | |||||
| 135 | Methodical tasks are units of learning activity and essential means of professional teachers’ training. Determinations of methodical tasks’ content and approaches to their classifications are variable. Methodical tasks are divided according to knowledge and creation levels, incorrect operations of different individuals of learning process, functional units of activity, types of aids presentation etc. Methodical tasks are used at the stages of thinking, design and realization of instructional activity. Keywords: task, learning task, methodical task, professional training, means of teaching, content of teaching | 2496 | |||||
| 136 | The examination of different ideas and versions of salvation is found in a number of works by modern Russian writers, including Sorokin’s novel “Metel’” (Snowstorm) (2010). The central character doctor Garin realises his mission of the Savior. He is going in a place captured by epidemic of plague, which conditoins plot development. The allusion plan is important, since by building references to the Russian literature of the 19th and 20th centuries Sorokin rethinks the traditional for Russian culture questions: responsibility of intelligentsia to the people, possibilities of correction of low human nature (by divine effect or by following to ethics rules or a call of duty). Author’s understanding of soteriologic problematics is developed through motive of salvation and motives of futility, destruction, illness, entropy that are antonymous to it. The article analyses the images of characters and features of creative space of the novel “Snowstorm”. It is specified, that images of Garin and Perkhushin are referenced to traditional types of the Russian literature: a barin and a muzhik, an intellectual and a representative of the people, the God’s fool (blissful) and impious. The space of the novel is organised by opposition: home – homelessness (snowstorm). The home associates with paradise, safe existence, heat, and the snowstorm does with cold, death, lack of roads, potentially disastrous chaos of the life. The motive of a snowstorm is sent to archetipical (biblical) motive «storm in wilderness» that assumes tempting, moral test of the hero. In Sorokin’s novel Garin, who thinks of himself as a Savior, does not pass the test: he defects, isn’t ethically suitable for the high mission, cannot defeat human sinful nature. He is not capable to carry out the mission of the Savior without the assistant (an ordinary muzhik, carter Perhusha); and in the end he is protected from death by the price of the life of other man. The author ironically denied secular and Christian versions of salvation: neither the hope to God (Perhusha), nor the belief in the science and capabilities of a human (Garin) do not help to execute the rescue mission: Perhusha perishes, Garin expects a difficult life after his feet are frostbitten and he is found by Chinese. Keywords: modern Russian literature, Vladimir Sorokin, motive of salvation | 2493 | |||||
| 137 | The article studies national peculiarity of the mental concept “um”, revealed by Alexander Griboyedov, determines its translation entails great difficulties due to extensive semantic potential of the Russian concept exceeding to that of its equivalents in English. Russian and British modern professional translators take various approaches to cope with the practically untranslatable Russian comedy. Keywords: A. Griboyedov, “Gore ot uma”, concept, “um”, translation | 2489 | |||||
| 138 | Teaching programming in secondary comprehensive school issues that cause the lowering of students’ knowledge level are considered. The authors suggest a method to raise the quality of learning the material. The method is based on the use of computer tutors in classroom instruction, namely web-visualizers (which are web applications demonstrating the way algorithms work). Thematic filling of the algorithmization and programming line is examined; a set of web- visualizers which meets the requirements of the basic level of secondary education is formed; a set of web visualizers for computer science as a profile course aimed at advanced study of the theory and practice of programming is proposed. Keywords: computer science, programming, computer tutor, web visualize, methods of teaching | 2487 | |||||
| 139 | In the article new experimental data are given the biological productivity of the plant communities in the forest-steppe of West Siberia. The stock of mortmass in eutrophic swamps change from 1500 until 2800g/m2, in ryams are about 4000 g/m2. The stock of living phytomass are minimum in ryam, they increase to 4000 - 6200 g/m2 in the eutrophic swamps. Net primary production in ryam of forest-steppe is about 600 -700 g/m2/yr and determined mainly by the plant community of ecosystem. Mosses and belowground fraction of plant are the major contribution to NPP. The maximum difference in the production is manifested between the different habitats. Keywords: вog, productivity, net primary production (NPP), phytomass, mortmass, forest-steppe | 2486 | |||||
| 140 | In this article we tried to analyze the use of allusions in terms of a literary text used to create a comic effect. Allusion is a meaningful stylistic device in semantics of which one can find a pattern of knowledge that is due to be activated during the process of communication and thus sending the reader to the source of the original reference. The English language has a lot of idiomatic expressions, proverbs, sayings and allusions that are often used in fine literature texts, media texts and also in daily communication of English speakers. Allusion is important for making the text deep and its interpretations numerical. As a stylistic device allusion can be used to make the text richer. This device also allows the author to render his intentions the way he wants to and in some sort of an encrypted form, shape. The ability to see and decode the hidden message in regard to some fact that is well-known for a reader gives him satisfaction and esthetic sense of admiration from a self-decoded mystery. The reader’s main objective is not to just guess the reference but also to decode the idea, the author’s intention that he expressed by means of allusion. In this article we view different types of allusions and we focus our research on biblical expressions. Depending on the text genre allusions can have numerous functions. For example, in the comic literary text an author can use biblical expressions not make his text more religious or devout but to lighten the mood and focus reader’s attention on his own view on religion. Thus a reader’s opinion can be well influenced by author’s way of using allusions. Keywords: stylistic device, subtext, reference, British humour, biblical expression, author’s intention, comic | 2486 | |||||
| 141 | We review modified F(R)-gravity as realistic candidate to describe the observable universe expansion history. We show that recent cosmic acceleration, radiation/matter-dominated epoch and inflation could be realized in the framework of F(R)-gravity in the unified way. For some viable classes of F(R)-gravity, the Newton law is respected and there is no so-called matter instability (the very heavy positive mass for additional scalar degree of freedom is generated). The reconstruction program in modified gravity is also reviewed and it is demonstrated that any time-evolution of the universe expansion could be realized in F(R)-gravity. These models remain to be realistic also in the presence of non-minimal gravitational coupling with usual matter. It is shown that same model which passes local tests and predicts the unification of inflation with cosmic acceleration also describes dark matter thanks to presence of additional scalar degree of freedom and chameleon mechanism. Keywords: dark energy, cosmological singularity, cosmic acceleration | 2485 | |||||
| 142 | The tendency to linguistic economy resulted in the enormous amount of abbreviations. Their number is increasingly growing in medical science. Being short and capacious these lexical units are hard to be perceived and translated. Professional translation is early sought in all fields. But it’s the most urgent in medicine for it must be based on the accuracy of information, accuracy and competence of professional operations as well as the feeling of high responsibility of each professional in a definite field of practical science.Thus a demand for the study, regulation and adequate translation of abbreviated terms has aroused. It contributes to the professional medical communication. This article is devoted to the study of acronyms and homoacronyms used in current medical literature. The study is done in the line of nominative and cognitive investigation. The method of continuous sampling of medical acronyms and homoacronyms from medical scientific articles and dictionaries as well as the method of structural, typological and semantic analysis. As a result of English periodical medical publications and specialized dictionaries review the authors have identified several categories of acronyms and homoacronyms. The article presents an original classification of these lexical units and reviews the means of their translation. Performed typological analysis allows to single out eleven categories of medical acronyms and homoacronyms. The largest groups consist of the abbreviations which include names of anatomical structures, symptoms and syndromes. Keywords: abbreviation, acronym, homoacronym, medical terminology, medical discourse | 2485 | |||||
| 143 | In the story Varenka Kovalenko sings the song The Winds Blow several times. In the song a young woman talks of her passion to her lover, or fiancйe who is separated from her and leaves either for different distant place, or even for exile. The author of this song is the Ukrainian poetess of XVII century Marusya Churay. We can see the shade of her fate casting on Varenka. Varenka’s brother Mikhail Kovalenko used to call his colleague Belikov - a Swallower, or Spider after the play of M. Kropivnitsky. The revelation of Ukrainian origins of the Chekhov’s story gives the opportunity to consider implied sense in the Burkin’s monologue its Lyric (Varenka) and Dramatic ( her brother Mikhail) sides. Keywords: narrator character Ukrainian world allusion implied text | 2479 | |||||
| 144 | The article shows the results of the theoretic research of bullying in national and foreign studies. The social structure of bullying is described and the psychological characteristics of its participants is given. Keywords: violence, bullying, school environment, “victim”, “offender”, “witness”. | 2479 | |||||
| 145 | The present paper deals with the main theoretical aspects of professional self-nomination of schoolchildren in condition of specialized education. The author considers professionally oriented work as one of professional self-nomination of schoolchildren. Scientific and different law acts of the pre-specialized and specialized education are studied. In the paper the author touches upon the question about the system of psychological and pedagogical work with schoolchildren in the frame of specialized education. Keywords: professional self-determination, profile training, preprofile preparation, vocational counselling, psihologo-pedagogical support | 2477 | |||||
| 146 | The article deals with socially important issues of multicultural personality in a multicultural society. The issuesof ethnic identity, ethno-tolerant interaction are relevant to the social, psychological, pedagogical and scientific levels. Multiethnic educational environment is presented as a modern reality, in which the developing person, require specially organized focused psycho-pedagogical support. It involves creating the system that will create the necessary psycho-pedagogical conditions for the successful development of a multicultural personality. Keywords: multicultural personality, multiethnic educational week, psycho-pedagogical support, ethnical tollerance. | 2477 | |||||
| 147 | Owing to growing demand in mastering the English language as a language of international communication, the questions connected with enhancing teaching listening comprehension practice in a higher school are discussed. There are serious problems concerning these questions. The poor listening comprehension ability of students is referred to. Consequently, the authors are going to contemplate on its reasons, review some effective forms and methods in the teaching of foreign language listening skills at a non-linguistic higher school. This article investigates the peculiarity and role of listening comprehension practice. The characteristic of audio-texts depicting real-life situations is given. A range of problems and difficulties which students of higher school can face in teaching listening are considered and analyzed. Some measures how to organize the listening comprehension process in class in the required way are recommended to be taken. The authors have also made some efforts on presenting the recommendations on encouraging the ability to realize a foreign speech. Keywords: foreign speech, listening comprehension practice, listening skills, peculiarities, real-life situations, difficulties, classroom procedures, confidence | 2477 | |||||
| 148 | The article reflects the general situation of linguistic expertise. Linguistic expertise of draft laws is based on the knowledge of the science of language and general principles of parliamentary activity. Therefore, the essence of the object-subject nature of the linguistic expertise of draft laws is considered in connection with different linguistic and extralinguistic factors in the aspect of the legal discourse. Special attention is given to the analysis of the relation between the concept of juridical discourse and the legislative discourse, law enforcement discourse, court discourse. Determines the difference between language and speech aspects of the linguistic expertise of draft laws. Measures on perfection of process of carrying out linguistic examination are offered. Provides the examples to confirm the practical significance of the linguistic expertise of draft laws. The material of the research is legal texts. The novelty and the findings of the author’s research are concluded in the opportunity to detect and classify an array of existing terms, which are applicable to the issue of texts of laws. Scientific article aims to discuss the problems posed by teachers, graduates and students. The conclusions reached by the author can be used to conduct further research on this issue and in the law-making process. Keywords: linguistic expertise, text, language and speech, draft law, genre, functional style, juridical discourse | 2476 | |||||
| 149 | Introduction. The relevance of the article is determined by the increased interest of philologists and the general public to the personality and creative heritage of I.S. Turgenev in the year of his 200th anniversary. Nonetheless despite the long tradition of studying the personality and creativity of the Russian writer at school the Turgenev pedagogical studies lag behind the scientific studies. Materials and research methods. The hypothetically formulated problem was confirmed during the analysis of scientific and methodological work and by the diagnosis of residual knowledge of students. Stereotypes of student’s perception of the writer’s personality and interpretation of his work are revealed. Results and discussion. In the article productive ways and forms of students’ acquaintance with the personality of the writer are considered including development of new genres of biographical essay. Particular attention is paid to the Turgenev concept of nature and love and their aesthetic and philosophical essence. New teaching methods for enhancing students’ reading activity, in particular, methods of formation intertextuality (based on the reference to the landscapes of the artists of the Barbizon School) are proposed. New ways to familiarize students with the writer’s manor texts in the context of Russian manor culture are recommended. The specific recommendations are given to include the novel «Noble Nest» into the 10th grade literature lessons. New approaches to the study of the novel «Fathers and Sons» are revealed and the method of its comparison with Avdotya Smirnova’s television series «Bazarov’s Error » based on the writer’s work is proposed. Conclusion. In conclusion of the article aiming to update the perception of Turgenev’s novel, students developed a model of a dialogue lesson involving the work of modern literature (a remake of Vera Tchaikovskaya «The New Under the Sun»). In general, the study revealed that further methodological improvement of the process of studying Turgenev’s personality and creative work at school is possible by relying on established traditions and using new forms and ways of organizing student’s reading activities, as well as improving the philological competence of a language teacher. Keywords: The problem of studying Turgenev’s personality and creative work at school, traditions and innovation, stereotypes of the writer’s world, knowledge diagnostics,Turgenev concept of nature and love, manor text, methods of enhancing reading activity, methods of forming intertextuality, updating a classic work, literature lessons’ multimedia usage | 2470 | |||||
| 150 | Introduction. The study presents an analysis of the novel The Perks of Being a Wallflower, Stephen Chbosky’s attempt at reproducing/imitating the speech of a teenager suffering from an emotional distress. The aim of the article is to unveil major linguistic principles of organizing a posttraumtic discourse. Material and methods. Charlie’s letters to a stranger are approached from a psycholinguistic perspective. The fictional text is viewed as a psychosemantic element, thus not only general psychological symptoms (such as emotional distraction, hyper-arousal, avoiding thoughts of the traumatic event, etc.) are taken into consideration but also its linguistic features. The research is rooted in the idea of the potential of certain figures of speech (for instance, metaphors) to both manifest cognitive processes and hide inner tribulations, either conscious or subconscious. Results and discussion. The research has revealed the following linguistic indicators of PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder): 1) “A strange object” affects the theme and rheme development and is a binding factor for associative chain of thoughts. 2) Compulsive syntactic parallelisms result in a cyclical nature of an utterance. 3) Avoiding thoughts of a traumatic event is achieved through cutting down the sentences, once becoming run-on sentences are finished abruptly by Charlie himself saying he no longer remembers what happened next. 4) The tension of the signified translates to tension in syntactical structures making up the signifier (it can be revealed by means of a growing number of negative sentences in one and the same paragraph; or in a constant use of the conjunction ‘and’ at the beginning of sentences). 5) Almost no metaphors are tracked in Charles’ speech, which might be a sign of predominantly metonymy-based cognitive processes, or other deep mental structures. Conclusion. The analysis of linguistic data at the syntactic, semantic, and structural level of the text makes it possible to identify predictors of PTSD, which can be used in psycholinguistic studies and training sessions on the interpretation of the text. Keywords: psycholinguistics, posttraumatic discourse, syntax, semantics, structure | 2469 | |||||